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Episode Sources

• Brooks Blevins, Ghost of the Ozarks: Murder and Memory in the Upland South, University of Illinois Press, 2012.
• Brooks Blevins, “The Arkansas Ghost Trial: The Connie Franklin Case and the Ozarks in the National Media,” Arkansas Historical Quarterly, Vol. 68, No. 3, Autumn 2009, pp. 245–271.
• Encyclopedia of Arkansas, “Connie Franklin (Alleged Murder of).”
• Deane Allen, “Man at Batesville Identified as Franklin,” Arkansas Democrat, Dec. 8, 1929, pp. 1, 8.
• “Connie Franklin Reported Living,” Arkansas Gazette, Dec. 5, 1929, p. 1.
• “Five Indicted as Climax to Murder Probe,” Arkansas Democrat, Nov. 24, 1929, pp. 1, 6.
• Fletcher Chenout, “Four Cleared of Slaying Franklin,” Arkansas Gazette, Dec. 20, 1929, pp. 1, 7.
• Carl Olsson, “Startling Franklin Case Development Predicted,” Arkansas Democrat, Dec. 15, 1929, p. 1.
• TIME, “The States: Arkansas Vindicated,” Dec. 30, 1929.
• “From Baxter Bulletin Files,” Baxter County History, Vol. 7, 1981, pp. 41–42.
• Steven Teske, Unvarnished Arkansas: The Naked Truth about Nine Famous Arkansans, Butler Center Books, 2012.
• University of Illinois Press, “Q&A with Ghost of the Ozarks Author Brooks Blevins,” July 6, 2012.
• KSMU Ozarks Public Radio, “Ghost of the Ozarks: Murder and Scandal in the Hills,” April 30, 2012.
• Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, March 11, 1942, retrospective account of the Connie Franklin case.

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• William Lewis Moore — Wikipedia
• The Unsolved Civil Rights Murder of William Lewis Moore — Morbidology
• Slaying of Baltimore civil rights protester still unsolved — The Baltimore Sun (2013)
• A Postman's 1963 Walk for Justice, Cut Short on an Alabama Road — NPR (2013)
• The Murder of William Moore — Equal Justice Initiative
• William L. Moore — Un(re)solved, FRONTLINE / PBS
• Historical Marker Alongside Alabama Highway Will Honor Civil Rights Martyr William Lewis Moore — Southern Poverty Law Center (2019)
• Freedom Walk: Mississippi or Bust — Mary Stanton, University Press of Mississippi (2003)
• The Mind in Chains: The Autobiography of a Schizophrenic — William Lewis Moore
• Civil Rights Memorial — Southern Poverty Law Center, Montgomery, Alabama
• A Stain in Alabama — Los Angeles Times (Oct. 27, 2002)
• The Injustice Files: He Walked Alone — Investigation Discovery (2011)

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

Join the Community on Patreon:

Want more Southern Mysteries? You can hear the Southern Mysteries show archive of 60+ episodes along with Patron exclusive podcast, Audacious: Tales of American Crime and more when you become a patron of the show. You can immediately access exclusive content now at patreon.com/southernmysteries

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Episode Sources

• “Thurmond.” National Park Service, New River Gorge National Park and Preserve. https://www.nps.gov/neri/learn/historyculture/thurmond.htm
• “Thurmond Walking Tour.” National Park Service, New River Gorge National Park and Preserve, Jan. 6, 2020. https://www.nps.gov/neri/learn/historyculture/thurmond-walking-tour.htm
• “Gambling at the Dunglen Hotel.” National Park Service, New River Gorge National Park and Preserve. https://www.nps.gov/neri/learn/historyculture/gambling-at-the-dunglen-hotel.htm
• “Thurmond Passenger Depot.” National Park Service, New River Gorge National Park and Preserve.
• “New River Gorge National Park and Preserve.” National Park Service. Background on the 1978 establishment of New River Gorge National River and the 2020 redesignation as a national park and preserve.
• Harper, R. Eugene. “Thurmond Historic District.” National Register of Historic Places nomination form, Sept. 15, 1983. http://www.wvculture.org/shpo/nr/pdf/fayette/84003520.pdf
• National Park Service. “Thurmond Historic Structures Assessment: New River Gorge National River, West Virginia.” http://www.quid-tum.com/documents/thurmond_assessment_report.pdf
• Cox, W. Eugene. “Dun Glen Hotel.” The West Virginia Encyclopedia, April 23, 2019. https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1973
• “Burning of the Dunglen Hotel.” West Virginia Archives and History, July 23, 1930. http://www.wvculture.org/history/businessandindustry/dunglen01.html
• Knight, Wallace E. “Dunglen Hotel.” West Virginia Archives and History, May 4, 1952. http://www.wvculture.org/history/businessandindustry/dunglen02.html
• “July 22, 1930: Fayette County’s Dun Glen Hotel Destroyed by Arson.” West Virginia Public Broadcasting, July 22, 2020. https://www.wvpublic.org/radio/2020-07-22/july-22-1930-fayette-countys-dun-glen-hotel-destroyed-by-arson
• “The Dunglen Hotel: The Historic Hotspot for Trouble.” New River Gorge Convention and Visitors Bureau, Oct. 22, 2014. https://newrivergorgecvb.com/dunglen-hotel/
• Hufford, Mary. “Breaking the Time Barrier: Folklife and Heritage Planning in Southern West Virginia.” Folklife Center News, vol. 15, nos. 3-4, July 1, 1993.
• Tabler, Dave. “Women, Booze, Dice and Cards.” Appalachian History, July 23, 2019. https://www.appalachianhistory.net/2019/07/women-booze-dice-and-cards.html
• Schnur, Leisa. “Historic Dun Glen Hotel Site Soon Accessible.” Haunt Jaunts, Jan. 2, 2019. https://www.hauntjaunts.net/historic-dun-glen-hotel-site-soon-accessible/
• Poillio, Carol. “Haunted National Parks: The ‘Dodge City of the East.’” Intuitive Investigations. https://www.intuitive-investigations.com/single-post/2016/04/12/haunted-national-parks-the-dodge-city-of-the-east
• “Longest Poker Game Ever.” Better Poker News. https://betterpokernews.com/betterpokernews-com-longest-poker-game-ever/
• Amtrak. “Thurmond, West Virginia.” Station information for the Cardinal route. https://www.amtrak.com/stations/thn
• Amtrak. “Cardinal.” Route information for passenger service between New York and Chicago.
• “Thurmond, West Virginia.” Historical documentary detailing William Dabney Thurmond, Thomas Gaylord McKell, the development of the C&O railroad junction, Glen Jean, the Dun Glen Hotel and the south-side entertainment district. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kwcFcuj-eJ0
• “Thurmond.” The Fayette Journal, Nov. 2, 1911, p. 67. Profile of the town, its railroad business, banks, businesses and prominent residents. Newspapers.com.
• “Dunglen Hotel, Thurmond, W. Va.” The Fayette Journal, Nov. 2, 1911, p. 68. Newspapers.com.
• “Mankin Drug Company, Thurmond, W. Va.” and “The New River Banking and Trust Company, Thurmond, W. Va.” The Fayette Journal, Nov. 2, 1911, p. 69. Newspapers.com.
• “National Bank of Thurmond.” The Fayette Journal, Nov. 2, 1911, p. 70. Newspapers.com.
• “New C&O Station.” The Leader, Jan. 23, 1947, p. 3. Report on a proposed modern station, passenger and freight traffic, and Thurmond’s reputation as a riotous railroad town. Newspapers.com.
• “New Witness in Beckley Kidnap Case Is Found.” Hinton Daily News, Nov. 26, 1943, p. 8. Account involving a Thurmond railroad worker who encountered a kidnapped girl aboard a freight train. Newspapers.com. https://www.newspapers.com/image/47911258/?match=1&terms=thurmond%20railroad
• “Town of Thurmond Once Was East’s ‘Little Monte Carlo.’” Historical newspaper feature detailing the Dun Glen Hotel, gambling and stories associated with Thurmond’s violent reputation. Newspapers.com.
• “Thurmond Reawakened: It’s Not the Same Type of Town It Used to Be.” The Raleigh Register, Nov. 10, 1977, p. 20. Newspapers.com.
• “Fire Across From Thurmond Causes Loss of $25,000.” The Independent-Herald, Jan. 30, 1908, p. 1. Report on the fire that destroyed two stores and a residence and threatened the Dun Glen Hotel. Newspapers.com.
• “Old ‘Dodge City of East,’ Thurmond, Comes Full Circle.” Sunday Gazette-Mail, June 20, 1976, p. 12. Report on the Bankers Club, the Pugh family and new tourism businesses in Thurmond. Newspapers.com.
• “Coal Baron’s Dream Railroad Rusting, Awaits Dismantling.” Sunday Gazette-Mail, Aug. 4, 1974, p. 20. Account of the abandoned Arbuckle Creek railroad and Thurmond’s deterioration. Newspapers.com.
• “Thurmond, the ‘Dodge City of the East,’ Is Thriving Again.” Beckley Post-Herald/The Raleigh Register, July 31, 1977, p. 1. Report on rafting, tourism and renewed interest in Thurmond. Newspapers.com.
• “Mayor Fined Suicide.” The Fairmont West Virginian, June 14, 1904, p. 4. Reprinted account credited to the Huntington Herald concerning the drowning near Thurmond and the mayor’s reported five-dollar fine.
• Account of the drowned man fined for violating a town ordinance against suicide. Shepherdstown Register, June 16, 1904, p. 2. Newspapers.com. https://www.newspapers.com/image/375523925/?match=1&terms=thurmond%20railroad
• “Conductor Killed.” Hinton Daily News, Aug. 10, 1904, p. 1. Report on C&O conductor J.G. McKenzy, whose body was found on the tracks under circumstances that led residents to suspect murder. Newspapers.com.
• “Lawlessness at Thurmond.” Hinton Daily News, June 8, 1903, p. 1. Report on Baldwin detective J.W. Nelson’s alleged blackjack assault on railroad engineer Doggett. Newspapers.com.
• “Foolish Girl Lured to Thurmond to Marry a Man Whom She Had Never Seen.” The Independent-Herald, April 24, 1902, p. 3. Newspapers.com.
• “Three Miners Are Killed.” Martinsburg Herald, Feb. 2, 1907, p. 7. Report on the mine explosion near Stuart on Loop Creek that killed three miners. Newspapers.com. https://www.newspapers.com/image/884926213/?match=1&terms=thurmond%20railroad
• “Arrest Two at Thurmond for Burdette Hold-Up.” Hinton Daily News, April 25, 1925, p. 1. Newspapers.com.
• “Traveling Man Shot at Thurmond.” Hinton Daily News, Feb. 9, 1903, p. 1. Report on the fatal shooting of J.H. Arrington by Walter Smith at the Dun Glen Hotel. Newspapers.com.
• “His Throat Cut.” The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer, Aug. 26, 1893, p. 1. Report on Robert Baines, who was found near Arbuckle Creek with his throat cut and accused Henry Caldwell of the attack. Newspapers.com.

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• Langley, Lee. Inside Scenes of Atlanta's Black Week: A Series of Social Sensations and a Carnival of Crimes. Atlanta: Franklin Printing and Publishing Company, 1893.
• "A Carnival of Crime." The True Citizen (Waynesboro, Georgia), March 4, 1893.
• "The Trial of Julia Force." The True Citizen (Waynesboro, Georgia), July 1, 1893.
• "Miss Julia Force Indicted." The Weekly Banner (Athens, Georgia), March 14, 1893.
• "Julia Force Declared Insane." The Hartwell Sun (Hartwell, Georgia), July 7, 1893.
• "Julia Force Sent to the State Sanitarium." The Union Recorder (Milledgeville, Georgia), July 11, 1893.
• "Thomas Cobb Jackson's Suicide." The Montgomery Monitor (Mount Vernon, Georgia), March 2, 1893.
• "Force, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Boots and Shoes." The Daily Intelligencer (Atlanta, Georgia), Dec. 22, 1865.
• "Bankruptcy Notice of Benjamin W. Force." The Daily Opinion (Atlanta, Georgia), Oct. 24, 1867.
• The Atlanta Constitution (Atlanta, Georgia), coverage of the Lewis Redwine scandal and Atlanta's Black Week, 1893-1894.
• The Atlanta Journal (Atlanta, Georgia), coverage of the Force murders and trial, 1893.
• Georgia Historic Newspapers, Digital Library of Georgia. https://gahistoricnewspapers.galileo.usg.edu
• New Georgia Encyclopedia. "Fulton County." https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org
• New Georgia Encyclopedia. "Henry W. Grady." https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org
• Your Peachy Past. https://peachypast.blogspot.com
• Find a Grave. "Julia H. Force." https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/144555327/julia-h-force
• Friends of Memory Hill Cemetery. https://friendsofcems.org

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• “The Hidden Black Society They Don’t Teach You About” — In the Margins, PBS. Overview of the Great Dismal Swamp maroons, including interior, fringe and canal communities; the stories of Harriet Jacobs, Venus and Jack; the canal labor economy; and the Easter Conspiracy.
• “The Great Dismal Swamp” — 99% Invisible. Podcast episode exploring the landscape, history and archaeology of the swamp’s maroon communities.
• “Tom Copper’s Rebellion and Great Dismal Marronage” — National Park Service. Detailed history of Tom Copper, Mingo, New Begun and the alleged Easter Conspiracy of 1802.
• “Anthropologist Daniel Sayers on the Maroons Who Found Freedom in the Great Dismal Swamp” — National Endowment for the Humanities. Interview about Sayers’ archaeological research and the evidence of long-term maroon settlements.
• “The Dismal Swamp: One Road Out of Slavery Took You Straight to the Boggiest Place You’ve Ever Been” — National Endowment for the Humanities. Background on the landscape, archaeology and people who sought freedom inside the swamp.
• “Deep in the Swamps, Archaeologists Are Finding How Fugitive Slaves Kept Their Freedom” — Smithsonian Magazine. In-depth account of Daniel Sayers’ excavations and the evidence uncovered at interior maroon sites.
• A Desolate Place for a Defiant People: The Archaeology of Maroons, Indigenous Americans, and Enslaved Laborers in the Great Dismal Swamp — Daniel O. Sayers. Archaeological study of Indigenous occupation, enslaved labor and maroon resistance within the swamp.
• Dismal Freedom: A History of the Maroons of the Great Dismal Swamp — J. Brent Morris. History of the maroons and the ways they created independent lives beyond white-controlled society.
• City of Refuge: Slavery and Petit Marronage in the Great Dismal Swamp, 1763–1856 — Marcus P. Nevius. Study of temporary and long-term escape, informal labor networks and the connections between maroons and the swamp’s commercial economy.
• “A History of the Maroons of the Great Dismal Swamp” — Virginia Museum of History & Culture. Program featuring historian J. Brent Morris and his research into the swamp’s maroon communities.
• “Gabriel’s Conspiracy” — Encyclopedia Virginia and Virginia Humanities. Historical overview of Gabriel’s planned 1800 uprising near Richmond.
• “Letter from Mosby Sheppard to James Monroe, Aug. 30, 1800” — Encyclopedia Virginia and the Library of Virginia. Primary-source warning sent to Virginia’s governor after the planned uprising was revealed.
• “Testimony in the Trial of Gabriel, Oct. 6, 1800” — Encyclopedia Virginia and the Library of Virginia. Surviving testimony from Gabriel’s prosecution.
• Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl — Harriet Jacobs, available through Documenting the American South at the University of North Carolina. Jacobs’ firsthand account of her escape from slavery and the time she spent hiding in a swamp.
• Narrative of the Life of Moses Grandy, Late a Slave in the United States of America — Moses Grandy, available through Documenting the American South. Firsthand account of slavery, waterway labor and the economy surrounding the Great Dismal Swamp and its canal.

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• Laben T. Mills Obituary. Big Sandy News. July 31,1914
• Lucinda Ward Mills. Find A Grave. [Lucinda’s age listed as 65 here but based off of census records she was believed to have been 72] 
• Burning of Body on Altar Halted by Inez Police. The Owensboro Inquirer. February 9, 1933 
• Cult Victim Held Willing Sacrifice. The Courier-Journal. February 10, 1933
• Insanity Plea Planned in Cult Slaying Case. The Courier-Journal. February 11, 1933
• Bare Details of ‘Sacrifice’ Death Scene. Indianpolis Times. February 11, 1933
• Mills Held Without Bond for Slaying Mother in Cult ‘Sacrifice’. The Lexington Herald. February 12, 1933
• Nine Relatives of Cult Victim Are Indicted. The Owensboro Messenger. April 5, 1933
• Insanity Held Slaying Cause. The Courier-Journal. April 7, 1933
• Two Relative Freed In Cult Slaying Trial. The Lexington Leader. April 9, 1933
• Prosecutor Contends Slayers of Mrs Mills Cold Blooded Murderers. The Courier-Journal. April 10, 1933
• Mills Kneeling on Mother’s Body Fought Deputies. The Owensboro Inquirer. April 11, 1933
• Cult Case Goes to Jury. The Courier Journal. April 12, 1933
• Cult Leader Is Given Life Term for Matricide. The Courier-Journal. April 12, 1933
• Blaine McGinnis is Given Pardon. Lexington Herald-Leader. November 3, 1933
• Odd Fellows Have Skeletons in Their Closets--and Their Walls and Attics. Los Angeles Times. April 2001.

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• Pearce, John Ed. Days of Darkness: The Feuds of Eastern Kentucky. University Press of Kentucky, 1994.
• Blair, Juanita and Brown, Fred Jr. Days of Anger, Days of Tears: Rowan County, Kentucky, 1884–1887. 1984. Morehead State University Rowan County War Collection.
• Morehead State University Rowan County War Collection. scholarworks.moreheadstate.edu/rowan_county_war
• Kentucky Historical Society. Rowan County War historical marker, Morehead, Kentucky.
• The New York Times. “The Rowan County War: Two Factions Thirsting for Each Other’s Blood.” July 6, 1885.
• The New York Times. Coverage of the reported Grace Martin and Frank Tolliver marriage. 1889.
• Maysville Daily Evening Bulletin. “Bloody Election Day.” August 6, 1884.
• Maysville Daily Evening Bulletin. “A Train Stopped and a Murderer Riddled with Bullets.” December 1884.
• Maysville Daily Evening Bulletin. “Deadly Feud Ended in Marriage.” 1889.
• Louisville Courier-Journal. “The Rowan County War.” April 4, 1885.
• Louisville Courier-Journal. “Rowan County: A Three-Years’ History Written in the Blood of Seventeen Murdered People.” June 12, 1887.
• Coats, Harold Wilson. “The Man Unafraid,” from Stories of Kentucky Feuds.
• U.S. Forest Service historical account of the Daniel Boone National Forest, Chapter 23.

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• Gould, Nita. Remembering Ella: A 1912 Murder and Mystery in the Arkansas Ozarks. Butler Center Books / University of Arkansas Press, 2018. (rememberingella.com)
• Barham, Ella (Murder of) - Encyclopedia of Arkansas 
• Gould, Nita, ed. The 1913 Trial of Odus Davidson: The Official Witness Testimony. Companion volume to Remembering Ella.
• Encyclopedia of Arkansas — 'Barham, Ella (Murder of)' (encyclopediaofarkansas.net)
• Encyclopedia of Arkansas — 'Davidson, Odus' (encyclopediaofarkansas.net)
• Find a Grave — Ella Lillian Ethel Barham (memorial #40832262)
• Find a Grave — Odus Davidson (memorial #31134642)
• Arkansas Democrat-Gazette — 'The verdict: Guilty of murder' (review of Remembering Ella by Tom Dillard, December 9, 2018)
• AY Magazine — 'Murder Mystery: In Memoriam: Ella Barham' (aymag.com)
• Case file: State v. Davidson, No. 183 (Ark. Cir. Ct. 1913). Boone County Circuit Clerk's Office, Boone County Courthouse, Harrison, Arkansas.
• Case file: Davidson v. State, 108 Ark. 158, S.W. 1103 (1913). University of Arkansas at Little Rock William H. Bowen School of Law / Pulaski County Law Library, Little Rock, Arkansas.
• Boone County Court Record Book L, County Clerk's Office, Boone County Courthouse, Harrison, Arkansas.
• Lead Hill, Arkansas newspaper, November 22, 1912 — first published account of the murder (via Chronicling America, Library of Congress, loc.gov)
• Batesville Daily Guard — editorial on circumstantial evidence and the Davidson verdict
• Shiloh Museum of Ozark History — 'Scenes of Boone County' (shilohmuseum.org)

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• Burchard, Peter. “One Gallant Rush: Robert Gould Shaw and His Brave Black Regiment.” St. Martin’s Press, 1965.
• Burchard, Peter. “We’ll Stand by the Union: Robert Gould Shaw and the Black 54th Massachusetts Regiment.” Facts on File, 1993.
• Coulter, E.M. Writings on the burning of Darien, including his characterization of the destruction as a “barbaric act” and “wanton vandalism.”
• Duncan, Russell, editor. “Blue-Eyed Child of Fortune: The Civil War Letters of Colonel Robert Gould Shaw.” University of Georgia Press, 1992.
• Duncan, Russell. “Where Death and Glory Meet: Colonel Robert Gould Shaw and the 54th Massachusetts Infantry.” University of Georgia Press, 1999.
• Emilio, Luis F. “A Brave Black Regiment: History of the Fifty-Fourth Regiment of Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, 1863-1865.” Boston Book Co., 1894.
• Francis Lieber, “Instructions for the Government of Armies of the United States in the Field,” General Orders No. 100, April 24, 1863.
• Georgia Historical Society historical marker, “The Burning of Darien,” erected in 2001.
• Historical Marker Database, “The Burning of Darien,” marker transcription and location information.
• King, Spencer Bidwell Jr. “Darien: The Death and Rebirth of a Southern Town.” Mercer University Press, 1981.
• Levin, Kevin M. “James Montgomery, the Burning of Darien, and the Innocence of Robert Gould Shaw.” “Civil War Memory,” Oct. 23, 2023.
• Levin, Kevin M. “Vindicating Col. Robert Gould Shaw and the 54th.” “Civil War Memory,” May 19, 2013.
• Massachusetts Historical Society, “The Destruction of Darien, Georgia,” “The Beehive,” Oct. 25, 2017.
• National Museum of African American History and Culture, “The Combahee Ferry Raid.”
• National Museum of the United States Army, “Robert Gould Shaw.”
• National Park Service, “54th Massachusetts Regiment.”
• National Park Service, “Combahee River Ferry & Harriet Tubman Bridge.”
• National Park Service, “We Called Ourselves Combee: Freeing the Enslaved People of the Combahee River.”
• Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series I, Volume XIV.
• Shaw-Minturn family papers, Massachusetts Historical Society, including Robert Gould Shaw’s June 1863 letters describing the burning of Darien.
• St. Andrew’s Episcopal Church, Darien, Georgia, church history materials.
• “Written in Glory: The 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Regiment,” entries related to June 1863, July 1863 and the burning of Darien.

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Want more Southern Mysteries? You can hear the Southern Mysteries show archive of 60+ episodes along with Patron exclusive podcast, Audacious: Tales of American Crime and more when you become a patron of the show. You can immediately access exclusive content now at patreon.com/southernmysteries

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Episode Sources

• Style Weekly Richmond — 'Finding Beulah' (styleweekly.com)
• Virginia Chronicle Digital Newspaper Archive — The News Leader, September 7, 1911 (virginiachronicle.com)
• San Francisco Call — August 29, 1911 — Paul Beattie testimony (California Digital Newspaper Collection, cdnc.ucr.edu)
• Colorado Historic Newspapers Collection — Rocky Mountain News, September 9, 1911
• Pottsville Republican — November 24, 1911 — Beattie confession and execution (newspapers.com)
• Old Songs — Henry Clay Beattie folk ballad, Kelly Harrell 1927 recording (lizlyle.lofgrens.org)
• Find a Grave — Henry Clay Beattie Jr. (memorial #11571632), Louise Wellford Owen Beattie (#11571649), Henry Clay Beattie Sr. (#11571129)
• WikiTree — Henry Clay (Beattie) Owen — Wellford Beattie name change record
• William & Mary Law School Digital Repository — A Full and Complete History of the Great Beattie Murder Case (scholarship.law.wm.edu)
• Trotti, Michael Ayers. The Body in the Reservoir: Murder and Sensationalism in the South (University of North Carolina Press, 2014)
• Grossman, Mark. The Trunk Dripped Blood: Five Sensational Murder Cases of the Early 20th Century (Exposit Books, 2018)
• A Full and Complete History of the Beattie Case, Most Highly Sensational Tragedy of the Century (Phoenix Publishing Co., 1911) — Harvard CURIOSity Digital Collections and WorldCat
• Virginia Museum of History & Culture — Richmond automobile culture and Kline Kar history, 1911 (virginiahistory.org)
• Venture Richmond / Wikipedia — Manchester neighborhood history and 1910 consolidation with Richmond
• Chesterfield Historical Society of Virginia — Russ Lescault, board member, quoted in Style Weekly

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Want more Southern Mysteries? You can hear the Southern Mysteries show archive of 60+ episodes along with Patron exclusive podcast, Audacious: Tales of American Crime and more when you become a patron of the show. You can immediately access exclusive content now at patreon.com/southernmysteries

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Episode Sources

• Reuters. “Mississippi man who said he was abducted by aliens dies.” Sept. 13, 2011. https://www.reuters.com/article/world/uk/mississippi-man-who-said-he-was-abducted-by-aliens-dies-idUSTRE78C66R/
• WLOX. “Calvin Parker, who claimed he was abducted by aliens in Pascagoula in 1973, has died.” Sept. 2, 2023. https://www.wlox.com/2023/09/02/calvin-parker-who-claimed-he-was-abducted-by-aliens-pascagoula-1973-has-died/
• WLOX. “Coast Life: Alleged Pascagoula River Alien Abduction 50-years later.” Oct. 16, 2023. https://www.wlox.com/2023/10/17/coast-life-alleged-pascagoula-river-alien-abduction-50-years-later/
• Country Roads Magazine. Alexandra Kennon Shahin, “The Pascagoula Abduction.” Sept.21, 2021 https://countryroadsmagazine.com/art-and-culture/people-places/the-pascagoula-abduction/
• Office of the Director of National Intelligence. “2022 Annual Report on Unidentified Aerial Phenomena.” Jan. 12, 2023. https://www.dni.gov/index.php/newsroom/reports-publications/reports-publications-2023/3667-2022-annual-report-on-unidentified-aerial-phenomena
• Office of the Director of National Intelligence. “ODNI Releases Annual Report on Unidentified Aerial Phenomena.” Jan. 12, 2023. https://www.dni.gov/index.php/newsroom/press-releases/press-releases-2023/3668-odni-releases-annual-report-on-unidentified-aerial-phenomena
• Office of the Director of National Intelligence. “2022 Annual Report on Unidentified Aerial Phenomena” (PDF). https://www.dni.gov/files/ODNI/documents/assessments/Unclassified-2022-Annual-Report-UAP.pdf
• U.S. Department of Defense. “Department of Defense Releases the Annual Report on Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena.” Nov. 14, 2024. https://www.war.gov/News/Releases/Release/article/3964824/department-of-defense-releases-the-annual-report-on-unidentified-anomalous-phen/

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• The Tennessean archival reporting on the disappearance, search, and investigation of Marcia Trimble (1975–2009): https://www.tennessean.com/
• Nashville Banner historical coverage via Nashville Public Library Digital Collections: https://digital.library.nashville.org/ (digital.library.nashville.org in Bing)
• Metro Nashville Police Department public statements and case summaries related to the Trimble investigation: https://www.nashville.gov/departments/police (nashville.gov in Bing)
• Tennessee Court of Criminal Appeals opinion in State of Tennessee v. Jerome Sydney Barrett (2009): https://www.tncourts.gov/
• Davidson County Criminal Court filings and docket information for Barrett’s prosecution: https://sci.ccc.nashville.gov/ (sci.ccc.nashville.gov in Bing)
• Vanderbilt University archives documenting the murder of Sarah Des Prez and Barrett’s connection: https://www.library.vanderbilt.edu/speccol/
• Belmont University reporting and campus safety archives referencing the February 1975 assault linked to Barrett: https://www.belmont.edu/
• A&E Cold Case Files episode “The Girl Scout Murder” (Marcia Trimble case): https://www.aetv.com/shows/cold-case-files (aetv.com in Bing)
• Nashville Scene long‑form reporting on the Trimble case and the Womack investigation: https://www.nashvillescene.com/
• Interviews with Jeffrey Womack published across multiple decades, including retrospective reporting by The Tennessean: https://www.tennessean.com/
• Nashville Public Library Metro Archives: Belle Meade and Green Hills neighborhood development history, maps, and planning documents: https://library.nashville.org/research/metro-archives (library.nashville.org in Bing)
• U.S. Census Bureau demographic data for Nashville and Davidson County (1960–1980):
• Historical accounts of Belle Meade’s origins and incorporation as an independent city: https://www.citybellemeade.org/
• Reporting on the 1979 grand jury indictment of Jeffrey Womack via The Tennessean archives: https://www.tennessean.com/
• Coverage of the 2008–2009 DNA breakthroughs and Barrett’s prosecution from The Tennessean and AP News: https://apnews.com/
• Academic research on investigative tunnel vision and wrongful suspicion in 1970s policing (National Criminal Justice Reference Service): https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs
• Oral histories and interviews with Nashville residents who participated in the 1975 search efforts (Nashville Public Library Oral History Collections): https://library.nashville.org/research/oral-history (library.nashville.org in Bing)
• Contemporary reporting on changes in Tennessee missing‑child protocols influenced by the Trimble case (TBI & state legislative archives): https://www.tn.gov/tbi

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• Greenhow, Rose O’Neal. My Imprisonment and the First Year of Abolition Rule at Washington. London: Richard Bentley, 1863.
• Pinkerton, Allan. The Spy of the Rebellion: Being a True History of the Spy System of the United States Army During the Late Rebellion. New York: G.W. Carleton & Co., 1883.
• Boyd, Belle. Belle Boyd in Camp and Prison. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1865.
• Van Lew, Elizabeth. Papers and correspondence, 1860–1870. Library of Virginia, Richmond.
• Davis, Jefferson. The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1881.
• U.S. War Department. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1880–1901.
• National Archives and Records Administration. “Old Capitol Prison Records,” Record Group 393.
• Blanton, DeAnne. “Women Soldiers, Spies, and Patriots of the Civil War.” National Archives, 1993.
• Leonard, Elizabeth D. All the Daring of the Soldier: Women of the Civil War Armies. New York: W.W. Norton, 1999.
• Wheeler, Richard. Voices of 1861. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1961.
• Clinton, Catherine. Southern Women in the Civil War. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.
• McPherson, James M. Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.
• Browning, Robert M. From Cape Charles to Cape Fear: The North Atlantic Blockading Squadron During the Civil War. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1993.
• Fonvielle, Chris E. The Wilmington Campaign: Last Rays of Departing Hope. Campbell, CA: Savas Publishing, 1997.
• “Wilmington Daily Journal,” October 1864. Coverage of the wreck of the Condor and the death of Rose O’Neal Greenhow.
• “Richmond Enquirer,” 1861–1862. Reports on the arrest and imprisonment of Rose O’Neal Greenhow.
• “The New York Times,” August–September 1861. Coverage of Greenhow’s arrest and Pinkerton’s investigation.
• Library of Congress. “Civil War Glass Negatives and Related Prints,” Prints and Photographs Division.
• National Park Service. “First Battle of Manassas: Intelligence and Espionage,” Manassas National Battlefield Park.
• Sutherland, Daniel E. A Savage Conflict: The Decisive Role of Guerrillas in the American Civil War. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2009.
• Fishel, Edwin C. The Secret War for the Union: The Untold Story of Military Intelligence in the Civil War. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1996.
• Bakeless, John. Spies of the Confederacy. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1970.
• Horan, James D. Confederate Agent: A True Story of the Civil War. New York: Crown Publishers, 1954.
• Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies, Series I, Vol. 10. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1900.
• North Carolina Office of Archives and History. “Fort Fisher and the Blockade Runners,” Raleigh, NC.

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Want more Southern Mysteries? You can hear the Southern Mysteries show archive of 60+ episodes along with Patron exclusive podcast, Audacious: Tales of American Crime and more when you become a patron of the show. You can immediately access exclusive content now at patreon.com/southernmysteries

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Episode Sources

• Richard Bailey — Neither Carpetbaggers Nor Scalawags: Black Officeholders During the Reconstruction of Alabama, 1867–1878. https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1572687
• Eric Foner — Freedom’s Lawmakers: A Directory of Black Officeholders During Reconstruction . https://uncpress.org/book/9780807858863/freedoms-lawmakers/
• Alabama Department of Archives & History — Reconstruction‑era election record. https://archives.alabama.gov
• Greene County Historical Society. https://www.greenecountyhistoricalsociety.org
• University of Alabama — Black Belt Heritage Collections. https://guides.lib.ua.edu/blackbelt
• Birmingham Civil Rights Institute — Oral Histories. https://www.bcri.org/oral-history-project
• U.S. Department of Justice — Voting Rights Act historical materials. https://www.justice.gov/crt/voting-rights-act-1965
• Frye Gaillard — Cradle of Freedom: Alabama and the Movement That Changed America . https://ugapress.org/book/9780820324722/cradle-of-freedom
• Marshall Frady — The Southerner . https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1358422
• Southern Christian Leadership Conference Archives. https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/southern-christian-leadership-conference-sclc
• Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) Digital Gateway. https://snccdigital.org
• Birmingham News (historical archives). https://www.newspapers.com/paper/the-birmingham-news/268/
• Tuscaloosa News (historical archives). https://www.newspapers.com/paper/the-tuscaloosa-news/2681/
• Equal Justice Initiative — Historical reports on policing in Alabama. https://eji.org/reports/
• Douglas A. Blackmon — Slavery by Another Name. https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/18327/slavery-by-another-name-by-douglas-a-blackmon/
• Isabel Wilkerson — The Warmth of Other Suns. https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/19076/the-warmth-of-other-suns-by-isabel-wilkerson/
• This Man Stands Alone (film about Thomas Gilmore). https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0250463/

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

Join the Community on Patreon:

Want more Southern Mysteries? You can hear the Southern Mysteries show archive of 60+ episodes along with Patron exclusive podcast, Audacious: Tales of American Crime and more when you become a patron of the show. You can immediately access exclusive content now at patreon.com/southernmysteries

🎧 Explore More Southern Mysteries

Visit SouthernMysteries.com for more episodes and source lists.

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Episode Sources

• Denton Record‑Chronicle. Coverage of the disappearance of Virginia Carpenter. https://dentonrc.com
• Texarkana Gazette. Reporting on the Carpenter case and related community response. https://www.texarkanagazette.com
• Texas Woman’s University Libraries, Special Collections. Historical information on TSCW campus life and 1940s dorm policies. https://twu.edu/library/special-collections/ (twu.edu in Bing)
• Texas Rangers Hall of Fame and Museum. Background on Ranger Lewis C. Rigler and investigative practices. https://www.texasranger.org
• The Charley Project. “Mary Virginia Carpenter.” https://charleyproject.org/case/mary-virginia-carpenter (charleyproject.org)
• The Doe Network. Case File 1198DFTX. https://www.doenetwork.org/cases/1198dftx.html (doenetwork.org in Bing)
• Unsolved Mysteries Wiki. “Virginia Carpenter.” https://unsolvedmysteries.fandom.com/wiki/Virginia_Carpenter 
• Texas Monthly. “The Phantom Killer.” https://www.texasmonthly.com/articles/the-phantom-killer/ 
• FBI Vault. Archival documents related to mid‑20th‑century missing persons investigations. https://vault.fbi.gov
• Newspapers.com. Digitized historical newspapers used for timeline verification. https://www.newspapers.com
• Ancestry.com. U.S. Census and public records consulted for background verification. https://www.ancestry.com

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

Join the Community on Patreon:

Want more Southern Mysteries? You can hear the Southern Mysteries show archive of 60+ episodes along with Patron exclusive podcast, Audacious: Tales of American Crime and more when you become a patron of the show. You can immediately access exclusive content now at patreon.com/southernmysteries

🎧 Explore More Southern Mysteries

Visit SouthernMysteries.com for more episodes and source lists.

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Episode Sources

• "Tomb of Julia Legare." South Carolina Picture Project. https://www.scpictureproject.org/charleston-county/tomb-of-julia-legare.html
• "The Legend of Julia Legare." Edisto Beach. https://edistobeach.com/the-legend-of-julia-legare/
• "Presbyterian Church on Edisto Island." South Carolina Picture Project. https://www.scpictureproject.org/charleston-county/edisto-island-presbyterian.html
• Jaime Rubio. "The True Legend of Julia Legare – Fact vs Fiction." Dreaming Casually, Aug. 7, 2014. https://dreamingcasuallypoetry.blogspot.com/2014/08/the-true-legend-of-julia-legare-fact-vs.html
• "Julia Georgiana Seabrook Legare (1829–1852)." Find a Grave memorial 65651815. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/65651815/julia-georgiana-legare
• "Hugh Swinton Legare (1847–1854)." Find a Grave memorial 65655039. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/65655039/hugh-swinton-legare
• "Presbyterian Church on Edisto Island Cemetery." RootsWeb transcription https://freepages.rootsweb.com/~cemphoto/history/sc/charleston/edisto/scehmedtall.html
• "Julia Georgianna (Seabrook) Legaré (1829–1852)." WikiTree profile Seabrook-911. https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Seabrook-911
• "Julia Georgiana Seabrook (1829–1852)." FamilySearch. https://ancestors.familysearch.org/en/M4KR-51C/julia-georgiana-seabrook-1829-1852
• "William Seabrook (1773–1836)." FamilySearch. https://ancestors.familysearch.org/en/LKLK-T93/william-seabrook-1773-1836
• "Robert Chisholm Seabrook (1821–1852)." FamilySearch. https://ancestors.familysearch.org/en/MZJY-FBZ/robert-chisholm-seabrook-1821-1852
• "Seabrook Plantation – Edisto Island – Charleston County." .https://south-carolina-plantations.com/charleston/seabrook.html
• "Cassina Point Plantation." South Carolina Picture Project. https://www.scpictureproject.org/charleston-county/cassina-point-plantation-2.html
• Historic Houses of South Carolina. J. H. Easterby et al. (PDF). https://archive.org/download/historichousesof00leid/historichousesof00leid.pdf
• "The South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine, Vol. XVII." (PDF). https://www.carolana.com/SC/eBooks/SCHGM/The_South_Carolina_Historical_and_Genealogical_Magazine_Volume_XVII.pdf
• "James Hopkinson Papers, 1847–1921." ArchiveGrid / WorldCat summary. https://researchworks.oclc.org/archivegrid/archiveComponent/41963032
• "Slaves of James Hopkinson (1810–1875), South Carolina." https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:Slaves_of_James_Hopkinson_%281810_-_1875%29%2C_South_Carolina
• "1865 List of Abandoned Plantations, Edisto Island, South Carolina." https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:1865_List_of_Abandoned_Plantations_Edisto_Island%2C_South_Carolina
• "Records of the Assistant Commissioner for the State of South Carolina, Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands – Berwick Legare, Edisto Island." Smithsonian NMAAHC Freedmen’s Bureau Digital Records. https://nmaahc.si.edu/freedmens-bureau/record/fbs-1662423774659-1662426204172-3
• "Lowcountry Ghost Stories." South Carolina Lowcountry Tourism. https://southcarolinalowcountry.com/lowcountry-ghost-stories/
• "Old Churchyard Cemetery" brochure, Parish Church of St. Helena, Beaufort (PDF). https://irp-cdn.multiscreensite.com/09fbc323/files/uploaded/Churchyard%20Brochure-website.pdf
• "Gullah Geechee Cultural Heritage Corridor." National Park Service. https://www.nps.gov/places/gullah-geechee-cultural-heritage-corridor.htm
• "Port Royal Experiment." South Carolina Lowcountry Tourism. https://southcarolinalowcountry.com/beaufort-the-port-royal-experiment/
• "Emancipation Day: The Freed People of Port Royal." South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium.https://www.scseagrant.org/emancipation-day-the-freed-people-of-port-royal/

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

Join the Community on Patreon

Want more Southern Mysteries? You can hear the Southern Mysteries show archive of 60+ episodes along with Patron exclusive podcast, Audacious: Tales of American Crime and more when you become a patron of the show. You can immediately access exclusive content now at patreon.com/southernmysteries

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Episode Sources

• Arkansas Gazette (Little Rock, AR), 1924–1974
• Arkansas Democrat (Little Rock, AR), 1924–1954
• The Daily Oklahoman (Oklahoma City, OK), 1924–1954
• Tulsa Tribune (Tulsa, OK), 1924–1948
• Miami News-Record (Miami, OK), August 1946
• The Salinas Californian (Salinas, CA), 1953–1954
• The San Bernardino Sun (San Bernardino, CA), October–November 1974
• The Spokesman-Review (Spokane, WA), March 16, 1954
• Associated Press (AP) wire reports, 1924–1954
• Pulaski County Circuit Court records (Arkansas)
• Oklahoma criminal investigation records (Miami, OK)
• California Superior Court records (Salinas, CA), 1954
• Arkansas State Penitentiary records and parole files
• Oklahoma Department of Corrections records
• California Department of Corrections records
• U.S. Census records (1910, 1920, 1930, 1940)
• Marriage and divorce records for Winona Spriggs / Winona Green / Winnie Ola Freeman
• Death records for J.R. Green, Lena Green, Robert Sheldon Wilkinson, Harold Jonassen, and Winnie Ola Freeman
• Library of Congress, Chronicling America newspaper archive
• Newspapers.com archival database
• Ancestry.com historical records
• Unknown Misandry blog: “Winnie Ola Freeman (Winona Green): The Cat Woman” (2014)

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

Join the Community on Patreon:

Want more Southern Mysteries? You can hear the Southern Mysteries show archive of 60+ episodes along with Patron exclusive podcast, Audacious: Tales of American Crime and more when you become a patron of the show. You can immediately access exclusive content now at patreon.com/southernmysteries

🎧 Explore More Southern Mysteries

Visit SouthernMysteries.com for more episodes and source lists.

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Episode Sources

• Miller, Gene. 83 Hours Till Dawn. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1971.
• “FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives: Ruth Eisemann-Schier, 1969.” Federal Bureau of Investigation, Ten Most Wanted Program Archives.
• “Kidnapped Heiress Rescued from Buried Box.” The Miami Herald, December 21, 1968.
• “Barbara Mackle Found Alive.” The Atlanta Constitution, December 21, 1968.
• “Agents Seize Suspect in Mackle Kidnapping.” The Miami Herald, December 21–23, 1968.
• “Man Held in Heiress Kidnap Case.” The New York Times, December 22, 1968.
• “Girl in Box Case.” Los Angeles Times, December 22, 1968.
• “Suspect Caught in Marsh After Days on the Run.” Sun-Sentinel (Fort Lauderdale), December 1968.
• “Woman on FBI List Seized in Oklahoma.” The Oklahoman, February 8, 1969.
• United States v. Gary Steven Krist, U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, 1969.
• United States v. Ruth Eisemann-Schier, U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, 1969.
• FBI, Supplemental Case Report: Kidnapping of Barbara Jane Mackle, December 1968 (declassified portions).
• Jordan, C.D. “Account of the Mackle Kidnapping Rescue.” Interview, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, 1970.
• Associated Press. “Heiress Found Alive in Buried Box; Ransom Paid.” December 21, 1968.
• United Press International. “Search Intensifies for Kidnappers After Ransom Drop Fails.” December 1968.
• “Krist Granted Medical License Despite Record.” The Indianapolis News, July 23, 1985.
• U.S. Department of Justice. “South Florida Man Sentenced in Cocaine Trafficking Case.” DOJ Press Release, 2006.
• “Eisemann-Schier Paroled and Deported.” The Miami Herald, 1973.
• Emory Wheel (Emory University). “Student Kidnapped from Decatur Motel.” December 18–22, 1968 coverage.
• “The Mackle Kidnapping Revisited.” People Magazine (retrospective feature), 1998.
• “Buried Alive: The 1968 Abduction of Barbara Mackle.” CNN.com, Crime Retrospective Series, 2003.
• “83 Hours in the Earth.” CBS News Sunday Morning, archival retrospective segment.

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

Join the Community on Patreon:

Want more Southern Mysteries? You can hear the Southern Mysteries show archive of 60+ episodes along with Patron exclusive podcast, Audacious: Tales of American Crime and more when you become a patron of the show. You can immediately access exclusive content now at patreon.com/southernmysteries

🎧 Explore More Southern Mysteries

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Episode Sources

• Texas State Historical Association (TSHA) entry on "Diamond Bessie"
• Handbook of Texas Online
• Library of Congress Newspaper Archives
• “East Texas in the 1800s: Jefferson and the Murder of Diamond Bessie,” Jefferson Historical Society
• Oakwood Cemetery, Jefferson Texas burial records
• University of North Texas Portal to Texas History
• The Diamond Bessie Murder Trial – Jefferson Playhouse historical archives
• “The Jefferson Murders” — archived article from The Dallas Morning News
• East Texas Tales by Bob Bowman
• Chronicling America – Historical newspaper records (Library of Congress)
• Marshall, Texas Capitol Hotel registration archives (via local historical society)
• “Diamond Bessie Reenactment Keeps History Alive” — Texas Highways
• Ancestry records and obituaries (Watertown, NY) for Annie Stone / Bessie Moore
• Archives of the Rothschild family business in Cincinnati (local historical collections)

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

Join the Community on Patreon:

Want more Southern Mysteries? You can hear the Southern Mysteries show archive of 60+ episodes along with Patron exclusive podcast, Audacious: Tales of American Crime and more when you become a patron of the show. You can immediately access exclusive content now at patreon.com/southernmysteries

🎧 Explore More Southern Mysteries

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Episode Sources

• State v. Harrison, 146 N.C. 540 (1907) – Official North Carolina Supreme Court opinion detailing the 1907 conviction of Joshua T. Harrison for the kidnapping of Kenneth Beasley; includes procedural history, evidence summary, and court rulings.
• The News and Observer (Raleigh, N.C.), February 1905 – Original newspaper publication of the anonymous letter alleging a man seen with a crying boy in a buggy near Barco on the day Kenneth Beasley disappeared. 
• The Elizabeth City Economist (Elizabeth City, N.C.), March 1907 – Contemporary reporting on the Pasquotank County trial of Joshua Harrison; includes witness testimony summaries and public reaction to the guilty verdict. 
• The Norfolk Virginian-Pilot (Norfolk, Va.), September 1907 – Coverage of Joshua Harrison’s suicide at the Gladstone Hotel following the Supreme Court’s decision; includes mention of the suicide note claiming innocence. 
• The Richmond Times-Dispatch (Richmond, Va.), September 19, 1907 – Regional coverage of Harrison’s death and aftermath, quoting Senator Beasley’s reaction that Harrison “took his secret to the grave.”
• The Atlanta Georgian, September 1907 – Additional newspaper reporting on Harrison’s suicide, reprinting statements from North Carolina officials regarding the case outcome.
• Currituck County, North Carolina GenWeb Archives – Miscellaneous Newspaper Articles – Digitized transcriptions of early 20th-century reports on the Beasley case, including disappearance coverage, Harrison’s indictment, and excerpts from the Supreme Court opinion.
• Beach Glass Books – The Senator’s Son: The Shocking Disappearance of Kenneth Beasley, and the Trials of Joshua Harrison by Charles Oldham (2018) – Modern historical investigation into the case; draws from court records, newspaper archives, and local oral history.
• Most Notorious Podcast – Interview with Charles Oldham (December 7, 2023) – Discussion of the Beasley disappearance and Harrison’s trial; includes historical context on Currituck County politics and the culture of the early 1900s.
• Strange Company Blog – “Where is Kenneth Beasley?” (January 6, 2020) – Summary of the case using verified newspaper accounts; cites the News and Observer letter and the 1907 court proceedings.
• Find a Grave – Senator Samuel Mordecai Beasley (1863–1910) – Burial information and biographical details confirming Beasley’s death in Norfolk, Virginia.
• Find a Grave – Joshua Thomas Harrison (1839–1907) – Burial and genealogical data, confirming Harrison’s identity, family connections, and date of death.
• Currituck County Historical Society Records – Local archival notes and oral tradition references to the Beasley disappearance; confirm the location of Poplar Branch schoolhouse and family properties.
• North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources – State Archives, Raleigh – Holding references for Beasley and Harrison court and legislative documents, including the 1906–1907 Currituck Superior Court docket entries.
• U.S. Census Records, Currituck County (1900 & 1910) – Verification of Beasley and Harrison family members, occupations, and ages.
• Elmwood Cemetery Records (Norfolk, Virginia) – Burial registry confirming interment of Senator Samuel M. Beasley, 1910.

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

Join the Community on Patreon:

Want more Southern Mysteries? You can hear the Southern Mysteries show archive of 60+ episodes along with Patron exclusive podcast, Audacious: Tales of American Crime and more when you become a patron of the show. You can immediately access exclusive content now at patreon.com/southernmysteries

🎧 Explore More Southern Mysteries

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Episode Sources

• Anderson, Jeffery E. Conjure in African American Society. Louisiana State University Press, 2005.
• American Folklife Center, Library of Congress — regional oral history collections on conjure, hoodoo, and midwifery.
• Anniston Hot Blast and Birmingham Age-Herald (Alabama newspapers), 1880s witchcraft coverage.
• Deep South Magazine. “Julia ‘Aunt Julie’ Brown: Debunking Her Voodoo Priestess Mythos.”
• Encyclopedia of Louisiana. “Marie Laveau.” Louisiana Endowment for the Humanities.
• Encyclopedia Virginia. “Sherwood, Grace (ca. 1660–1740).”
• Federal Writers’ Project. South Carolina Slave Narratives. Library of Congress, 1938.
• Ferry Plantation House Museum archives, Virginia Beach, Virginia. Fett, Sharla M. Working Cures: Healing, Health, and Power on Southern Slave Plantations. University of North Carolina Press, 2002.
• Foxfire 2: Houses and Appalachian Traditions. Edited by Eliot Wigginton. Anchor Books, 1973.
• Historic New Orleans Collection. “Julia Brown: Hoodoo, Hurricanes, and a Storm-Swamped Ruddock.”
• L’Observateur (St. John the Baptist Parish, Louisiana). “Voodoo Queen and Forces Unseen.”
• Library of Virginia. “The Case of Grace Sherwood, 1706.” Princess Anne County Court Records.
• Louisiana State Museum archives, St. Louis Cemetery No. 1, New Orleans, Louisiana.
• Long, Carolyn Morrow. A New Orleans Voudou Priestess: The Legend and Reality of Marie Laveau. University Press of Florida, 2006.
• Martha Ward. Voodoo Queen: The Spirited Lives of Marie Laveau. University Press of Mississippi, 2004.
• McTeer, J.E. Fifty Years as a Low Country Witch Doctor. University of South Carolina Press, 1971.
• Mental Floss. “The Legend and Truth of the Voodoo Priestess Who Haunts a Louisiana Swamp.”
• Milnes, Gerald. Signs, Cures, and Witchery: German Appalachian Folklore. University of Tennessee Press, 2007.
• National Park Service. “Marie Laveau’s Tomb – St. Louis Cemetery No. 1.”
• Norton, Mary Beth. In the Devil’s Snare: The Salem Witchcraft Crisis of 1692. Vintage Books, 2003.
• Princess Anne County Order Book, 1695–1709. Virginia State Library microfilm collection.
• Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage. “Granny Women: Healers of the Southern Appalachians.”
• South Carolina Encyclopedia. “Dr. Buzzard.”
• South Magazine. “Lowcountry Root Doctors.”
• The State (Columbia, South Carolina). “In the mid-20th century, even the county sheriff was a witch doctor.”
• Swannanoa Valley Museum. “Mary Stepp Burnette Hayden: Midwife and Healer of Western North Carolina.”
• The St. John the Baptist Pioneer, October 1915, hurricane coverage.
• The Times-Picayune (New Orleans), October 1–3, 1915, storm and casualty reports; obituary, June 17, 1881.
• Virginia Memory, Library of Virginia. “Good Witch or Bad Witch? The Grace Sherwood Trial and Pardon.”
• Ward, Martha. Voodoo Queen: The Spirited Lives of Marie Laveau. University Press of Mississippi, 2004.
• Western Carolina University Digital Humanities Project. “Midwives and the Medicalization of Birth in Appalachia.”
• Wikipedia (used for verification of geography and storm data): “Frenier, Louisiana” and “1915 New Orleans Hurricane.”
• Wigginton, Eliot, ed. Foxfire 2: Houses and Appalachian Traditions. Anchor Books, 1973.

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• The Savannah Morning News (Oct–Dec 1872) – Coverage of the Surrency disturbances
• The Atlanta Constitution (Nov 1872–Jan 1873) – Reports on the “Surrency Mystery”
• The Augusta Chronicle (Oct 1872) – Editorial accounts of the Surrency haunting
• The New York Times (Dec 4 1872) – “Spiritual Manifestations in Georgia”
• The Albany Patriot – Reprinted witness letters and commentary, 1872
• The Philadelphia Inquirer (1872–1873) – Syndicated reports on the haunting
• Harper’s Weekly (1873) – “Poltergeists and the Marvels of Surrency”
• John W. Truesdell, The Bottom Facts Concerning the Science of Spiritualism (1873)
• The Boston Globe (1872–1873) – Reports on Charles H. Foster
• Georgia Historical Quarterly Vol. 47 (1963) – “The Surrency Ghost: A Georgia Poltergeist Reexamined”
• The Georgia Encyclopedia – Entry on Surrency, Appling County
• Alan Brown, Haunted Georgia: Ghosts and Strange Phenomena of the Peach State (2008)
• Charles Elliott, Strange Tales of the South: Haunted Houses and Ghost Legends (1974)
• Dennis William Hauck, Haunted Places: The National Directory (2002)
• Jim Miles, Haunted South Georgia (2017)
• J. Michael Norman, Spirits of the Southeast (2010)
• Rosemary Ellen Guiley, The Encyclopedia of Ghosts and Spirits, 3rd Ed. (2007)
• Tiya Miles, Phantoms of the Past: The American South and the Supernatural (2021)
• Alan Gauld & A.D. Cornell, Psychical Research and the Poltergeist (1979)
• Michael Norman & Beth Scott, Haunted America (1988)
• Nancy Roberts, Haunted Houses: Tales from the American South (1972)
• Jim Miles, Haunted Georgia: Ghosts and Legends of the Peach State (2010)
• Randy Russell & Janet Barnett, Spirits of the South: Ghost Stories of Georgia, Alabama and Mississippi (2000)
• Alan Dundes, Dictionary of American Folklore (1993)
• William G. Roll, The Poltergeist Phenomenon (2012)
• Nancy Roberts, Haunted Houses: Where Ghosts Still Roam (1979)
• Kathryn Tucker Windham, Southern Spirits: Tales of the Supernatural from the Deep South (1983)
• Ann Braude, The American Spiritualist Movement, 1848–1920 (2001)
• Muriel V. Murphree, Mysteries and Legends of Georgia (2009)
• Georgia Public Broadcasting (2021) – “The Surrency Poltergeist: Georgia’s Most Documented Haunting”
• Georgia Archives – Appling County records and land grants, Allen P. Surrency estate (1870s–1880s)
• U.S. Census Records – Appling County, Georgia (1870–1880)
• Library of Congress Chronicling America – Digitized newspaper archives, 1872–1873
• Frank Podmore, The Poltergeist in History (1896)
• American Hauntings Podcast, Season 4, Episode 14 – “The Surrency Ghost”
• Beast of Bladenboro – “The Surrency Haunting: Georgia’s Most Infamous Poltergeist”
• Otherworldly Oracle – “The Surrency Ghosts: True Terrifying Tales of Haunted Georgia”
• PANICd.com – “ParaPedia: The Surrency Family Poltergeist”
• US Ghost Adventures – “The Poltergeist of Phelps Mansion”
• Paranormal Research Society of New England – “Phelps Mansion”
• American Hauntings Ink – “The Stratford Poltergeist”

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs – Bivouac of the Dead poem and history
• Emerging Civil War – “Bivouacs of the Dead” and its legacy on battlefields
• Wikipedia – Theodore O’Hara biography and authorship of Bivouac of the Dead
• National Park Service – Shiloh National Military Park history and visitor resources
• American Battlefield Trust – Battle of Shiloh Overview
• National Park Service – Battle of Stones River history and maps
• Murfreesboro Historical Association – Legends of the Headless Horseman of Stones River
• Find a Grave / Military Memorials – Lt. Col. Julius Peter Garesché burial and biographical record
• National Park Service – Battle of Franklin: Carter House and Lotz House history
• Battle of Franklin Trust – Carnton Plantation and the McGavock Confederate Cemetery
• Tennessee Encyclopedia – Carrie McGavock, “Widow of the South”
• American Battlefield Trust – Battle of Franklin Overview
• National Park Service – Vicksburg National Military Park history
• National Park Service – The Shirley House and the Siege of Vicksburg
• Library of Congress – Civil War Diaries: Emma Balfour of Vicksburg
• American Battlefield Trust – Battle of Vicksburg Summary
• Encyclopedia of Alabama – Fort Morgan: History and Civil War significance
• Alabama Historical Commission – Fort Morgan Historic Site visitor and preservation info
• Legends of America – Ghosts of Fort Morgan, Alabama
• Alabama News Center – Fort Morgan’s haunted reputation and legends
• National Park Service – Fort Monroe National Monument history
• Encyclopedia Virginia – Fort Monroe during the Civil War and the “Contraband Decision”
• Fort Monroe Authority – Historic resources and preservation efforts
• American Battlefield Trust – Fort Monroe overview and historical context
• Virginia Department of Historic Resources – Fort Monroe National Historic Landmark documentation

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• Associated Press coverage, April 1962 — “Twin Sisters Die Together in Asylum.”
• Winston-Salem Journal, April 1962 (coverage of coroner Dr. John C. Reece’s statements).
• Morganton News Herald, April 1971 coverage of Dr. Paul Douglas Boyles and Betty Cheek Yarborough.
• Associated Press regional wire, April 14–15, 1971.
• Find a Grave – Betty Jo Eller & Bobbie Jean Eller memorials.
• Southern Spirit Guide: “Ill Defined and Unknown Cause of Morbidity and Mortality.”
• Asheville Terrors: “Broughton Hospital.”
• Schoen, Johanna. Choice and Coercion: Birth Control, Sterilization, and Abortion in Public Health and Welfare. University of North Carolina Press, 2005.
• Segrest, Mab. Administrations of Lunacy: Racism and the Haunting of American Psychiatry at the Milledgeville Asylum. New Press, 2020.
• Pennsylvania Hospital Archives – Dr. Thomas Story Kirkbride papers.
• Grob, Gerald N. The Mad Among Us: A History of the Care of America’s Mentally Ill. Harvard University Press, 1994.
• Yanni, Carla. The Architecture of Madness: Insane Asylums in the United States. University of Minnesota Press, 2007.
• “Central State Hospital Cemetery Restoration Project.” Georgia Department of Behavioral Health & Developmental Disabilities.
• Atlanta Journal-Constitution archival coverage on Central State Hospital.
• The Crimson White (University of Alabama student paper):
  • “The Hidden History Behind Bryce Hospital” (2023).
  • “Bryce Uncovered: A Look at the Asylum’s Short-Lived Newspaper” (2017).
• Wyatt v. Stickney, 325 F. Supp. 781 (M.D. Ala. 1971).
• Alabama Department of Mental Health archives.
• HauntedPlaces.org – “Bryce Hospital.”
• Ghost Hunts USA – “Bryce Hospital.”
• Ghost City Tours – “Central State Hospital.”
• US Ghost Adventures – “Central State Hospital.”
• UNC–Chapel Hill Southern Oral History Program — Junius Wilson case archives.
• News & Observer (Raleigh) coverage of Junius Wilson’s release and life, 1990s–2000s.

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• New Orleans Public Library – Records of the Board of Police Commissioners, 1890–1891 (detailing Hennessy’s murder, police leadership changes, and subsequent arrests).
• Library of Congress – Historic photographs of New Orleans docks and immigrant labor, 1891.
• Smithsonian Magazine – “New Orleans Apologizes for 1891 Lynching of Italian Americans” (April 2019).
• History.com – “The Grisly Story of America’s Largest Lynching” (2019).
• American Italian Cultural Center, New Orleans – Archival material on Italian immigration and the 2019 mayoral apology.
• New Orleans Times-Democrat, October 1890–March 1891 coverage (contemporary reporting on Hennessy’s murder, the trial, and the mob attack).
• United States Department of State – Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, 1891 (diplomatic correspondence with Italy following the lynchings).
• Reimagining Migration – “The Lynching of Italian Immigrants” (educational resource on anti-immigrant violence).
• Order Sons & Daughters of Italy in America (OSDIA) – The 1891 New Orleans Project (materials on commemoration and memorial efforts).
• John V. Baiamonte Jr. – “The Mafia and the 1891 New Orleans Lynching: The Question of Criminal Conspiracy” (Louisiana History: The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association, Vol. 21, No. 3, 1980).
• Italian Sons and Daughters of America – “Our Darkest Hour: Anarchy, a Lynch Mob and 11 Souls Lost.”
• All That’s Interesting – “The Tragic Story of the 1891 New Orleans’ Lynchings of Italians.”

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• Palm Beach Bar Association. Memorial Resolution for Judge Curtis E. Chillingworth. (1965) palmbeachbar.org
• Florida Memory. Justice Curtis E. Chillingworth Temporary Appointment Bio. floridamemory.com
• The Charley Project. Curtis Eugene Chillingworth Case File. charleyproject.org
• The Charley Project. Marjorie McKinley Chillingworth Case File. charleyproject.org
• Crime + Investigation UK. Judge Joe Peel and the Chillingworth Murders. crimeandinvestigation.co.uk
• The Coastal Star. Manalapan 60 Years On: Chillingworth Murders Still Shocking. thecoastalstar.com
• Mental Floss. What Happened to Judge Curtis Chillingworth? mentalfloss.com
• Town of Manalapan. History of Incorporation and Harold S. Vanderbilt. manalapan.org
• Wikipedia. Curtis Chillingworth. wikipedia.org/wiki/Curtis_Chillingworth
• Unlikely Friends — A municipal publication from Jupiter, FL, describing the unlikely friendship between Judge Curtis Chillingworth and Vincent “Trapper” Nelson.https://www.jupiter.fl.us/DocumentCenter/View/301/Judge-Chillingworth-Murder

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

This episode of Southern Mysteries unravels the tragic life and violent death of Ada Drury Converse. From a difficult upbringing and early motherhood to a string of marriages and financial success, Ada's life was marked by struggle—and, ultimately, betrayal.

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Episode Sources

• Feb 20, 1922 – Selma Woman Killed by Husband, Uncle Charges. The Selma Times-Journal, Page 1 – Newspapers.com
• Feb 23, 1922 – Sons of Mrs. Ada Drury Converse Held on Questioning of Death. The Montgomery Advertiser, Page 3 – Newspapers.com
• Feb 23, 1922 – Converse Held in Houston in Copiah Murder. Jackson Daily News, Page 1 – Newspapers.com
• Feb 26, 1922 – Mrs. Converse Wrote to Son Since Arrest. The Selma Times-Journal, Page 1 – Newspapers.com
• Mar 01, 1922 –  Sheriff Confident Milton Drury Killed His Mother. The Selma Times-Journal, Page 1 – Newspapers.com
• May 13, 1922 – Milton Drury Please Guilty to Murder of Mother. The Montgomery Advertiser, Page 1 – Newspapers.com
• May 19, 1922 – Drury Says Pleaded Guilty to Avoid Hangman’s Noose The Winona Times, Page 1 – Newspapers.com
• Sep 15, 1933 – Infamous Copiah Murderer Once Again at Liberty. Clarion-Ledger, Page 1 – Newspapers.com
• Sep 20, 1933 – Normal People Won’t Waste Sympathy on this Convict. Clarion-Ledger, Page 6 – Newspapers.com

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• Maud Robinson Crawford – Encyclopedia of Arkansas
• Clyde Falwell Crawford (1894–1969) – Find a Grave Memorial
• Maud Robinson Crawford (1891-1957) - Find a Grave Memorial
• Maud R. Crawford (1891–1957) – Arkansas Women's Hall of Fame
• Maud Robinson Crawford – The Charley Project
• Cold Case, Southwest Arkansas: A Look at Two Unsolved Cases in the Region – [Arkansas True Crime Blog or Archive Source] “The Disappearance of Maud Crawford” – YouTube
• Small Town’s Biggest Secret: Author Says Arkansas Woman’s 1957 Disappearance Is Full of Corruption – KLRT FOX16
• The Disappearance of Maud Crawford. Beth Brickell. https://www.amazon.com/Disappearance-Maud-Crawford-Beth-Brickell/dp/1628909587

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• Four Found Slain in Warren. The Nashville Tennessean, March 28, 1955.
• 4 Found Slain in Warren; Murder Suspect is Jailed. Chattanooga Daily Times, March 28, 1955.
• Young Tennessee Farmer Confesses Brutal Slayings. Bristol Herald Courier, March 29, 1955.
• Warren July Called in Death. The Nashville Tennessean. March 30, 1955. 
• Gibbs Indicted in Warren Deaths. The Nashville Banner. April 2, 1955.
• Slayer of Four is Ordered to Asylum for Observation. Chattanooga Times, April 2, 1955.
• Trial on May 10 for Billy Gibbs. Chattanooga Times, May 3, 1955.
• Gibbs Blames Four Slayings on Drinking. Nashville Banner, May 25, 1955. 
• Billy Gibbs Dies in Electric Chair, Confessed Slayer of 4 in Warren. Chattanooga Times, May 7, 1957
• Find A Grave. Henry Bratcher. Retrieved from https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/33581745/henry-bratcher
• Find A Grave. Vassie Fields Bratcher. Retrieved from https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/33581724/vassie-bratcher
• Find A Grave. Lily May Bratcher. Retrieved from https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/33581700/lily_may-bratcher 
• Find a Grave. Billy Thomas Gibbs. Retrieved from https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/136592059/billy_thomas-gibbs

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• “Sex, Scandal, and Suffrage in the Gilded Age.” The Historian: A Journal of History, vol. 42, no. 2, Feb. 1980, pp. 225-243. Lexington, Fayette. The Celebrated Case of Col. W. C. P. Breckinridge and Madeline Pollard. Chicago: Current Events Publishing, 1894.
• Ross, Shelley. Fall from Grace: Sex, Scandal, and Corruption in American Politics from 1702 to the Present. New York: Ballantine Books, 1988.
• “William Breckinridge Breach of Promise Trial, 1894.” Encyclopedia.com, 
• “Madeline Pollard and the Gilded Age’s #MeToo Moment.” Wednesdays Women,
• “The Fall of Louise of Breckinridge.” StrangeCo, 13 Apr. 2017,

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• The Mallard Murder Case – New Georgia Encyclopedia
• Amy Mallard Photo – New Georgia Encyclopedia
• “Just Another Killing” – TIME Archive (1948)
• Original TIME Magazine Report (1948)
• Strange Fruit and Spanish Moss – Blog post on Robert Mallard (2016)
• The Atlanta Constitution – Nov. 29, 1948
• The Macon News – Dec. 2, 1948
• The Atlanta Constitution – Dec. 10, 1948
• The Macon News – Dec. 11, 1948
• The Atlanta Journal – Dec. 11, 1948
• The Macon News – Dec. 13, 1948
• The Atlanta Constitution – Dec. 14, 1948
• The Macon News – Dec. 15, 1948
• The Atlanta Constitution – Jan. 12, 1949
• The Macon News – Jan. 12, 1949
• The Atlanta Constitution – Jan. 13, 1949
• The Atlanta Journal – Jan. 13, 1949
• The Atlanta Constitution – Jan. 14, 1949
• The Atlanta Constitution – Jan. 15, 1949
• The Atlanta Constitution – Jan. 15, 1949 (cont’d)
• The Atlanta Constitution – Jan. 16, 1949
• The Atlanta Constitution – Jan. 17, 1949
• The Atlanta Journal – Jan. 17, 1949
• The Atlanta Constitution – Jan. 18, 1949
• The Atlanta Constitution – Jan. 19, 1949

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• “Meet Lady Wonder, the Psychic Horse Who Appeared Twice in LIFE.” LIFE Magazine retrospective. Life.com
• “Lady Wonder: The Psychic Horse.” Strange Company Blog by Undine, May 2016. strangeco.blogspot.com
• Newspaper Archives via Newspapers.com: Roanoke Times, March 1957 – Obituary and public reaction to Lady’s death; The Knoxville News-Sentinel, 1952 – Reports on Lady’s police involvement; Richmond Times-Dispatch, 1948 – Coverage on Lady’s election predictions; Evening Star (Washington, D.C.), feature on John Scarne’s skepticism.

• Find a Grave Memorial – Claudia Fonda  findagrave.com
• The Story of Beautiful Jim Key by David Hoffman (public domain archive)  Internet Archive
• Jim Key Digital Archive – Missouri State Library Missouri Digital Heritage
• State Symbols – Missouri Wonder Dog and Related Animal Curiosities sos.mo.gov

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Connect

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Episode Sources

• Roth, Mitchell P. Man with the Killer Smile: The Life and Crimes of a Serial Mass Murderer. University of North Texas Press, 2023. Available on Amazon
• Roth, Mitchell P. Interview. PBS: The Bookmark, November 9, 2023. Watch the Interview
• “Texas Farmer Dying After 9 Bodies Found.” The Decatur Daily, December 24, 1926. View Article
• “Hassell, Leaving Death Cell, Advises Women Read Writings of Paul.” The Austin American, April 7, 1927. View Article
• Hassell v. State, 107 Tex. Crim. 541, 298 S.W. 293 (Tex. Crim. App. 1927). Read Case Summary
• “Hasell Electrocuted Early Friday at Huntsville.” The Huntsville Times, February 10, 1928. View Article
• “George J. Hassell’s Murderous Ways.” Texas Genealogy Trails. Read Article
• “Death House Slayings Gain Attention.” Whittier Daily News, August 30, 2017. Read Article

Find a Grave Memorials:

• George Jefferson Hassell
• Susan Frances “Susie” Ferguson Hassell
• Thomas Virgil Hassell

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

🎧 All four episodes are now available. You can binge the entire series today.

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◼️ Music: Out of the Mines and Devouring the Whole, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina

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🎤 Southern Mysteries Podcast returns to our regular, bimonthly release of new episodes on Monday, June 9. Make sure you follow the show where you're listening so you never miss a new episode.

🎧 All four episodes are now available. You can binge the entire series today.

🔍 Full source list available at southernmysteries.com

◼️ Music: Out of the Mines and Devouring the Whole, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina

💛 Join Southern Mysteries on Patreon for access to Ad-free Episodes, the show archive and bonus content. “Much Obliged" tier members access more including the patron exclusive podcast Audacious: patreon.com/southernmysteries

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🎧 All four episodes are now available. You can binge the entire series today.

🔍 Full source list available at southernmysteries.com

◼️ Music: Out of the Mines and Devouring the Whole, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina

💛 Join Southern Mysteries on Patreon for access to Ad-free Episodes, the show archive and bonus content. “Much Obliged" tier members access more including the patron exclusive podcast Audacious: patreon.com/southernmysteries

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In this first episode of Mystery on Montford Avenue, we explore the life of Mary Cooper, the atmosphere of 1920s Asheville, and the troubling details that began to surface after her death. What really happened on Montford Avenue that spring night?

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🔍 Full source list available at southernmysteries.com

◼️ Music: Out of the Mines and Devouring the Whole, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina

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Episode Sources

• "Elephant Parade Erwin 2018." Elephant Parade. https://www.elephantparade.com/parades/erwin-2018
• "From the Circus Train Wreck to the Man o’ War: History of the Railroad in Columbus (Part 3 of 3)." Historic Columbus. https://www.historiccolumbus.com/post/from-the-circus-train-wreck-to-the-man-o-war-history-of-the-railroad-in-columbus-part-3-of-3
• "Mary the Elephant Hanging: 100 Years Later." WBIR-TV Knoxville. https://www.wbir.com/article/news/local/mary-the-elephant-hanging-100-years-later/51-ee92f081-718d-4da6-bb6d-8be8dbe2b8b6
• The Tennessean, via Newspapers.com. Image of article on Black Diamond the elephant. https://www.newspapers.com/image/385756327/?match=1&terms=black%20diamond%20elephant
• The Daily Times (Maryville, Tennessee), via Newspapers.com. https://www.newspapers.com/image/898209095/
• "Clyde Beatty." Circuses and Sideshows. https://www.circusesandsideshows.com/owners/clydebeatty.html
• "Elephant Hotel Historical Marker." Explore PA History. https://explorepahistory.com/hmarker.php?markerId=1-A-1DB
• Wikipedia contributors. Various entries on Mary the Elephant, Black Diamond, and circus history. Wikipedia. https://www.wikipedia.org
• "Execution of Mary the Elephant." WHSV-TV. https://www.whsv.com
• Aine Norris. Circus history articles. AineNorris.info. https://www.ainenorris.info

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina

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Episode Sources

• The Times: Former Shreveport Girl to Face jury for Lake Charles Slaying, March 24, 1940
• The News Star: Toni Jo Henry is denied new trial, May 25, 1942
• The Atlanta Journal: Woman Slayer, Awaiting death in chair, wisecracks over fate, August 4, 1942
• The Town Talk: High Court denies stay of execution for Toni Jo Henry, November 4, 1942
• Shreveport Journal: Toni Jo Henry Executed, November 28, 1942
• Del Rio News Herald: Kin of Toni Jo Henry Claim body for burial, November 30, 1942
• The DeQuincy News: Burks to follow Toni Jo to chair, High Court rules, December 4, 1942
• Greenville News: Trip of Death Ends as Burks electrocuted, March 24, 1943
• State v. Henry, 196 La. 217, 198 So. 910 (La. 1940)
• M. Watt Espy Papers: Documentation for the execution of Harold Burks, Toni Henry, 1943-03-23
• Harold Burks executed on 1943-03-23 in Louisiana (LA); Toni Henry executed on 1942-11-28 in Louisiana (LA)
• Find A Grave: Joseph Prince “Joe” Calloway
• Find A Grave: Claude David “Cowboy” Henry
• Find A Grave: Toni Jo Henry/Annie Beatrice McQuiston
• Nola Mae Ross: Crimes of the Past in South Louisiana, 2004

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• National Park Service: Cold Cases, Thelma Pauline "Polly" Melton
• NamUs: #MP14284, Thelma Pauline Melton
• Asheville Citizen-Times: Dogs Are Unable to Find Lost Hiker, September 28, 1981
• The Knoxville Sentinel News: Search for Hiker Eases: Rangers feel woman no longer in park, October 1, 1981
• Winston Salem Journal: Search for hiker continues, October 1, 1981
• The Charlotte Observer: Female Hiker, 58, still missing in Smokie, October 1, 1981
• Asheville Citizen-Times: Organized Search ends for missing woman, October 6, 1981
• The Charlotte Observer: Terror is when a loved one vanishes in the mountains, November 20, 1981
• Asheville Times: Disappearance Still A Mystery, December 24, 1981
• The Charlotte Observer: Mystery not solved but ending, July 3, 1991
• Find A Grave: Pauline “Polly” McAllister Melton
• 10 News: Appalachian Unsolved: Polly Melton Missing in the Smokies, December 8, 2017
• Investigating Agency: Tennessee Bureau of Investigation 615-744-4000

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• Carver v. State, 101 Fla. 1421, 134 So. 62 (Fla. 1931)
• Criminal Genealogy. (2020, November). William Raymond Carver Murder. Retrieved from Criminal Genealogy Blog
• The Orlando Sentinel. (1930, April 4). 1st Degree Murder Warrant for Carver. Retrieved from Newspapers.com
• The Orlando Sentinel. (1930, April 5). More About Wife. Retrieved from Newspapers.com
• The Orlando Sentinel. (1930, April 6). Cleared by Grand Jury but Being Appealed. Retrieved from Newspapers.com
• The Orlando Sentinel. (1930, April 7). Life Insurance Policy. Retrieved from Newspapers.com
• The Orlando Sentinel. (1930, April 15). Defense Obtains 30 Day Delay in Case. Retrieved from Newspapers.com
• The Orlando Sentinel. (1930, May 12). Carver Placed on Trial - Court Packed. Retrieved from Newspapers.com
• The Orlando Evening Star. (1930, May 14). Jury Tours Crime Scene. Retrieved from Newspapers.com
• The Orlando Sentinel. (1930, May 18). Defense Fights for Carver’s Life…He Testifies at Trial. Retrieved from Newspapers.com
• The Orlando Sentinel. (1930, May 19). Hatchet Shown in Court. Retrieved from Newspapers.com
• The Orlando Sentinel. (1930, May 21). Found Guilty - Motive Was $1000 Life Insurance Policy. Retrieved from Newspapers.com
• The Orlando Sentinel. (1930, May 24). Carver Asks for 2nd Trial. Retrieved from Newspapers.com
• The Orlando Sentinel. (1930, June). Last Chance Plea for New Trial (Details of Juror Who Was in Carver Home on Afternoon of Murders!) Retrieved from Newspapers.com
• Find A Grave. Frances Louise Van Midde. Retrieved from Find A Grave
• Find A Grave. Lee Townsend Carver. Retrieved from Find A Grave
• Find A Grave. Ruth Emilie Carver. Retrieved from Find A Grave

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• Berry, Stephen. House of Abraham: Lincoln and the Todds, a Family Divided by War. Houghton Mifflin, 2007.
• Susannah J. Ural (2/26/2025) The War In Their Words: I Do Not Think of Peace. HistoryNet Retrieved from https://www.historynet.com/war-words-not-peace/.
• Gaton, K.B. (2010). Family Divided: The Todd Sisters Living in Selma During The American Civil War.University of Georgia.
• "Find a Grave", database, Find a Grave (http://www.findagrave.com : accessed 3 February 2025), memorial page for Nathaniel Henry Rhodes Dawson (1829-189)
• "Find a Grave", database, Find a Grave (http://www.findagrave.com : accessed 3 February 2025), memorial page for Elodie Breck Todd Dawson (1840-1877)
• "Find a Grave", database, Find a Grave (http://www.findagrave.com : accessed 3 February 2025), memorial page for Martha Todd White (1833-1868)
• Life in Civil War America. National Park Service, Civil War Service. Retrieved from https://npshistory.com/publications/civil_war_series/4/sec1.htm 
• Scots in the American Civil War. James and Alexander Campbell: Brother against Brother at Secessionville. Retrieved from https://www.acwscots.co.uk/campbell.htm
• Feinauer, J.J. (4/20/2015) Brother against brother: The legacy of divided families during the civil war. Daily American. Retrieved from https://www.dailyamerican.com/story/lifestyle/family/2015/04/10/brother-against-brother-the-legacy-of-divided-families-during-the-civil-wa/116323338/

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

Want more Southern Mysteries? 

Hear the Southern Mysteries show archive of 60+ episodes along with Patron exclusive podcast, Audacious: Tales of American Crime and more when you become a patron of the show. You can immediately access exclusive content now at patreon.com/southernmysteries

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Episode Sources

• Fort Worth Star-Telegram: San Antonio Broker’s Hearing Here April 17, April 11, 1947
• Shamokin News-Dispatch: Girl Identifies Texas Physician as Slayer of Four, May 25,1947
• Valley Morning Star: Arraignment of Dr. Ross In Killing of W. York Postponed. May 27, 1947
• Corpus Christi Caller-Times: SEC Drops Action Against Broker Willard H. York, June 24, 1947
• The Tribune: Venue Change Given in York Murder Trial, September 13, 1947
• Corsicana Daily Sun: Girl Survivor of Shooting Says Dr. Ross Slayer of 4, October 16, 1947
• Fort Worth Star-Telegram: State Rests Its Case at Ross Trial, October 17, 1947
• Fort Worth Star-Telegram: Ross ‘Scared’ Her, Patient Tells Court, October 18, 1947
• The Tyler Courier-Times: Ross’ Claim Money Taken is Revealed, Oct 19, 1947
• Corsicana Semi-Weekly Light: Other Doctors Tell Jury Ross “Insane” on Shooting Date, Oct 21, 1947
• Lubbock Morning Avalanche: Ross is Given Death Penalty for Slaying, October 24, 1947
• The Salem News: Rule Doctor in Murder is Insane, June 17, 1949
• The Brownsville Herald: Court Affirms Damages to York Family, June 19, 1950
• Fort Worth Star-Telegram: Doctor Denied Writ of Error, October 5, 1950
• Lubbock Morning Avalanche: Board Allows Death Sentence to Stand for Dr. Lloyd Ross, August 7, 1957
• Case Text: Ross v. York, 233 S.W.2d 347 (Tex. Civ. App. 1950)
• Daily News: JUSTICE STORY: Betrayal at the hands of Dr. Death, March 21, 2020
• History.com: SEC: Securities and Exchange Commission
• FindAGrave.com: Dr. Lloyd I. Ross
• FindAGrave.com: Gertrude Ann York

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• New York Times: Shackled to Bed, Man Gets Free Kills Captor, March 9, 1924
• New York Times: Slayer of Heaton Cleare; Coroner's Jury Finds Killing Justifiable to Escape Mutilation, March 15,1924
• Paducah News-Democrat: Gates freed of murder charge, March 16, 1924
• Florence Morning News: Gates admit visit with Heaton to Lake City, March 16,1924
• The Winchester Sun: Gates arrested after freedom on new warrant, March 17, 1924
• The Owensboro Messenger: Gates is held on fugitive charge, March 18, 1924
• The Frankfort State Journal: Gates Tells of Trips to Texas and South, April 9, 1924
• The Louisiana Herald: Lake City Expecting William Gates, April 24, 1924
• The Lousiville Courier-Journal: Gates Bares Torture Plot Details; Hidden Pistol Saved Victim From Heaton;, March 10, 1924
• The Louisville Courier-Journal: Frank Cordell on Trial, April 9, 1924
• Historical Crime Detective: The Torture House 1924
• FindAGrave.com: Richard Hartwell Heaton
• FindAGrave.com: Mary Leahy Wiesen Heaton

Episode Music Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

Want more Southern Mysteries? 

Hear the Southern Mysteries show archive of 60+ episodes along with Patron exclusive podcast, Audacious: Tales of American Crime, and more when you patronize the show. You can immediately access exclusive content now at patreon.com/southernmysteries

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Episode Sources

• The Commercial Appeal: Mystery Surrounds Tennessee Murders, Feb 6, 1940
• Knoxville Sentinel-Times: Hint Murder Tale Not Yet Told, Feb 7, 1940
• Knoxville Sentinel-Times: Oliver Springs Divided Over Theories of Sisters’ Slayings, Feb 8, 1940 
• The Knoxville Journal: Sheriff Offers Slaying Case Reward, Feb 8, 1940
• The Knoxville Journal: Jurors reject Murder-Suicide Theory, Feb 14, 1940
• The Knoxville Journal: Slain Sisters Cousin was Mysteriously Killed, Feb 18, 1940
• Oliver Springs Historical Society: Historical Timeline of Oliver Springs
• Oliver Springs Historical Society Newsletter: The Richards Sisters Murders
• The Tennessean: Clearing of suspect deepens 60 year old mystery, January 27, 2001
• Seattle PI: The cousin did it, investigator says, November 15, 2001
• WBIR 10 News: Appalachian Unsolved: Murder in the mansion, May 22, 2023

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

Want more Southern Mysteries? 

Hear the Southern Mysteries show archive of 60+ episodes along with Patron exclusive podcast, Audacious: Tales of American Crime and more when you become a patron of the show. You can immediately access exclusive content now at patreon.com/southernmysteries

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Episode Sources

• Greensboro Daily News: Stokes Farmer Murders Family, Dec 26, 1929
• Greensboro Daily News: Victims to be Buried in Single Grave, Dec 27, 1929
• Statesville Record and Landmark: Only One Member of Family of 9 Left, Dec 30, 1929
• The Sentinel: No Report on Brain of Charlie Lawson, Jan 7, 1930
• Statesville Record: Commercializing the Lawson Home, Feb 3, 1930
• PlanetSlade: So hard to die: Murder of the Lawson Family
• Murderpedia: Charles Davis Lawson
• CLEWS: Christmas Murders and the Lawson Family Massacre, December 2006
• M. Bruce Jones with Trudy Smith: White Christmas, Bloody Christmas, 1990.
• Trudy Smith: The Meaning of Our Tears

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• Scott County Historical Society: Kinnie Wagner, Scott County's Notorious Outlaw
• Murderpedia: William Kenneth “Kinnie” Wagner
• The Paris News: Bad Man of 15 Years Has Escaped Again, November 1, 1940 
• The Tennessean: Cowboy Desperado Defiant Under Death Sentence, May 15, 1925
• Nebraska Daily News-Press: Tune Up That Guitar, Wagner’s Outlawing Again, November 29, 1940.
• Kingsport News: Kinnie Wagner Died in Prison, March 10, 1958.
• Kingsport Times: Thousands Flock to funeral Home to See Kinnie Wagner, March 12, 1958 
• The Jackson Clarion-Ledger: The Story of Kinnie Wagner, 7 part series. April 6-12, 1958

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• The Lexington Herald: Coxton Child Still Missing, August 30, 1925
• The Harlan Daily Enterprise: Vickery Girl Still Missing, September 18, 1925
• The Harlan Daily Enterprise: Dabney Caught: Now in Jail, March 5, 1926
• The Harlan Daily Enterprise: Dabney Given Life for Slaying of Vickery Girl, April 2, 1926
• The Atlanta Constitution: When Justice Triumphed, September 4, 1932.
• Kidnapping, Murder and Mayhem: “She Rose from the Dead”, September 10, 2020.
• The Messenger: Marie Jackson fails to know Mary Vickery, March 22, 1927
• The Park City Daily News: A Woman Scorned, March 22, 1927
• The Lexington Herald: Senate Bill Asks $5,000 to Repay Harlan Man for Erroneous Imprisonment, February 15, 1928
• The Voice: An Act of Revenge, August 17, 1935
• National Register of Exonerations: Condy Dabney
• Edwin Borchard: Convicting the Innocent: Errors of Criminal Justice (1932)
• FindaGrave: Condy Ulysses Dabney, 1895-1966 

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

Want more Southern Mysteries? 

Hear the Southern Mysteries show archive of 60+ episodes along with Patron exclusive podcast, Audacious: Tales of American Crime and more when you become a patron of the show. You can immediately access exclusive content now at patreon.com/southernmysteries

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Episode Sources

• The Houston Post: Suspect Mother of Poisoning Five. July 24, 1924. 
• The Houston Post: Bodies Taken From Graves. July 31, 1924.
• Belleville Daily Advocate: Woman Held for Death of Five Persons. September 9, 1924.
• The Houston Post: Hauptreif, Although Crippled, By Wife’s Poison, Loves Her. October 14, 1924.
• The Austin American: Anna Hauptreif Hangs Herself in Jail. November 1, 1924
• The Waco News: Mrs. Hauptreif’s Burial Place is Changed By Her Father’s Demand. November 3, 1924. 
• The Austin American: Hauptreif Goes to Grave. November 3, 1924. 
• Unknown Gender History: Annie Hauptreif, Texas Black Widow Serial Killer – August 11, 2011.
• FindAGrave.com: William Louis Hauptreif
• San Marcos Daily Record: A San Marcos Serial Killer. October 31, 2019. 

Episode Music

• Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

Want more Southern Mysteries? 

Hear the Southern Mysteries show archive of 60+ episodes along with Patron exclusive podcast, Audacious: Tales of American Crime and more when you become a patron of the show. You can immediately access exclusive content now at patreon.com/southernmysteries

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• The Allure of Immortality: An American Cult, a Florida Swamp, and a Renegade Prophet by Lyn Millner
• Waco: David Koresh, the Branch Davidians, and A Legacy of Rage by Jeff Guinn 

Episode Sources

• WGCU Gulf Coast Life: The connection between Cyrus Teed and the Koreshans and David Koresh and the Branch Davidians. March 14, 2023.
• The Koreshnans: Archives of former holdings of the Koreshan State Historic Site.
• Florida State Parks: Koreshan State Historic Site
• World Religious and Spirituality Project: Koreshans by Lyn Millner
• WGCU: Florida History: Koreshan Unity: A Quest for Utopia | Untold Stories | Florida History
• US Department of the Interior: Preserving America’s Utopian Dream, 2001. “Dr. Cyrus Teed and the Koreshan Unity Movement” by Catherine Anthony Ohnemus.
• Florida Rambler: Koreshan State Park is Florida’s strangest historic site. August 3, 2024.

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

Want more Southern Mysteries? 

Hear the Southern Mysteries show archive of 60+ episodes along with Patron exclusive podcast, Audacious: Tales of American Crime and more when you become a patron of the show. You can immediately access exclusive content now at patreon.com/southernmysteries

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Episode Sources

• The Times-Democrat: Mississippi Matters, Yazoo City Fire. May 27, 1904
• Jackson Daily-News: Committees are active today for the Yazoo City Fire Sufferers. May 27, 1904. 
• The Yazoo Herald: Chained Grave Holds Jealous Wife, Says Longtime Yazoo City Resident. July 5, 1978.
• Yazoo Herald: Letters to The Editor, Vay McGraw. November 23, 1991. 
• Yazoo Herald: It’s Time To Bury The Witch of Yazoo for Good. April 4, 1998 
• Yazoo Herald: Letters to the Editor, Willie Morris, April 11, 1998. 
• The Clarion-Ledger: Willie Morris to be buried near witches grave. August 5, 1999.
• The Delta Statement: Into the Fire, March 2, 2022.
• Yazoo County Convention and Visitors Bureau: Witch of Yazoo
• Clarion Ledger: The Witch of Yazoo still haunts the town she burned. October 28, 2014.
• National Park Service: Nehemiah “Skip” James, October 2017.
• McElreath, Leisa & Lindsley, Ashley. (2018). 1904 DESTRUCTION OF YAZOO CITY: A CASE STUDY OF COMMUNITY RESILANCE. 10.13140/RG.2.2.13079.68002.
• City of Yazoo: The History of Yazoo City, 
• Visit Yazoo: 10 Can’t Miss Spots
• Independent Order of Oddfellows: History of American Odd Fellows
• Yazoo Herald: Vay Gregory McGraw. May 9, 2023.
• The ParaInvestigator YouTube: According to Local Legend: The Mystery of the Yazoo Witch. January 5, 2024

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

Want more Southern Mysteries? 

Hear the Southern Mysteries show archive of 60+ episodes along with Patron exclusive podcast, Audacious: Tales of American Crime and more when you become a patron of the show. You can immediately access exclusive content now at patreon.com/southernmysteries

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Episode Sources

• Encyclopedia Alabama: Irondale, Alabama
• BhamWiki: Woodlawn
• Findagrave: Faye News
• Findagrave: Ashley Cain
• Findagrave: Dorsie New
• Findagrave: Lonnie New
• The Birmingham News: Woodlawn High Senior Faye New. February 9, 1930
• The Birmingham Post-Herald: Co Ed Missing; 2 Men Quizzed. August 22, 1934. 
• The Birmingham News: Girl Found Dead. August 22, 1934.
• The Birmingham Age-Herald: Taylor is Jailed in Co-ed Death. August 23, 1934
• The Birmingham News: Police, Solicitor, Increase Activity in Taylor’s Case. August 25, 1934.
• The Birmingham News: Special Jury Probes Murder of Faye New. August 27, 1934.
• The Birmingham Post-Herald: Co Ed Death Jury Indicts Taylor. August 28, 1934.
• The Birmingham News: 34 to be Called in Taylor Trial. August 28, 1934.
• The Birmingham News: Jury is selected with hearing of witnesses next. September 4, 1934
• The Birmingham News: Cain is calm as lawyer charges him with killing. September 6, 1934
• The Birmingham News: Harold Taylor Gives His Version of Fatal Ride with Faye New. September 7, 1934.
• The Birmingham News: Taylor Repeats Denial of Guilt. September 7, 1934.
• The Birmingham News: Taylor’s Fate Now in Jury’s Hands.September 8, 1934
• The Birmingham News: Faye New’s Death is still a baffling puzzle to police. September 10, 1934
• The Birmingham News: Mother of Slain Faye New Weeps. September 10, 1934.
• The Atlanta Constitution: Taylor is Cleared of Attack Charge. September 11, 1934
• The Birmingham Post: Detectives Back on Co-Ed Murder. September 12, 1934
• The Birmingham Post-Herald: Taylor, Freed, Is Happy at Home. September 10, 1934.
• The Birmingham Post: Harold Taylor Fined as Drunk. June 12, 1935
• The Birmingham Post: Father and Son Will Face Peace Warrants. October 23, 1935.
• The Birmingham Post: Charges dropped against father and son. November 2, 1935
• The Birmingham News: Faye New’s Diary Is Buried with Slain Co-ed. August 25, 1936.
• The Birmingham Post: Faye New Father Succombs. December 31, 1936.
• The Birmingham Post: Faye New Slaying, Six Years Old, Still Unsolved. August 19, 1940.

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

David's body was found 1,600 miles away in Washington State, identified only years later through the use of Google by a determined detective. The discovery solved one mystery but deepened another: how did David end up in Washington, and what led to his tragic death by a hit-and-run driver?

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Episode Sources

• Fort Worth Telegram Star: Amarillo Police Are Stumped in Search for Missing Lawyer. June 27, 1993. 
• Juneau Empire: Experts say that Roberts may indeed have amnesia. July, 17, 1997
• NBC News: Google used to identify long-lost victim. October 8, 2004. 
• The Crime Wire: The Strange Disappearance and Death of David Glenn Lewis. June 23, 2024
• Seattle Post-Intelligence Reporter: 1993 hit-run victim is finally identified. October 9, 2004
• NPR Morning Edition: For Man With Amnesia, Love Repeats Itself. December 13, 2012

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

Want more Southern Mysteries? 

Hear the Southern Mysteries show archive of 60+ episodes along with Patron exclusive podcast, Audacious: Tales of American Crime and more when you become a patron of the show. You can immediately access exclusive content now at patreon.com/southernmysteries

Connect

Website: southernmysteries.com Facebook: Southern Mysteries Podcast Instagram: @explorethesouth Email: southernmysteriespodcast@gmail.com 

Episode Sources

• South Carolina Bandits, Bushwackers, Outlaws, Crooks, Devils, Ghosts and other assorted characters By Carole Marsh
• South Carolina Killers: Crimes of Passion by Mark Jones
• Charleston Historical Exhibits and Information: The Mysterious Death of Mary Ravenel, 1933
• South Carolina Encyclopedia: Ravenel, St. Julien
• SC Picture Project: Palmer Home
• Charleston Raconteurs: William Ravenel House
• The Asheville Times: Bullet Pierced Body of Woman Found in Street, November 2, 1933
• Greensboro Record: Strange Death of Charleston Woman Is Veiled in Mystery, November 3, 1933
• The Charlotte Observer: Stray Bullet Kills Woman, November 3, 1933
• The State: Mrs. Ravenel Told Hospital ‘A Man Hit Me’, November 3, 1933
• Florence Morning News: Woman’s Death Still Mystery, November 4, 1933
• The Gazette: Mrs. Ravenel’s Slayer Never Apprehended, October 4, 1936
• The State: Ravenel Death Still Unsolved, April 5, 1938
• The Columbia Record: Charlotte Storm Kills 30, September 29, 1938

Episode Music

Out of the Mines, courtesy of Ross Gentry, Asheville, North Carolina.

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Episode Sources

• Encyclopedia of Arkansas: Helen Spence (1912–1934)
• People’s River History Project: A Secret History of American River People 
• Denise White Parkinson: Daughter of the White River: Depression-Era Treachery and Vengeance in the Arkansas Delta
• Only In Arkansas: River of Redemption: The Helen Spence Story
• The Daily World: Decisions of the Arkansas Supreme Court, January 13, 1930
• The Shreveport Journal: Wounded Man is Thrown in River, April 24, 1930 
• Hope Star: Body of Timber Worker, Drowned in River, Found, June 5, 1930
• The Columbus Ledger: Girl Kills Accused Slayer of Father in Courtroom, January 20,1931
• The Barre Daily Times: Young Woman Didn’t Trust Jury with Trial, January 20, 1931
• Sun Herald: Courtroom Slayer Gets Five Year Term, April 2, 1931
• Reading Times: Arrest Trusty for Killing Girl Who Fled Prison, July 13, 1934
• Daily News: Tragedy of Helen Spence Eaton, July 22, 1934
• Hope Star: Martin Acquitted in Eaton Slaying, September 28, 1934
• Arkansas Times: The river people, August 17, 2006
• Fox 16 TV: River Justice: pardon sought for Delta folk hero
• Malvern Daily Record: Helen Spence: An Arkansas Folk Hero for the Ages, March 6, 2023

Episode Music

Impromptu, Traveler and Unanswered Questions by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com). Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Episode Sources

• The Tennessean Sadie Goldstein Obituary, May 11, 1903
• The Tennessean Dr. Feist’s Denial, May 16, 1903
• Grundy News Sadie Goldstein, May 21, 1903
• Feist Court Case J. Herman Feist vs. The State
• Knoxville Sentinel Saw Dr. Feist Embrace Woman, January 29, 1907
• The Journal and Tribune Morbid Crowd Fed Salacious Morsels, Jan 30, 1907
• The Tennessean May Not Go On Witness Stand, Jan 31, 1907
• Nashville Banner Dr. Feist Witnesses Last Scene of the Trial with no Visible Emotion, Feb 16, 1907
• Nashville Banner Defense Asks for Adjournment, March 26, 1907
• The Tennessean Treatment of Dr. J. H. Feist 
• The Tennessean The Feist Case, April 4, 1978
• The Baldwin Times Dr. Feist Dies at Tensaw Home, October 23, 1952
• Genealogy Trails Davidson County J. Herman Feist Bio
• Notorious Nashville Scoundrels, Rogues and Outlaws, By Brian Allison
• Find a Grave Dr. Jacob Herman Feist (1873-1952)

Episode Music

Impromptu and Unanswered Questions by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com). Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Episode Sources

• The Commercial Appeal Mass Meeting on Charges Relative to Death of Rev H.P. Gibbs, May 6, 1899
• State Historical Society Archives Anti-Lynching Bill, 1921
• The Greenwood Commonwealth Water Valley Merchant and Wife Slain, May 5, 1931
• Biloxi Sun Herald Sheriff Gets Confession in Wagner Crime, May 6, 1931
• The Clarion-Ledger Atrocities in Northern Part of State Bringing Intense Police Efforts, May 7, 1931
• The Clarion-Ledger Murder Victims Are Laid to Rest, May 8, 1931
• The Clarion-Ledger Verdict Carries Dealth Penalty For Whitaker in Wagner Slayings, June 12, 1931
• North Mississippi Herald The Infamous History of Water Valley, May 14, 2008
• North Mississippi Herald Century Old Jail Is Piece Of History, April 6, 2011
• Hill Country History Water Valley (1858)
• Ancestry.com William Buford Wagner, Jr.
• Water Valley Chamber of Commerce Attractions - Carnival Info

Episode Music

Impromptu and Unanswered Questions by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com). Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Episode Sources

• An Old Coot’s Essays About An Earlier Georgia and Other Topics by Eddie Rollins
• Forgotten Stories: The World’s Worst Divorce Attorney
• Atlanta West End: Historic West End
• The Atlanta Constitution: Death Claims Him, March 1, 1911
• Oakland Tribune: Mystery of Two Sisters Deepens, July 10, 1914
• Charlotte Daily Observer: Search for Women Makes No Progress, July 11, 1914
• Tampa Journal: Atlanta Quivers with Excitement in Letter Puzzle, July 12, 1914
• The Atlanta Journal: Mother, Heartbroken, Tells of Power Innes Had Over Daughter, July 12, 1914 
• San Francisco Examiner: Mrs. Nelms Bares Daughters Tragic Love, July 13, 1914
• The Atlanta Journal: Womans Clubs Urged to Aid Nelms Search, July 13,1914
• The Atlanta Journal: Evidence Sought to Hold Innes, July 16, 1914
• The Eugene Guard: Former US District Attorney Arrested in Eugene, August 19, 1914
• The Atlanta Journal: Strange Letters to Aid in Solving Nelms Mystery Case, August 21, 1914
• The Macon Telegraph: Bones Found in Connect with Nelms Mystery Are Positively Identified As Human, September 9, 1914
• The Americus Times Daily Recorder: Speculation Made in Case of INnes and wife, April 4, 1916
• The Atlanta Constitution: Finger of Death Inscribes ‘Finis’ on Final Chapter of Nelms Case, April 1, 1936

Episode Music

Northern Lights by Chris Hauge.  Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license.

Deep Haze by Kevin McLeod. Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. Source: http://incompetech.com

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Episode Sources

• The Road to Blair Mountain by Charles Keeney
• On Dark and Bloody Ground by Anne Lawrence
• National Park Service: Introduction to the West Virginia Mine Wars
• Smithsonian Magazine: What Made the Battle of Blair Mountain the Largest Labor Uprising in American History
• Zinn Education Project: The Devil Is Here in These Hills
• ReImagine Appalachia: The Battle of Blair Mountain
• West Virginia Archives & History
• United Mine Workers of America: Standing United, Living Divided: Black coal miners and their fight for justice
• West Virginia Mine Wars Museum
• JSTOR Daily: Rednecks: A Brief History. 

Episode Music

Out of the Mines by Ross Gentry. Used with permission of artist.

Resolution by Kevin McLeod. Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. Source: http://incompetech.com

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Episode Sources

• The Charley Project: Ruth Purcell Murphree Dorsey
• Encyclopedia of Alabama: Opelika
• Opelika-Auburn News: Dorsey Family Needs Closure After 30 Years, April 16, 2006
• Opelika-Auburn News: Only Spooky May Know What Happened, Aug 17, 1975
• Opelika-Auburn News: Ruth Dorsey Still Missing After Seven Years, Aug 16, 1981
• Opelika-Auburn News: E.S. (Pete) Dorsey, Lee Cattleman Dies at Home, June 22, 1965
• Opelika-Auburn News: Opelika Missing After Car Found, Aug 19, 1974
• Opelika-Auburn News: Helicopter Used to Search Area for Mrs. Dorsey, Aug 27, 1974 
• Opelika-Auburn News: Aerial Search for Proves Fruitless In Search for Missing Opelikan
• Opelika-Auburn News: Ruth Dorsey’s Disappearance, Aug 21, 1977
• Opelika-Auburn News: After 3 Month Search, Dorsey Case Unsolved, Dec 3, 1974
• Opelika-Auburn News: Reward Up to $1400, Aug. 30, 1974
• RootsWeb: Dorsey Ancestry

Episode Music

Not Forgotten by Dan Lebowitz. Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license.

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Episode Sources

• The Historical New Orleans Collection: Amid Roaring Twenties New Orleans, a brutal French Quarter murder shocked the city
• Bayou Justice: New Orleans’ infamous trunk murders revisited
• Atlas Obscura: The Trunk Murders and ‘Sausage Ghost’ of 1920s New Orleans
• Southern Spirit Guide: A Block of Death and Dismemberment – New Orleans
• French Quarter Mangement District: History of French Quarter
• Vieux Carré Digital Survey: 715 Ursulines St.
• Find A Grave: Henry Moity
• Find A Grave: Joseph Moity
• Find A Grave: Theresa Alfano Moity
• The Evergreen Courant: Henry Moity Captured
• Orlando Evening Star: How Jealousy Turned a Devoted Husband into a Demon
• Daily Advertiser: Be Careful in Marrying,Is Advice in Story Written by Woman Found Slain at N.O.

Episode Music

Dark Times and Long Note Two by Kevin MacLeod  Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. Source: http://incompetech.com

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Episode Sources

• Running a Thousand Miles for Freedom: Or, the Escape of William and Ellen Craft from Slavery (Dover Thrift Editions: Black History) 
• Time Magazine: The Remarkable True Story of the Couple Who Posed as Master and Slave to Escape Bondage
• Smithsonian Magazine: The Great Escape From Slavery of Ellen and William Craft
• National Park Service: "A Desperate Leap for Liberty": The Escape of William and Ellen Craft
• History: The Daring Disguise that Helped One Enslaved Couple Escape to Freedom
• Georgia Women of Achievement: Ellen Smith Craft
• BBC: Ellen and William Craft: Blue plaque for abolitionists who fled slavery

Episode Music

Traveller by Kevin MacLeod  Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. Source: http://incompetech.com

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Episode Sources

• Recommended Read: Who Killed Betty Gail Brown?: Murder, Mistrial, and Mystery by Robert G. Lawson. 
• Daily News August 1966: The Coed Parked with Death
• Find A Grave: Betty Gail Brown (1942-1961)
• Indianapolis Star October 1961: Co-Ed Slain on Kentucky Campus
• Lexington Herald-Leader January 1965: Man held in West says he killed Miss Brown
• Lexington Herald-Leader December 1984: Police still seeking answers to unsolved murder
• Lexington Herald-Leader November 2017: Inside the Police File of City’s Most Notorious Slaying that has gone unsolved for 56 years
• The Rambler: Kentucky Cold Case: Who killed Betty Gail Brown?
• The Rambler: Cold Case Heats Up: Police Department Reopens Transy Student’s Murder Case
• Vice: The Bizarre Unsolved Murder of Harry Dean Stanton's Niece

Episode Music

Surrender by Dan Lebowitz. Licensed under Creative Commons

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Episode Sources

• The McCue Murder: The complete story of the crime and the famous trial of the ex-mayor of Charlottesville, Virginia. Lindsay, James H. (1862-1933). https://xtf.lib.virginia.edu/xtf/view?docId=2007_01/uvaBook/tei/b000449357.xml;brand=default;
• History of the McCue Case: Full Particulars of the Crime, Inquest, Trial and Conviction with Argument of Counsel by Evan Ragland Chesterman, Joseph Francis Geisinger https://books.google.com/books?id=T3NIdLR8VF4C&pg=PA3#v=onepage&q&f=false
• Murder trial of J. Samuel McCue. Cvillepedia. Retrieved January 13, 2024. <https://www.cvillepedia.org/Murder_trial_of_J._Samuel_McCue>
• The Case of the “Not-So-Common” Comyn Hall. Albemarle + Charlottesville History. Retrieved January 12, 2024 <https://charlottesvillealbemarlehistory.wordpress.com/2012/03/16/the-case-of-the-not-so-common-comyn-hall>
• Charlottesville. Cvillepedia. Retrieved January 12, 2024 <https://www.cvillepedia.org/Charlottesville>
• McCue Believes He Will Be Free. The Greenville News. December 22, 1904. Retrieved January 12, 2024. <https://www.newspapers.com/image/187932715>
• J Samuel McCue Dies on Gallows. The Roanoke Times, February 11, 1905. Retrieved January 15, 2024 <https://www.newspapers.com/image/911640060>

Episode Music

Theme Song “Dark & Troubled” by Pantherburn. Special thanks to Phillip St Ours for permission for use. Evening Fall Piani by Kevin MacLeod Licensed under Creative Commons.

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Episode Sources

• The New Orleans woman who fought the longest court battle in US history, The Historic New Orleans Collection. (Viewed November 2023) https://www.hnoc.org/publications/first-draft/new-orleans-woman-who-fought-longest-court-battle-us-history
• Notorious Woman: The Celebrated Case of Myra Clark Gaines by Elizabeth Urban Alexander https://lsupress.org/9780807130247/
• Myra Clark Gaines: The Longest-Running Civil Lawsuit in America. Law Library of Louisiana (Viewed November 2023) https://lasc.libguides.com/c.php?g=560377&p=3854854
• Gaines v. Relf, 53 U.S. 472 (1851). Justia US Supreme Court (Viewed November 2023) https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/53/472/
• The Gaines Case Settled; Some of the Claims to be at Once Paid by the Administrator, New York Times, July 27, 1892
• A man in shadow: the life of Daniel Clark, Tulane University Digital Library. (Viewed November 2023). https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane%3A27489

Episode Music

Theme Song “Dark & Troubled” by Pantherburn. Special thanks to Phillip St Ours for permission for use. Meditation Impromptu One by Kevin MacLeod Licensed under Creative Commons.

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Episode Sources

• Money for Mrs. Stoll Is Ready Authorities Refuse to Reveal ‘Definite Leads’. Healdsburg Tribune, Number 290, 11 October 1934. (Viewed April 2020) <https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=HT19341011.2.4&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------1> 
• Robinson v. United States, 144 F.2d 392 (6th Cir. 1944). US Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit - 144 F.2d 392 (6th Cir. 1944), July 31, 1944 (Viewed April 2020) <https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/144/392/1547644/>
• The bizarre story of a kidnapped Louisville heiress held captive in Indianapolis, IndyStar.com. (Viewed April 2020) <https://www.indystar.com/story/news/history/retroindy/2019/12/20/alice-speed-stoll-kidnapping-went-louisville-indianapolis/2674240001/>
• Video out takes with family spokesperson, University of South Carolina Libraries Digital Collections. (Viewed April 2020) <https://mirc.sc.edu/islandora/object/usc%3A26483>
• Robinson, Stoll, Kidnapper, Caught, The Indianapolis times. October 17, 1934 (Viewed April 2020) <https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82015313/1934-10-17/ed-1/seq-3/>
• Joyful After Kidnap Acquittal, Healdsburg Tribune, October 24, 1935. (Viewed April 2020) <https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=HT19351024&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------1>

Episode Music

Alone with My Thoughts by Esther Abrami. Licensed under Creative Commons 

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Episode Sources

• Stringbean: The Life and Murder of a Country Music Legend by Taylor Hagood. University Press of MS (May 2023). https://www.press.uillinois.edu/books/?id=p087110
• Birthplace of Country Music Museum. (2023, May 16). BCM Museum Speaker Sessions - Stringbean: The Life & Murder with Taylor Hagood. Youtube.  (https://youtu.be/xYGB3f1ZRM0?si=XKRfNATk4xo9rbv4). 
• Nashville Bar Association. (2019, June 6). The Stringbean Murders: Death in Baker Holler | Part 1.Youtube. (https://youtu.be/8-lAR_lHeG0?si=TtXFat3yJ4GQAC6h). 
• Nashville Bar Association. (2019, June 6). The Stringbean Murders: Death in Baker Holler | Part 2.Youtube. (https://youtu.be/QK9JVZdm1_M?si=nqaQTf-HNAohFC1_). 
• Bluegrass Baseball: Barnstorming Band and Ball Club, Society for American Baseball Research. (Viewed November 1, 2023) <http://research.sabr.org/journals/bluegrass-baseball-barnstorming-band-and-ball-club>
• Stringnbean Akeman and Wife are Slain, The Advocate-Messenger, November 12, 1973. (Viewed November 4, 2023) <https://www.newspapers.com/image/143221098>
• Killers Missed $5700, The Tennessean, November 12, 1973.(Viewed November 2, 2023) <https://www.newspapers.com/image/112272973>
• End of Innocence, The Tennessean, November 10, 2013. (Viewed November 2, 2023)<https://www.newspapers.com/image/105312207>
• A Tribute to Stringbean, The Fort Worth Telegram Star, November 13, 1973. (Viewed November 3, 2023) <https://www.newspapers.com/image/633207504>
• 'Stringbean' Akeman's killer gets parole,Tennessean,Oct 14, 2014. (Viewed Nov 1, 2023) <www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/10/15/opry-star-stringbean-akemans-killer-gets-parole/17334979>

Episode Music

Theme Song “Dark & Troubled” by Pantherburn. Special thanks to Phillip St Ours for permission for use. Castleshire by Chris Haugen. Licensed under Creative Commons.

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Episode Sources

• The Legs Murder Scandal by Hunter Cole. University Press of Mississippi (August 9, 2010). https://a.co/d/9VahppU
• Daisy McKinstry Keeton, FindaGrave.com. (Viewed October 9, 2023) <https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/80746498/daisy-keeton>
• Keeton Faces Trial on Assault Charge, Jackson Daily News, August 1, 1922. (Viewed October 8, 2023) <https://www.newspapers.com/image/200361386>
• Earl Keeton Found Guilty of Assault, The Newton Record, August 3, 1922. (Viewed October 8, 2023) <https://www.newspapers.com/image/304298515>
• Keeton vs. State of Mississippi. Casetext. (Viewed October 9, 2023) <https://casetext.com/case/keeton-v-state-24>
• Alibi Witnesses Introduced, The Leader Call, May 31, 1935. (Viewed October 9, 2023). <https://www.newspapers.com/image/7792723>
• Question Girl in Kidnapping Story, The Columbus Telegram, January 26, 1935. (Viewed October 10, 2023) <https://www.newspapers.com/image/428930971>
• Link Murder To Kidnapping, Colusa Sun-Herald, January 26, 1935. (Viewed October 10, 2023) <https://www.newspapers.com/image/993963486>
• Woman Charged with Murder of Own Mother, The Birmingham News, January 28, 1935. (Viewed October 10, 2023) <https://www.newspapers.com/image/573563470>
• Woman’s Story Stirs Murder Mystery Quiz, Oakland Tribune, January 28, 1935. (Viewed October 10, 2023) <https://www.newspapers.com/image/128798356>
• State Marshalls Witnesses at Trial Today, The Leader Call, March 4, 1935. (Viewed October 10, 2023) <https://www.newspapers.com/image/7771247>
• On Trial for Mother’s Murder, Quad City Times, March 8, 1935. (Viewed October 10, 1935) <https://www.newspapers.com/image/301307667>
• Large Bank Account Cited in Murder Case, The Miami Herald, March 10, 1935. (Viewed October 9, 2023) <https://www.newspapers.com/image/617423925>
• Verdict Guilty! Girl Sentenced to Life Imprisonment, The Leader Call, March 12, 1935. (Viewed October 10, 2023) <https://www.newspapers.com/image/7771247>
• The Pretty Murderess Who Was Too Modest, The Miami News, April 21, 1935. (Viewed October 10, 2023) <https://www.newspapers.com/image/573563470>
• Ouida Keeton Testifies for State Tuesday, The Leader Call, May 28, 1935. (Viewed October 10, 2023) <https://www.newspapers.com/image/7791810>
• Sentence Set Aside in Legs Murder Case, The Danville Bee, March 10, 1936. (Viewed October 10, 2023) <https://www.newspapers.com/image/962494465>
• Legs Murder Retrial Looms, The Ledger Star, March 10, 1936. (Viewed October 10, 2023) <https://www.newspapers.com/image/951711290/>

Episode Music

Theme Song “Dark & Troubled” by Pantherburn. Special thanks to Phillip St Ours for permission for use. Leoforos Alexandras by Dan Bodan. Licensed under Creative Commons.

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Episode Sources

• “432 Abercorn Street: Haunted Mansion Or Just a Rumor Mill?”, The Savannah First-Timer’s Guide. (Viewed October 3, 2023) <https://savannahfirsttimer.com/432-abercorn-street>
• “Savannah Child Killed by Marble Table Top”, The Atlanta Constitution, December 3, 1933. (Viewed October 2, 2023) <https://www.newspapers.com/image/398101049>
• “Man Is Injured in 14-Ft Fall”, The Macon Telegraph, December 13, 1933. (Viewed October 2, 2023) <https://www.newspapers.com/image/826315007>
• “Grand Jury to Probe Wesley Espy’s Death”, The Atlanta Constitution, January 31, 1934. (Viewed October 2, 2023) <https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-atlanta-constitution-atl-constitutio/60239352>
• “Carl Espy Sr”, Abbeville Herald, February 15, 1951. (Viewed October 2, 2023) <https://www.newspapers.com/article/abbeville-herald-obituary-for-carl-espy/67883727>
• “Why is Savannah one of America’s Most Haunted Cities?“, Savannah.com. (Viewed October 2, 2023) <https://www.savannah.com/why-is-savannah-one-of-americas-most-haunted-cities>
• “New report takes a fresh look at Savannah's role in the history of American slavery”, GPB.org, October 25, 2022. (Viewed October 10, 2023) <https://www.gpb.org/news/2022/10/25/new-report-takes-fresh-look-at-savannahs-role-in-the-history-of-american-slavery>
• “Beneath the Surface”, Savannah Magazine, May 15, 2017. (Viewed October 9, 2023) <https://www.savannahmagazine.com/beneath-the-surface/>
• “Why was Nathanael Greene's skeleton kept in a bank vault?”, The Augusta Chronicle, August 1, 2022. (Viewed October 9, 2023) <https://www.augustachronicle.com/story/lifestyle/columns/2022/08/01/monday-mystery-skeleton-revolutionary-war-hero-kept-bank-vault/10169971002/>
• “Haunted Crime Scenes: Savannah's 'Most Haunted' House”, True Crime Library, 2007. (Viewed October 3, 2023) <https://www.crimelibrary.org/notorious_murders/classics/hampton-lillibridge/1_index.html>
• “Died in the West”, The Atlanta Constitution, February 16, 1896. (Viewed October 7, 2023). <https://www.newspapers.com/image/26788699>

Episode Music

Theme Song “Dark & Troubled” by Pantherburn. Special thanks to Phillip St Ours for permission for use. Dark Times by Kevin MacLeod. Licensed under Creative Commons.

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Hear the Southern Mysteries show archive of 60+ episodes along with Patron exclusive podcast, Audacious: Tales of American Crime and more when you become a patron of the show. You can immediately access exclusive content now at patreon.com/southernmysteries

Connect

Website: southernmysteries.com Facebook: Southern Mysteries Podcast Twitter: @southernpod_ Instagram: @shannonballard_ Email: southernmysteriespodcast@gmail.com 

Episode Sources

• “Tales of Ghosts Haunt Demopolis Landmarks River”, The Demopolis Times, Nov 1, 2019. (Viewed September 3, 2023) <https://www.demopolistimes.com/2018/11/01/tales-of-ghosts-haunt-demopolis-landmarks-rive>
• “They Just Weren’t The Kind of People for That”, Crime Reads, February 3, 2023. (Viewed September 4, 2023). <https://crimereads.com/they-just-werent-the-kind-of-people-for-that-the-1934-smith-family-massacre-in-demopolis-alabama/>
• “Shocking Tragedy Here Sunday Stirs Community”, The Demopolis Times, November 29, 1934. (Viewed September 3,2023). <https://www.newspapers.com/image/539484992/?match=1>
• “Alkire-Smith”, The Demopolis Times, October 11, 1933. (Viewed September 4, 2023). <https://www.newspapers.com/image/539386981/>
• “Verdict Found at Demopolis”, Our Southern Home, December 5, 1934. (Viewed September 5, 2023). <https://www.newspapers.com/image/551861356/?terms=elsie%20smith&match=1>
• “Bluff Hall”, Encyclopedia of Alabama. (Viewed September 2, 2023).<https://encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/bluff-hall/>
• “Murder and Suicide Seen in Demopolis Tragedy”, The Selma Times Journal, November 26, 1934. (Viewed September 2, 2023). <https://www.newspapers.com/image/570062089/>

Episode Music

Theme Song “Dark & Troubled” by Pantherburn. Special thanks to Phillip St Ours for permission for use. Peace of Mind and Long Note Two by Kevin MacLeod. Licensed under Creative Commons.

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Episode Sources

• “Drop Co-Ed Bandit Charge as Rebecca Becomes Mother”, El Paso Herald-Post, October 25, 1933. (Viewed on August 23, 2023). <https://www.newspapers.com/image/796631421/?clipping_id=131550098>
• “The End of an Unusual Case”, Wichita Falls Times, October 27, 1933. (Viewed on August 23, 2023). <https://www.newspapers.com/article/wichita-falls-times/131148529>
• “Amarillo Attorney Tells of Marriage to Bandit Suspect”, Ft. Worth Telegram Star, December 14, 1926. (Viewed on August 28, 2023). <https://www.newspapers.com/image/634535367/?terms=rebecca%20bradley>
• “Rebecca Bradley Girl Bandit”, ScandalsandSweets.com.(Viewed on August 21, 2023). <https://scandalsandsweets.com/rebecca-bradley-girl-bandit>
• “Texas Girl Bandit Accused of Arson”,The New York Times, December 12, 1026.(Viewed on August 20, 2023). <https://www.nytimes.com/1926/12/16/archives/texas-girl-bandit-accused-of-arson-buda-bank-robber-is-arrested-for.html>

Episode Music

Theme Song “Dark & Troubled” by Pantherburn. Special thanks to Phillip St Ours for permission for use. Dixie Outlandish and Castleshire by Kevin MacLeod. Licensed under Creative Commons

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Episode Sources

“Soule Sisters Series”, Daily News Journal, Sunday, October 2009. Accessed March 2, 2028. https://rutherfordtnhistory.org/rutherford-county-hosted-three-wicked-witches/

“Three Sisters in Black: The Bizarre True Case of the Bathtub Tragedy” by Norman Zierold. Accessed March 1, 2018. https://books.google.com/books?id=wqdLDwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

“Ghosts of past still frighten New River Valley”, Collegiate Times, October 31, 2006. Accessed March 10, 2018. 

https://www.collegiatetimes.com/lifestyle/ghosts-of-past-still-frighten-new-river-valley/article_0b71ec43-ff02-5af4-a83e-8016c081891a.html

“Sister Act: The Bizarre Drowning of Ocey Snead”, The Lineup, July 19, 2018. Accessed August 1, 2023. https://the-line-up.com/the-bizarre-drowning-of-ocey-snead

Episode Music Theme Song “Dark & Troubled” by Pantherburn. Special thanks to Phillip St Ours for permission for use. Colorless Aura by Kevin MacLeod. Licensed under Creative Commons.

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Episode Sources

‘They started popping bullets’: Eyewitness recalls the day Otto Wood died. Salisbury Post. January 2015. Accessed August 1, 2023. https://www.salisburypost.com/2015/07/30/they-started-popping-bullets-eyewitness-recalls-the-day-otto-wood-died/

Wood, Otto.  Life history of Otto Wood: inmate, State Prison. Raleigh, N.C.: 1926. 

Otto Wood: North Carolina’s One Man Crime Wave. Old Hat Records. Accessed August 3, 2023. http://www.oldhatrecords.com/ResearchOttoWood.html

The not too well-known desperado. Accessed August 3, 2023. http://kronsell.net/woodenglish.htm 

McKenzie, T. (2021). Otto Wood, the Bandit: The Freighthopping Thief, Bootlegger, and Convicted Murderer behind the Appalachian Ballads. University of North Carolina Press. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5149/9781469665672_mckenzie

Episode Music

The Colonel by Zachariah Hickman. Licensed under Creative Commons; Otto Wood: The Bandit by The Carolina Buddies, Columbia Phonograph Recordings, 1931. Theme Song “Dark & Troubled” by Pantherburn. Special thanks to Phillip St Ours for permission for use.

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Episode Sources

• Mississippi Department of Archives and History. “Sovereignty Commission Online website”. (Viewed on July 29, 2023). <www.mdah.state.ms.us/arrec/digital_archives/sovcom/>
• Mississippi Encyclopedia. “Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission”. (Viewed on July 29, 2023). <https://mississippiencyclopedia.org/entries/mississippi-state-sovereignty-commission/>
• African American History. Cozzens, Lisa. "Brown v. Board of Education." (Viewed on July 29, 2023). <http://fledge.watson.org/~lisa/blackhistory/early-civilrights/brown.html>
• Wisconsin Historical Society Freedom Summer Digital Collection. “Edward Hollander recordings [sound recording], 1963-1964; Audio 369A; WIHVH2870-A.” (Viewed on July 28, 2023)<https://content.wisconsinhistory.org/digital/collection/p15932coll2/id/11990>
• Jackson Free Press. “FBI Celebrates Civil-Rights Heroes”. (Viewed on July 30,2023) <https://www.jacksonfreepress.com/news/2011/jun/21/fbi-celebrates-civil-rights-heroes/>
• Famous Trials. “Mississippi Burning Trial Chronology.” (Viewed on August 1, 2023) <https://famous-trials.com/mississippi-burningtrial/1959-chronology>
• King Encyclopedia.”Freedom Summer.” (Viewed on August 1, 2023) <https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/encyclopedia/freedom-summer>
• Jewish Women's Archive. "Rita Schwerner." (Viewed on August 2, 2023) <https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/bender-rita>.
• Neshoba Democrat. “Mt. Zion to hold annual memorial”. (Viewed on July 31, 2023)<https://neshobademocrat.com/stories/mt-zion-to-hold-annual-memorial,87244>
• Pacifica Radio Archives, American Archive of Public Broadcasting (GBH and the Library of Congress), Boston, MA and Washington, DC. “Memorial service for James Chaney.” 1964-08-28. (Viewed July 28, 2023). <http://americanarchive.org/catalog/cpb-aacip-28-m901z42919>.
• History.com. “Freeom Summer.” (Viewed July 27, 2023). <https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/freedom-summer>
• Porter, Dawn. “Spies of Mississippi.” (Viewed July 29, 2023). <https://www.pbs.org/independentlens/documentaries/spies-of-mississippi/>

Episode Music Spirit of Fire by Jesse Gallager. Licensed under Creative Commons; Theme Song “Dark & Troubled” by Pantherburn. Special thanks to Phillip St Ours for permission for use

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Episode Sources

Elizabeth High-Brown-Routt: Hazel Green's First Serial Killer, Memories of Madison County.

Elizabeth Evans Dale. Huntsville History Collection

Federal Writers Project (2013). The WPA Guide to Alabama: The Camellia State. Retrieved from http://books.google.com

"Attempt to Convict Based On The Testimony Of A Monomaniac". Nashville Daily Patriot. [volume], January 22, 1856, Image 2

"Dead Husbands Tell No Tales". Okay, Listen Here. 27 October 2010

"Elizabeth Routt: Did She Murder Her Six Husbands Or Was She a Victim of Misfortune?" Huntsville Times. 26 February 1976

Carrington, Virgil. True Tales of Old Madison County, (1992). Johnson Historical Publications

Episode Music

Theme Song “Dark & Troubled” by Pantherburn. Special thanks to Phillip St Ours for permission for use.

Plantation by Audionautix. Licensed under Creative Commons. One Mile East of Hazel Green by Shane Adkins, from performance at Von Braun Center, Huntsville Alabama on June 7th, 2014 as part of Jim Parker's Songwriter Series

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Episode Sources

• Walker Murder Investigative Report from Florida Sherrif’s Bureau. Accessed June 1, 2023. https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/525057/walker-2.pdf
• The suspects: A litany of names and clues. Herald-Tribune. Accessed June 8, 2023 https://www.heraldtribune.com/story/news/2005/12/19/the-suspects-a-litany-of-names-and-clues/28452224007/
• Years Later, Sarasota Murders Tied to ‘In Cold Blood’ Case. Accessed June 8, 2023. https://www.theledger.com/story/news/2013/05/18/years-later-sarasota-murders-tied/8122891007/
• Unsolved Mysteries: The Walker Family Murders. Accessed June 8, 2023. https://truecrimedetective.co.uk/in-cold-blood-ii-the-walker-family-murders-d16969e7dac4
• Resurrecting the “Mummy murder’ case. Accessed June 8, 2023. https://www.tampabay.com/archive/1994/03/23/resurrecting-the-mummy-murder-case/
• Clutter Family Murders. Accessed. Accessed June 9, 2023. https://www.gcpolice.org/about-gcpd/history/famous-cases/clutter-family-murders
• No DNA link between Walker murders, ‘In Cold Blood’ killers https://web.archive.org/web/20151126101903/http://www.heraldtribune.com/article/20130813/ARTICLE/130819868
• Walker investigation shows parts of ‘In Cold Blood’ don’t add up. Accessed June 9, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20130128075855/http://www.heraldtribune.com/article/20121209/ARTICLE/121209622?p=2&tc=pg
• Did the Clutter Murderers Kill Again? Accessed June 10, 2023. https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323951904578292491087476234

Episode Music

Emotional Alone by Purple Planet Music. Licensed under Creative Commons; Theme Song “Dark & Troubled” by Pantherburn. Special thanks to Phillip St Ours for permission for use

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Episode Sources

• Southern Literary Messenger. Encyclopedia of Virginia. Accessed May 30, 2023. https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/southern-literary-messenger/
• The confession of Jereboam Beauchamp "(written by himself) who was executed at Frankfort, Ky., for the murder of Col. Solomon P. Sharp, a member of the legislature, and late attorney-general of Ky. To which is added some poetical pieces written by Mrs. Ann Beauchamp, who voluntarily put a period to her existence on the day of the execution of her husband, and was buried in the same grave with him. Accessed May 30, 2023. https://digital.library.cornell.edu/catalog/sat1109
• The Kentucky Tragedy in American Literature: From Thomas Holley Chivers to Robert Warren. Jack Edward Surrency, University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Accessed May 30, 2023. ttps://trace.tennessee.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=5389&context=utk_graddiss
• Jereboam O. Beauchamp. Murderpedia. Accessed May 29, 2023. https://murderpedia.org/male.B/b/beauchamp-jereboam.htm

Episode Music

I Am A Man Who Will Fight For Your Honor by Chris Zabriske and No. 7 Alone with My Thought by Esther Abrami. Licensed under Creative Commons; Theme Song “Dark & Troubled” by Pantherburn. Special thanks to Phillip St Ours for permission for use

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Episode Sources

• Joe Ball: The Butcher of Elmendorf. Accessed May 1, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20070916033830/http://www.crimelibrary.com/serial_killers/history/joe_ball/index.html
• Two Barmaids, Five Alligators, and the Butcher of Elmendorf. Accessed May 4, 2023. https://www.texasmonthly.com/true-crime/butcher-of-elmendorf-alligators/
• Joseph D. Ball Accessed May 1, 2023. http://murderpedia.org/male.B/b/ball-joseph.htm

Episode Music

Lost Cowboy by Kevin MacLeod. Licensed under Creative Commons; Theme Song “Dark & Troubled” by Pantherburn. Special thanks to Phillip St Ours for permission for use

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Episode Sources

• Court Acknowledges Wrongful Execution of 14-Year Old George Stinney, Accessed March 30, 2023. https://eji.org/news/george-stinney-exonerated/
• State v. Stinney, Brief of Amicus Curiae, Accessed April 10, 2023.
• Justice is Done: George Stinney Jr.’s 70 Year Old Conviction is Vacated, April 10, 2023.  https://lawlibrarybarrister.wordpress.com/2014/12/17/justice-is-done-george-stinney-jr-s-70-year-old-conviction-is-vacated/
• New details emerge about an alternate suspect in Alcolu girls’ murders. Accessed April 11, 2023. https://www.postandcourier.com/news/special_reports/new-details-emerge-about-an-alternate-suspect-in-alcolu-girls-murders/article_2b2069f0-2933-11e8-9997-7b67df562df5.html

Episode Music

Dark Times by Kevin MacLeod. Licensed under Creative Commons; Theme Song “Dark & Troubled” by Pantherburn. Special thanks to Phillip St Ours for permission for use

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Episode Sources

The Story Of Dolly Oesterreich – The Woman Who Kept Her Secret Lover In The Attic For Years. Accessed Dec 12, 2022 https://allthatsinteresting.com/dolly-oesterreich

The Murderous Lover Who Lived In A Silver Lake Attic. A True Story. Accessed Dec 29,2022. https://laist.com/news/la-history/hidden-history-of-la-the-murderous-lover-who-lived-in-a-silver-lake-attic

The Legend of Milwaukee’s Most Infamous Love Triangle. Accessed December 30, 2022. https://www.milwaukeemag.com/the-legend-of-milwaukees-most-infamous-love-triangle/

Music

It's the Talk of the Town. Public Domain. 78rpm Collection (1920s 1930s Popular Music) Part JH11

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Episode Sources

• Jane Clement Missing Since 1963. The Hammond Star, Bayou Justice. Accessed February 25, 2020. https://www.hammondstar.com/news/jane-clement-missing-since-1963/article_317d206e-c244-53a3-a061-6b13a44b0413.html
• Dental Chart of Missing Woman Studied. The Daily Iberian. December 10, 1963. https://www.newspapers.com/image/849587767/
• Jane Rowell Clement. Doe Network. Accessed March 13, 2023. https://www.doenetwork.org/cases/1373dfla.html
• Jane Clement Rowell. The Charley Project. Accessed March 13, 2023. https://charleyproject.org/case/jane-rowell-clement
• Jane Clement missing since 1963. Bayou Justice. Accessed March 28, 2023. https://bayoujustice.com/2023/03/jane-clement-missing-since-1963-2/
• Jane Rowell buried in concrete tomb. Bayou Justice. Accessed March 28, 2023. https://bayoujustice.com/2023/03/jane-rowell-buried-in-concrete-tomb/

Episode Music

Not Alone by Lee Rosevere. Licensed under Creative Commons; Theme Song “Dark & Troubled” by Pantherburn. Special thanks to Phillip St Ours for permission for use

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Episode Sources

Florida history: The story of West Palm Beach’s murderous postmistress. The Palm Beach Post. Accessed January 30, 2023. https://www.palmbeachpost.com/story/news/2022/01/09/lena-clarke-mysterious-murderous-postmistress-west-palm-beach/9084494002/

Going Postal, 1920s Style – The Strange Case of Lena Clarke. Palm Beach Past. Accessed January 29, 2023. https://palmbeachpast.org/2021/07/going-postal-1920s-style-the-strange-case-of-lena-clarke/

The Murdering Postal Woman, Lena Clarke, 1921. Historical Crime Detective. Accessed February 2, 2023. https://www.historicalcrimedetective.com/the-murdering-postal-woman-lena-clarke-1921/

Lena Marietta Thankful Clarke. Find A Grave. Accessed February 3, 2023. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/23950611/lena-marietta_thankful-clarke

Theft of $32,000 Solved by Lena Clarke but Murder of Miltimore is still a mystery. The Orlando Sentinel. Accessed February 3, 2023. https://www.newspapers.com/image/313585521/?terms=lena%20clarke&match=1

The Life of Lena Clarke In Her Own Pen. The Miami Herald. Accessed February 3, 2023. https://www.newspapers.com/image/616088404/?terms=lena%20clarke&match=1

Lena Clarke Murder Trial. The MIami Herald. Accessed February 3, 2023. https://www.newspapers.com/image/616088368/?terms=lena%20clarke&match=1

Postmistress Called Insane Freed of Murder. The New York Daily News. Accessed February 3, 2023. https://www.newspapers.com/image/410910479/?terms=lena%20clarke&match=1

Episode Music

St. Francis by by Josh Lippi & The Overtimers. Licensed under Creative Commons; Theme Song “Dark & Troubled” by Pantherburn. Special thanks to Phillip St Ours for permission for use

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Episode Sources

Elizabeth Key. Women in History. Accessed January 10,2023

Elizabeth Key. Library of Virginia. Accessed January 13, 2023 Elizabeth Key and Her History-Changing Lawsuit. ThoughtCo. Accessed January 14, 2023

The Case of Elizabeth Key, 1655/1656 Northumberland County Record Books, 1652-1658, fols. 66-67, 85; 1658-1660, fol. 28; Northumberland County Order Book, 1652-1665, fols. 40, 46, 49. University of Chicago

Taunya Lovell Banks, "Dangerous Woman: Elizabeth Key's Freedom Suit - Subjecthood and Racialized Identity in Seventeenth Century Colonial Virginia", 41 Akron Law Review 799 (2008), Digital Commons Law, University of Maryland. 

Sweet Taste of Liberty Open Source Notebook. Caleb McDaniel. Accessed January 14, 2023

In 1870, Henrietta Wood Sued for Reparations—and Won. Smithsonian Magazine. Accessed February 1, 2023

Episode Music

Magic Forest by Sir Cubworth Licensed under a Creative Commons; Theme Song “Dark & Troubled” by Pantherburn. Special thanks to Phillip St Ours for permission for use

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Episode Sources

Harry F. Powers. Murderpedia. Accessed January 4, 2023. https://murderpedia.org/male.P/p/powers-harry.htm

Hanging the Bluebeard of Quiet Dell. Appalachian History. Accessed January 7, 2023.

https://www.appalachianhistory.net/2014/03/grisly-anniversary-hanging-bluebeard-quiet-dell.html

The Bluebeard of Quiet Dell, Clarksburg Serial Killer. West Virginia Gazette. Accessed January 7, 2023

https://web.archive.org/web/20120324101310/http://www.wvgazette.com/mediafiles/document/2009/03/17/Bluebeard_I090317193022.pdf

Harry Powers' Murder Farm. Morbid Tourism. Accessed February 1, 2023.

https://www.morbidtourism.com/locations/id/606a1c2bc892bc9da3b0864a

Episode Music

Lost by Kevin MacLeod, Licensed under a Creative Commons License; Theme Song “Dark & Troubled” by Pantherburn. Special thanks to Phillip St Ours for permission for use

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Episode Sources

Alma Katherine Kellner. Find A Grave. Accessed January 4, 2023. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/95108249/alma-katherine-kellner

Reward of $500 Offered. Lexington Herald-Leader. December 10, 1909. Accessed Newspapers.com December 20, 2022

Alma Kellner’s Body Is Found. Los Angeles Herald. May 31, 1910. Accessed Newspapers.com December 20, 2022

Triumphed. New York Daily News. July 28, 1935. Accessed Newspapers.com December 20, 2022

Louisville’s Church Fiend Becomes Martyr in France. The Louisville Courier-Journal. November 29, 1936. Accessed Newspapers.com December 20, 2022

Killer Priest— Crimes, Trial And Execution Of Hans Schmidt, Mark Gado ( 2006). Accessed January 10, 2023. https://archive.org/details/KillerPriest--CrimesTrialAndExecutionOfHansSchmidtMarkGado2006

Episode Music

Argonne by Zachariah Hickman and Sense of Loss by Purple Planet Music. Licensed under a Creative Commons License; Theme Song “Dark & Troubled” by Pantherburn. Special thanks to Phillip St Ours for permission for use

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Episode Sources

Scottsboro Trials. Accessed December 14, 2022. 

“Scottsboro Boys” Trials (1931-1937). Famous Trials by Douglas O. Linder. Accessed December 10, 2022. 

Without Fear or Favor: Judge James Edwin Horton and the Trial of the “Scottsboro Boys” By Douglas O. Linder. Accessed December 10, 2022 

The Saga Of The Scottsboro Boys. Accessed January 2, 2023. 

The Scottsboro Trials: A Legal Lynching. Accessed January 2, 2023. 

The Scottsboro Boys: Injustice in Alabama. Accessed December 15, 2022. 

Episode Music

No 7 Alone with My Thoughts by Esther Abrami. Licensed under a Creative Commons License

Theme Song “Dark & Troubled” by Pantherburn. Special thanks to Phillip St Ours for permission for use

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Episode Sources

The Strange Disappearance of Mary Little. Historic Horrors. October 2022

The Mary Shotwell Little Case. The Southern Voice.

Mary Shotwell Little. The Charley Project

The Case of the Missing Bride. Buckhead.com 

What Happened to Mary? The Disappearance of Mary Shotwell Little, Woman's College Alumna. The University of North Carolina at Greensboro

Episode Music

Autumn Sunset by Kevin MacLeod. Kevin MacLeod. Licensed under a Creative Commons License

Theme Song “Dark & Troubled” by Pantherburn. Special thanks to Phillip St Ours for permission for use