The April papers 

Tscholl DW, Ebensperger M, Rahrisch A, Wang H, Heckel H, Thomasius M, et al. Generative AI in simulation debriefings: an exploratory study using the Team-FIRST framework and qualitative feedback from simulation experts and learners. Adv Simul (Lond). 2026;11:14.  

Schlegel C, Schmitz FM, Bauer D. Let’s face it. Individualizing a manikin by means of a lifecast face increases the flow that students experience during simulation training: results from randomized controlled pilot trial. J Healthc Simul. 2025.  

Chadwick LM, O’Dea A. Reclaiming the Systems Identity of Human Factors and Ergonomics in Healthcare. Hum Factors Healthc. 2026:100130.  

Gonzalez-Caminal G, Castillejos-Gallego L, Gomar-Sancho C. Simulosophists: evolving the professional identity of simulation practitioners. Adv Simul (Lond). 2026;11:21. 

Another great month on Simulcast. 

Happy listening  

Don’t forget – Simulation Reconnect in Singapore July 16/17 

Registration open now - HERE 

The March papers 

Delgado M, Worlikar H, McCabe I, O’Keeffe D. Simulated asset tracking study in a diabetes clinic. J Healthc Simul. 2026. doi:10.54531/RZVS5836.  

Tallentire VR, McColgan-Smith S, Stewart F, McIntyre S, Smith SE. The delicate dance of debriefing: exploring how behavioural marker systems influence the socio-emotional dynamics of simulation practice. Adv Simul. 2026. doi:10.1186/s41077-026-00411-4.  

Lervik W, Solberg M, Wiig AC, Berg H. How facilitators use healthcare students’ mistakes to promote reflections and discussions during simulation debriefings. Adv Simul. 2026. doi:10.1186/s41077-026-00412-3.  

Oliver N, Tennant B, Olmo-Ferrer D, Holmes C, Laws-Chapman C, Kumar P. Growing as debriefers, together: eight tips for launching and sustaining an online Meta-Debrief Club. J Healthc Simul. 2026. doi:10.54531/GMFT2275. 

Another great month on Simulcast. 

Happy listening  

Don’t forget – Simulation Reconnect in Singapore July 16/17 

Registration open now - HERE 

The February papers 

Dewdney CJ, et al. Transfer of clinical debriefing from simulation to practice: exploring the barriers and enablers. Adv Simul (Lond). 2026.  

Gormley G, Nestel D. Not just ‘what you say’ but ‘how you say it’: co-creating psychological safety through micro-communication skills in simulation-based education. J Healthc Simul. 2025 Oct 2.  

Carn-Bennett E, Gan KH. Sim2Lead: A new era in leadership training for healthcare professionals. Simul Healthc. 2025;00(00):00–00.  

Biesbroek S, et al. Using human factors and systems simulation to optimize the usability of a code documentation tool. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2026;00(00):000–000.  

Another great month on Simulcast. 

Happy listening  

This article is a call to “join the conversation with human factors practitioners to realise the significant, yet largely untapped, synergies between human factors and translational simulation” This episode is one of those conversations! 

The authors call for closer collaboration between human factors experts and simulation teams to directly improve patient care and health systems. Vic speaks with Dara Byrne, Paul O'Connor and Angela O'Dea to explain definitions, common misunderstandings, and practical examples — from device design and procedural kits to preparing new hospitals. 

The key points: Translational simulation acts as a safe "lab" for systems testing, the importance of systems thinking and data, and practical steps to build sustainable multidisciplinary partnerships that produce measurable, realworld improvements. 

Paul O’Connor is a human factors psychologist and Personal Professor in the School of Medicine at the University of Galway, Ireland. He is the Research Director of the Irish Centre for Applied Patient Safety and Simulation, and Diploma and Masters in Healthcare Simulation and Patient Safety. 

Dara Byrne is the Health Service Executive National Clinical Lead for Simulation in the Republic of Ireland and the Professor of Simulation at the University of Galway. She established the Irish Centre for Applied Patient Safety and Simulation (ICAPSS) in 2017 – accreditation and awards 

Angela O’Dea is human factors psychologist with a background in organisational psychology. She is a senior Lecturer in Human factors Patient Safety and Simulation at University of Galway and leads the PG Diploma in Healthcare Simulation and Patient Safety. 

The December papers 

Larsen BH et al. Simulation training for holistic and systematic health needs assessments of older adults: a qualitative study. Adv Simul. 2025;10:64.  

Gilmore C, Napier R, Ballard J. Transforming learning in trauma and orthopaedics: a proof-of-concept study on a novel 3D printed model with real-time intra-operative radiographic feedback. J Healthc Simul. 2025; Published 05 December 2025.  

Weller J, et al. Resolving latent safety threats identified through in situ simulation: a multicentre mixed-methods study. Adv Simul. 2025; [Article in Press].  

Brazil V, Eller S, Bajaj K. Reimagining simulation for quality and safety in healthcare: connecting paradigms, methods, and communities. Adv Simul. 2025;10:63.  

Another great month on Simulcast. 

Happy listening and happy holidays 

The November papers 

Chevalier S, et al. ‘It feels like I was there!’ A cross-sectional study to understand the sense of presence in simulation, the role of internal factors and simulation modalities.  J Healthc Simul. 2025; https://doi.org/10.54531/QUXY5470 

O’Connor P, Byrne D, O’Dea A. Human factors and translational simulation: misunderstandings and potential opportunities. J Healthc Simul. 2025; Published 2 Oct 2025. https://doi.org/10.54531/UYWH1164 

Baril L, et al. Uncovering success stories: how to resuscitate in situ simulation initiatives in Canadian emergency departments. Adv Simul. 2025;10:47. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41077-025-00376-w 

Dalwood, N., et al.  ‘Acting it out really makes it stick in your brain’: Educating students for patient portrayal during peer simulation. Medical Teacher, 2025. 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2025.2570820 

Another great month on Simulcast. 

Happy listening 

Alex St-Onge-St-Hilaire is a paediatric emergency medicine physician and co-director of the simulation fellowship at KidSIM, based at the Alberta Children’s Hospital in Canada. Alex recently completed a fellowship in simulation education trained with the STORK team  

Louise Dodson is a Simulation Nurse Educator with the Children’s Health Queensland STORK team. She is a paediatric emergency nurse by trade and helped develop the hospital wide simulation program at the Royal Children’s Hospital in Brisbane around 20 years ago.   

Ben Symon (as well as being a Simulcast Co-producer!)  is a simulation consultant for STORK, where he leads the fellowship program and coordinates resource and course development. 

Paediatric resuscitation in regional Queensland: A simulation informed biopsy of current system challenges. Emergency Medicine Australasia 2025 A. St‑Onge‑St‑Hilaire, B. Lawton, L. Dodson, J. Acworth, D. Hufton and B. Symon 

Outreach simulation for system improvement: a novel advocacy and reporting process. Advances in Sim 2025 A. St‑Onge‑St‑Hilaire, B. Lawton, L. Dodson, J. Acworth, D. Hufton and B. Symon 

More about STORK and their educational work here.  

Happy listening! 

In this short episode, Vic is joined by Daniel Seng from Woodlands Health, who will be hosting the event in 2026. 

We welcome simulation practitioners, educators, clinical leaders and quality improvement specialists. The program features workshops and talks, with speakers from Singapore, Australia and Norway. All this in beautiful Singapore, 

To register your interest, please go https://for.sg/interestsimreconnect26 and we will reach out with more updates when registration opens. 

The October papers 

 Cheng A, McGregor C. Applications of artificial intelligence in healthcare simulation: a model of thinking. Advances in Simulation. 2025;10:45. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41077-025-00379-7  

Schram AL, Bonne NL, Henriksen TB, Hertel NT, Petersen PG, Bjerrum MC, et al. Effect of simulation-based team training on sick leave among healthcare professionals: a multisite controlled follow-up study. Journal of Healthcare Simulation. 2025 Sep 3. https://doi.org/10.54531/XCVT3140 

 Verhoeff TL, Janssen JJHM, Röell AE, Hoff RG. The surprising costs of on-site surgical team CRM training: a Dutch example analyzed. Advances in Simulation. 2025;10:37. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41077-025-00367-x  

Barker LT, Bond WF, Willemsen-Dunlap AM, Cooley KL, McGarvey JS, Ruger RL, et al. Simulation-Debriefing Enhanced Needs Assessment to address quality markers in health care: an innovation for prospective hazard analysis. The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety. 2025;51:144–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjq.2024.10.004  

Another great month on Simulcast. 

Happy listening 

This question prompted Lisa Barker and a stellar author team to develop a new model for thinking about value in simulation. They present that model - and the thinking behind it - in Value-based simulation in healthcare: a new model for metrics reporting, recently published in Advances in Simulation. They authors describe their article as “.. designed to support simulation teams and organizational leaders in selecting relevant measurement strategies, aligning simulation work with institutional goals, and co-creating metrics that are operationally meaningful.” 

In this Simulcast/ Advances episode, Vic speaks with Lisa Barker and two of her co-authors; Ben Symon and Katie Walker. Our conversation started with a look back at the challenge of measuring and demonstrating value from simulation activities, and a timeline summary of how this issue has been approached over the last 25 years.  We then parse the value-based simulation in healthcare (VBSH) model, comprising six distinct but interdependent categories: Service Products, Program Perceptions, Acquired Expertise, Workplace Performance, System Benefit, and Value Analyses. Lisa, Ben and Katie leave us with some final thoughts as to how this might be applied in practice and offer some speculation about future work on value in healthcare simulation. 

Some of the many references to background literature in our conversation included: 

Barsuk JH, McGaghie WC, Cohen ER, Balachandran JS, Wayne DB. Use of simulation-based mastery learning to improve the quality of central venous catheter placement in a medical intensive care unit. J Hosp Med. 2009 Sep;4(7):397-403. 

Nestel D, Brazil V, Hay M. You can't put a value on that… Or can you? Economic evaluation in simulation-based medical education. Med Educ. 2018 Feb;52(2):139-141. 

Varpio L, Sherbino J. Demonstrating causality, bestowing honours, and contributing to the arms race: threats to the sustainability of HPE research. Med Educ. 2023;58(1):1–7 

Barker L. et al, Simulation-Debriefing Enhanced Needs Assessment to Address Quality Markers in Health Care: An Innovation for Prospective Hazard Analysis, The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety, Volume 51, Issue 2, 2025, 

Happy listening 

And HOT OFF THE PRESS… 

The AMEE conference Simulation Journal Club was on last week. We reviewed the 4 shortlisted papers on Simulcast with Rune Del Jessen and Gabe Reedy a few weeks ago. The event went well, with standing room only at the presentation of papers in Barcelona. And the winner is … 

 “I Hate Sim!”—Using psychotherapeutic concepts to help educators attend to challenging states of mind during simulation prebriefs.by Drake G, Drewek K.  

Congratulations! 

The September papers 

Charnetski MD, Asoodar M, Wawersik D, van Mook W. Navigating cultural landscapes: a thematic analysis of home faculty experiences in transborder simulation curriculum development and adaptation. BMC Med Educ. 2025;25:888.  

Monteiro S, Sibbald M, Beecroft J, Bhanji F, Caners K, Chen R, et al. Choosing wisely for simulation-based learning in health professions education. Med Sci Educ. 2025.  

Levin O. ‘Reflecting on every move’: the role of video in simulation-based learning for teacher education. Eur J Teach Educ. 2025.  

Ingrassia PL, Barelli A, Benedetti E, Bressan S, Carenzo L, D’Agostino F, et al. A national position paper for the strategic development of healthcare simulation in Italy. J Patient Saf. 2025.  

Another great month on Simulcast. 

Happy listening 

Vic was joined by guest Adam Montagu , Ellen Davies and Parick Frost to discuss two papers relevant to the work being done at Adelaide Health Simulation 

Davies, E., Crawford, L., Crawford, T. et al. Capturing and cultivating the simulated patient/participant (SP) experience: a qualitative study exploring how the perspectives of SPs can inform the co-production of an orientation resource guide. Adv Simul 10, 14 (2025) 

Davies, E., Montagu, A. & Brazil, V. Recommendations for embedding simulation in health services. Adv Simul 8, 23 (2023). 

Some upcoming conferences and courses 

• VSA Translational SIMposium (Northern Health 17 October) https://vicsim.org/component/eventbooking/vsa-event/victorian-translational-simposium 

• Douglas Starship Simulation Advanced Workshop (Courtesy of Erin Carn-Bennett) 

• S3 conference in Singapore – Ben is speaking! 

• Taryn Taylor comes to Bond University - Primed for Insight: Simulation to explore teams and culture 

Another great month on Simulcast. 

Happy listening 

In the latest of our collaborative episodes with Advances in Simulation, Vic interviews Nathan Oliver about his recent article:  

Oliver, N., Twentyman, K. & Howie, K. ‘Everybody’s voice is important’: using translational simulation as a component of change management. Adv Simul 10, 38 (2025). 

Nathan and team were asked to support the transition to a new hospital in Scotland. They took a very human centred approach, and we discussed Laura Rock’s adage to ‘not answer feelings with facts’ when considering staff anxieties about change. They drew upon Bartenuk’s work to orient their thinking about how change was experienced at the individual level, beyond simply measuring resistance or readiness. 

The simulation strategy, design, delivery and debriefing were guided by Nickson’s IPO model. 

• Nickson, C.P., Petrosoniak, A., Barwick, S. et al. Translational simulation: from description to action. Adv Simul 6, 6 (2021) 

Among many interesting elements, we reflected on the process of Systems focused debriefing, including some great work in this area by others. 

• Dubé, Mirette M. et al. PEARLS for Systems Integration: A Modified PEARLS Framework for Debriefing Systems-Focused Simulations. Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare 14(5):p 333-342, October 2019. 

• Colman, N., Dalpiaz, A., Walter, S. et al. SAFEE: A Debriefing Tool to Identify Latent Conditions in Simulation-based Hospital Design Testing. Adv Simul 5, 14 (2020) 

• Bentley, S.K., McNamara, S., Meguerdichian, M. et al. Debrief it all: a tool for inclusion of Safety-II. Adv Simul 6, 9 (2021) 

We discussed data strategies for translational simulation, and the challenges of generating actionable insights from translational simulation. 

One other interesting aspect was one of the data collection methods, using post it notes to capture ‘in the moment’ feelings. 

• Kolbe M, Rudolph JW. What's the headline on your mind right now? How reflection guides simulation-based faculty development in a master class. BMJ Simul Technol Enhanc Learn. 2018 Jul 9;4(3):126-132. 

Nathan was also generous with his shout-outs to collaborators in the simulation and the scholarship of this project, including Simon Edgar, Dan Hufton, Vicky Tallentire and of course his co-authors Kathryn Twentyman and Katie Howie. Congratulations to Nathan and the team. 

Happy listening! 

Also – some upcoming conferences 

Australasian Simulation Congress (Adelaide 11-14 August) https://simaust.com/australasian-simulation-congress/ 

VSA Translational SIMposium (Northern Health 17 October) 

https://vicsim.org/component/eventbooking/vsa-event/victorian-translational-simposium 

The July papers 

Joyce LR, Meeks M, Somerville SG. Interprofessional co-debriefing in simulation—role modeling collaboration: a qualitative study. Simul Healthc. 2025;00(00):1–9.  

Hong E, et al. Exploring the use of a large language model in simulation debriefing: an observational simulation-based pilot study. Simul Healthc. 2025;00(00):1–6.  

Maaz S, et al. Prompt design and comparing large language models for healthcare simulation case scenarios. J Healthc Simul. 2025 May 12. 

 Selected Abstracts from the Annual Meeting of SESAM - the Society for Simulation in Europe, 2025. Adv Simul 10 (Suppl 1), 35 (2025). 

Another great month on Simulcast. 

Happy listening 

Rune and Gabe tell us about the event, the way papers are selected, and then preview the top 4 that will be presented at the event. For AMEE 2025 registration – link here 

The papers: - 

1. Bevis Z, Nestel D, Kumar A, Gibson S, Kavanagh M, Rosado C, et al. Instruction and guidance in healthcare simulation: a scoping review. J Healthc Simul. Published online 5 Mar 2025. 
2. Behrens CC, Dolmans DH, Driessen EW, Gormley GJ. ‘Dancing with emotions’: An interpretive descriptive study of facilitators’ recognition and response to students’ emotions during simulation. Med Educ. 2025;59(4):439-448. 
3. Evans JC, Evans MB, Lingard L. Team cognition in healthcare simulation: a framework for deliberate measurement. Adv Simul (Lond). 2025;10:12. doi:10.1186/s41077-025-00333-7 
4. Drake G, Drewek K. “I Hate Sim!”—Using psychotherapeutic concepts to help educators attend to challenging states of mind during simulation prebriefs. Simul Healthc. 2024;19(6):e147-e153.  

Happy listening! 

vb 

The papers 

1. Paguio JT, Tieu M, Davies EL. Functions and roles of embedded participants in health simulation – an exploratory qualitative observational study protocol. J Healthc Simul. 2025 Apr 28. 
2. Walker S, Purdy E, Houghton H, Dace W, Brazil V. Navigating professional identities: nursing faculty as embedded simulation participants in medical student simulations. Adv Simul. 2025;10(28).
3. Fatovich DM, Carey S, Iliff J, Jowitt T, Weber DG, Vance JS. Integrating research practice into resuscitation simulation training improves recruitment into complex clinical trials. Emerg Med Australas. 2025;37:e70064.
4. Mitchell K, Canham R, Hughes K, Tallentire VR. Simulation-based education and sustainability: creating a bridge to action. Adv Simul. 2025;10(27).  

Another great month on Simulcast. 

Happy listening 

The papers 

Amorøe TN et al. Resilience-focused debriefing: addressing complexity in interprofessional simulation-based education—a design-based research study. Adv Simul. 2025; 10:25.  

Nestel D, et al. ‘Tending’ the ‘garden’ of psychological safety in simulation-based education. J Healthc Simul. 2025 Apr 21.  

Cheng A, et al. Artificial intelligence-assisted academic writing: recommendations for ethical use. Adv Simul. 2025;10:22.  

Kiernan R, et al. Medical students' preferences on practicing intravenous insertion on each other and via simulation. Simul Healthc. 2025 Apr;20(2):129–135.  

Another great month on Simulcast. 

Happy listening 

In this episode Vic and Ben speak with Andrew Petrosoniak and Christopher Hicks from Advanced Performance. Chris and Petro are both emergency physicians who have built an impressive repertoire of using simulation to explore and improve performance of team, systems and spaces in healthcare. 

Our conversation is wide ranging, offering perspectives on why this use of simulation is still relatively limited, as well as how the processes for this technique are evolving. 

We talked about design thinking and simulation, the use of framework analysis, the Macleamy curve, and the concepts of ROI for this work. 

Ben shared his favourite book on design principles. We referred to some other excellent podcasts including Paul Phrampus talking about connecting with hospital executives on One Million Lives, and our own episode of Simulcast discussing Nora Colman’s paper saving $90 million testing a hospital before it was built. 

Lots more on the Advanced Performance website. 

Happy listening  

The papers 

Kumar P, Harrison NM, McAleer K, Khan I, Somerville SG. Exploring the role of self-led debriefings within simulation-based education: time to challenge the status quo?. Adv Simul. 2025;10(9). 

Evans JC, Evans MB, Lingard L. Team cognition in healthcare simulation: a framework for deliberate measurement. Adv Simul. 2025;10(12). 

Barsalou LW. Simulation, situated conceptualization, and prediction. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009;364(1521):1281–89. 

Kou M, Sanseau E, Kardong-Edgren S, von Hauff P, Ramachandra G, Walsh B, et al. Enhancing simulation-based healthcare education and research reporting using pictograms: does a picture paint a thousand words? Commentary from the International Distance Simulation Summit Pictogram Track. J Healthc Simul. 2025 Apr 14. 

Another great month on Simulcast. 

Happy listening 

The article: 

Kamala BA, Ersdal HL, Moshiro RD, Guga G, Dalen I, Kvaløy JT, Bundala FA, Makuwani A, Kapologwe NA, Mfaume RS, Mduma ER, Mdoe P; Safer Births Bundle of Care Study Group. Outcomes of a Program to Reduce Birth-Related Mortality in Tanzania. N Engl J Med. 2025 Mar 13;392(11):1100-1110. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2406295. 

The papers 

1. Wu, T., & Coggins, A. R. (2025). Low-cost electronic medical record interface for healthcare simulation. Journal of Healthcare Simulation SRSIS, 1, S9–S11. https://doi.org/10.54531/AGRS5189 

1. Hybinette, K., Praetorius, G., Ekstedt, M., & Pukk Härenstam, K. (2025). Navigating the complexity of emergency department care coordination: A qualitative exploration of adaptive strategies using a tabletop sandbox simulation. Applied Ergonomics, 125, 104466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104466 

1. Newhouse, L., & Polwart, N. (2025). What can simulation educators learn from the reluctant participant? An exploration of the factors influencing engagement amongst adult learners participating in paediatric simulation training. Advances in Simulation, 10(4). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41077-025-00331-9 

1. Stokes-Parish, J., Bannatyne, A., Green, P., Alsaba, N., Turner, C., Marr, K., & Gough, S. (2025). Benchmarking person-centered simulated participant programs: A Delphi consensus study in an Australian context. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 99, 101683. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2024.101683 

Another great month on Simulcast. 

Happy listening 

We reflected on our first episode in 2016, and our review of Davis Gaba’s Future vision of simulation in healthcare. Ben ventured that he thought we might end up like the Margaret and David of journal club hosts. 😊 We all then had a slightly more serious thought about our future vison of healthcare simulation over the next 10 years. 

Happy listening. 

In this episode Vic interviews Dr Ava Butler, an emergency doctor and QI/ simulation practitioner from rural British Columbia. We discussed her recent article about how equipment re-design and translational simulation was used to dramatically improve preparation speed and staff level of comfort with advanced airway management. 

The conversation was informative and inspiring. We talked about the liberating structures process of brainstorming ideas for improvement, the role of patient partners in improvement, the hierarchy of interventions in quality improvement, and the significance of qualitative measures and stories in improvement efforts. 

We marvelled at the dramatic improvements they achieved using a color-coded airway cart and translational simulation; a 76% reduction in time taken to prepare airway equipment, and significant improvements in staff comfort and team culture. EM sim cases got an honourable mention 😊, as did quality improvement initiatives that bring teams to the forefront. Ava explained just how rewarding it is to be part of a rural practitioner team who design improvements with patients at the centre. 

Learn about the implementation of a color-coded airway cart and how quality improvement techniques empowered healthcare workers, increased their confidence, and enhanced patient experiences. 

Happy Listening 

The paper  

Ava Butler, Michael Chen, Shruti Kaushik, Terra Lee, Liam Raudaschl & Audrey Giles. From “Airway scares me” to “I would say I’m pretty comfortable”: quality improvement for reducing time to obtain equipment for adult advanced airway management in a rural emergency department. Can J Emerg Med (2025). 

 A call to honour SPs, saving $90million though simulation testing, cognitive biases in simulation debriefing and inspiring simulation-based improvement work from Tanzania. 

The papers 

Clark, L., et al (2024). Call to Action: Honoring Simulated Participants and Collaborating With Simulated Participant Educators. Simulation in Healthcare.  

Colman, Net al. (2024). The Business Case for Simulation-Based Hospital Design Testing: $90M Saved in Costs Avoided. Pediatric Quality and Safety, 9:e775.  

Meguerdichian, M. J., et al. (2024). When Common Cognitive Biases Impact Debriefing Conversations. Advances in Simulation, 9:48.  

Kamala, B. A et. al. (2025). Practice, Experiences, and Facilitators of Simulation-Based Training During One Year of Implementation in 30 Hospitals in Tanzania. SAGE Open Nursing, 11, 1–13.  

 Another great month on Simulcast. 

Happy listening 

The conversation delves into the importance of recognizing and addressing emotions in simulation-based learning environments. Vicki and Glenn share insights on why emotions are often seen as taboo or difficult to manage in simulation, despite being a natural part of clinical practice (and everyday life!). They explain how emotions impact cognitive processes like attention, judgment and memory, and why ignoring them can hinder learning objectives. 

We explore practical strategies for identifying emotional cues, assessing whether emotions are helpful or hindering, and employing implicit or explicit regulation techniques. We emphasize the need to normalize emotional responses and view them as valuable data, rather than something to be avoided. 

The article aims to provide simulation educators with a comprehensive framework for understanding and responding to the emotional aspects of simulation-based learning. It challenges the notion that simulation should be a purely rational endeavour, underscoring the vital role emotions play in preparing healthcare learners for the realities of clinical practice. 

Happy listening! 

And, for bonus holiday viewing… also check out Ben Symon’s brilliant talk at the Victorian Simulation Alliance on the importance of algorithm design in healthcare and how simulation can help.  

The articles (with links): - 

Barnett SG, Stephens KM. Simulated impact of lift car sizes on transport of critical care patients: Informing the design of the New Dunedin Hospital. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2024 May;52(3):188-196. 

Kumar, Prashant et al. Exploring the Meta-debrief: Developing a Toolbox for Debriefing the Debrief. Simulation in Healthcare, October 22, 2024 

Phillips, Emma et al. Development and validation of the theatre team tool (TTT): A clinical debriefing tool for multidisciplinary theatre teams. Trends in Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Volume 58, 2024. 

Vaughn, J. et al. Promoting psychological safety in simulation using a novel visual tool: A mixed-methods quasi-experimental study, Nurse Education Today, Volume 146, 2025, 

Happy holidays and thanks for listening to Simulcast in 2024! 

The articles (with links): - 

Brutschi, R., Wang, R., Kolbe, M. et al. Speech recognition technology for assessing team debriefing communication and interaction patterns: An algorithmic toolkit for healthcare simulation educators. Adv Simul 9, 42 (2024). 

Slakey DP, et al. Using simulation to improve root cause analysis of adverse surgical outcomes. Int J Qual Health Care. 2014 Apr;26(2):144-50 

Paganotti LA, Shope R, Calhoun A, McDonald PL. Barriers and Facilitators to Implementing Simulation-Based Translational Research: A Qualitative Study. Simul Healthc. 2024 Aug 1;19(4):220-227 

Gosselin, Kevin et al. Efficacy of 15-minute music intervention on nursing students' anxiety, self-efficacy, and performance in simulation testing: A randomized study. Clinical Simulation In Nursing, Nov 2024 Volume 96, 101625 

And… Don’t forget Simulation Reconnect is on again  

Bond University, Wednesday 27th November. Registration here  

The articles (with links): - 

Grace MA, O'Malley R. Using In Situ Simulation to Identify Latent Safety Threats in Emergency Medicine: A Systematic Review. Simul Healthc. 2024 Aug 1;19(4):243-253 

Eller S, Vlasses F, Horsley T, Connor J. Simulation psychological safety ecosystem: using constructivist grounded theory to explore nurses’ experiences with prelicensure simulation. International Journal of Healthcare Simulation. 2024 

Smith, S.E., Tallentire, V.R., Doverty, J. et al. Reclaiming identities: exploring the influence of simulation on refugee doctors’ workforce integration. Adv Simul 9, 37 (2024) 

Dieckmann, Peter et al. Combining storytelling and a scenario re-enactment of Mt. Everest expeditions to practice cognitive and social skills. Clinical Simulation In Nursing, Volume 96, 101591 

Happy listening! 

And… Don’t forget Simulation Reconnect is on again  

Bond University, Wednesday 27th November. Registration here  

Godmon, A., Walker, K., & Symon, B. (2024). Hijacking telehealth technology to deliver tele-simulation: outlining the tangible and unanticipated benefits. International Journal of Healthcare Simulation.

Korimbocus, B., Wilson, H., McGuckin, A. et al. ‘Having skin in the game’: guiding principles for incorporating moulage into OSCEs. Adv Simul 9, 34 (2024)

Lorello GR, Hodwitz K, Issenberg SB, Brydges R. Relinquishing control? Supervisor co-regulation may disrupt students' self-regulated learning during simulation-based training. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract. 2024 Mar;29(1):9-25.

Stone KP, Rutman L, Calhoun AW, et.al. SQUIRE-SIM (Standards for Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence for SIMulation): Publication Guidelines for Simulation-Based Quality Improvement Projects. Simul Healthc. 2024 Aug 16.

Happy listening!

And also mentioned on the podcast - Sarah Blissett’s winning article at the AMEE Simulation Journal Club. We loved it too and reviewed on Simulcast back in March. Listen again here!

And… Don’t forget Simulation Reconnect is on again

Bond University, Wednesday 27th November. Registration here

Erin is a Simulation Nurse Educator for Douglas Starship Simulation Programme, Lead host Sim Nurse NZ podcast, Co-founder Sim2Lead, Content Coordinator and Writer for HealthySimulation.com, Nursing Director Med Sim Solutions 

The International Paediatric Simulation Society (IPSS) is a global community of multidisciplinary paediatric focused health professionals from over 30 countries, working to improving the care of infants and children worldwide through multi-disciplinary, simulation-based education, training, and research in paediatric simulation 

IPSS host a resource rich website, run events and an annual conference. Now they’ve decided to start a podcast! Erin is joined in that venture by Samreen Vora, Christine Bailey, and Elaine Ng. 

Erin and Vic talked about the work of IPSS and the aspiration of the podcast to support that mission. 

The first episode is out, and you can listen on Spotify here. 

Happy listening 

vb 

The articles: - 

Kerins, J., Ralston, K., Stirling, S.A. et al. Training as imagined? A critical realist analysis of Scotland’s internal medicine simulation programme. Adv Simul 9, 27 (2024) 

Ajmi SC, Kurz M, Lindner TW, et al. Does clinical experience influence the effects of team simulation training in stroke thrombolysis? A prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2024;14:e086413 

Diaz-Navarro, C., Jones, B., Pugh, G. et al. Improving quality through simulation; developing guidance to design simulation interventions following key events in healthcare. Adv Simul 9, 30 (2024). 

Diaz-Navarro C, Enjo-Perez I, Leon-Castelao E, Hadfield A, Nicolas-Arfelis JM, Castro-Rebollo P. Implementation of the TALK© clinical self-debriefing tool in operating theatres: a single-centre interventional study. Br J Anaesth. 2024 Jul 29:S0007-0912(24)00413-6. 

And also mentioned on the podcast  

The Self Development Module on ‘Introduction to Quality Improvement’ 

Happy listening! 

And… Date Claimers 

The Victorian Translational SIMposium 

6th September, Melbourne . Details and registration here  

Simulation Reconnect is on again  

Bond University, Wednesday 27th November. Registration here  

We know that speaking up is good for patient safety, but hard to do, and that training may not be effective in altering behaviour in the face of hierarchy and cultural barriers. In this article, Taryn Taylor and her research team suggest that indirect, subtle challenges are less well understood and may have more value than we’ve appreciated. And maybe patent presence might be an important influence on this behaviour? 

Taryn Taylor is an OBGYN and simulation practitioner and researcher. She is assistant professor of Obstetrics & Gynaecology at Western University in London Ontario Canada, a graduate of the Uni Ottawa Simulation Fellowship, and has a PhD in Health Professions Education from Maastricht University. As a researcher, most recently she’s focused on using sociological fidelity in simulation to explore the complex social dynamics in healthcare teams that impact care delivery and patient outcomes. 

The article is a methodological masterclass, showing us how to create ‘sociologic fidelity’ to allow research of these complex relational phenomena and how to use this ‘simulation primed elicitation approach’ to collect data. 

The findings are unsettling but important! Even in the face of error and lapses in patient safety, the communication remained indirect, subtle, and sometimes non-verbal. Study subjects described quite problematic assumptions about their teams, that we must recognise to advance work in this area. 

Taryn helps us get the story behind the study and we reflect on how this might translate to a broader educational agenda. 

Happy listening! 

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The articles: - 

Holgaard, R., Bruun, B., Zingenberg, F. et al. An interview study about how nurses and physicians talk about the same concepts differently. BMC Med Educ 24, 698 (2024). 

Mutch, J., Golden, S., Purdy, E. et al. Equity, diversity and inclusion in simulation-based education: constructing a developmental framework for medical educators. Adv Simul 9, 20 (2024). 

Wiltrakis, S., Hwu, R., Holmes, S. et al. Debriefer cognitive load during Traditional Reflective Debriefing vs. Rapid Cycle Deliberate Practice interdisciplinary team training. Adv Simul 9, 23 (2024) 

Jafri FN, et al. Stress Testing the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory: A Novel Use of In Situ Simulation to Identify and Mitigate Latent Safety Threats During Acute Airway Management. Simul Healthc. 2024 Apr 1;19(2):75-81. 

Happy listening! 

And… Date Claimers 

The Victorian Translational SIMposium 

6th September, Melbourne . Details and registration here  

Simulation Reconnect is on again  

Bond University, Wednesday 27th November. Registration here  

We were pleased to release this episode in conjunction with Laerdal’s One Million lives podcast  

SESAM is the Society for Simulation in Europe. Their vision is “improved healthcare through simulation. Enabling safe, patient-centred care delivered by a competent and confident healthcare workforce in a well-functioning healthcare system”. The 2024 conference in Prague drew more than 1000 attendees from 63 countries. 

Our highlights included  

1. A brilliant keynote from Lisa Brogaard and Tanja Manser on their research program on nontechnical skills in maternity resuscitation teams. Example articles here and here 
2. A research update from Gabe Reedy and Michaela Kolbe (EIC and Senior Editor at Advances in Simulation). This included a focus on the SiREN network within SESAM. 
3. The announcement that Advances in Simulation now has an Impact Factor – its 2.8 ! More on Impact Factor here.
4. Another excellent keynote – from Prague based journalist and science communicator Daniel Stach
5. Exhibitors and industry updates
6. Great short communications - including an update from Jo Park Ross and Marvin Jansen from Capetown, SA, talking about their SHARE initiative - Simulation in Healthcare for African Research and Education. ‘fostering fairness, equity and diversity in research’  http://blogs.uct.ac.za/SHARE/
7. Our VEMS (Visually Enhanced Mental Simulations) workshop – with Ben’s new resource for VEMS delivery here  

Next year – SESAM is in Valencia Spain June 2025! 

The articles: - 

Cristina Diaz-Navarro, Colette Laws-Chapman, Michael Moneypenny, Makani Purva. The ASPiH Standards – 2023: guiding simulation-based practice in health and care. IJOHS 2024 

Diaz-Navarro, C., Armstrong, R., Charnetski, M. et al. Global consensus statement on simulation-based practice in healthcare. Adv Simul 9, 19 (2024). 

Szabo, R.A., Molloy, E., Allen, K.J. et al. Leaders’ experiences of embedding a simulation-based education programme in a teaching hospital: an interview study informed by normalisation process theory. Adv Simul 9, 21 (2024). 

Sharon Clipperton, Leah McIntosh, Sarah Janssens, Benjamin Symon. Designing a faculty development programme for systems-focused translational simulation. IJOHS 2024 

Happy listening! 

And… Date Claimer 

Simulation Reconnect is on again  

Bond University, Wednesday 27th November. Registration here  

The articles: - 

Guimbarda, N et al. A Comparison of 2 Debriefing Rubrics to Assess Facilitator Adherence to the PEARLS Debriefing Framework. Simulation in Healthcare: April 24, 2024 

Phillips EC, et al. Systematic review of clinical debriefing tools: attributes and evidence for use. BMJ Quality & Safety 2024;33:187-198. 

Aljuwaiser, S. et al. Evaluating the effects of simulation training on stroke thrombolysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Adv Simul 9, 11 (2024). 

Ho, Yun-Chi et al. Older Taiwanese Volunteers as Standardized Patients: Service Motivation, Identity Formation, and Internal Transformation. Simulation in Healthcare: November 13, 2023 

Happy listening! 

And… Date Claimer 

Simulation Reconnect is on again  

Bond University, Wednesday 27th November. Details and early registration to be released shortly. 

The articles: - 

Drake, G. Drewek, K. “I Hate Sim!”—Using Psychotherapeutic Concepts to Help Educators Attend to Challenging States of Mind During Simulation Prebriefs. Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare February 27, 2024. 

Dube et al. Harnessing system-focused simulation, debriefing and FMEA to inform healthcare blood transfusion safety and policy. International Journal of Healthcare Simulation. July 2022 

Haynes, J.  Rettedal, S. Ushakova, A. Perlman, J. Ersdal, H. How Much Training Is Enough? Low-Dose, High-Frequency Simulation Training and Maintenance of Competence in Neonatal Resuscitation. Simulation in Healthcare: March 6, 2024 

Sullivan, C.C., O’Leary, D.M., Boland, F.M. et al. A comparative analysis of student, educator, and simulated parent ratings of video-recorded medical student consultations in pediatrics. Adv Simul 9, 10 (2024). 

And… 

Don’t forget to register for SESAM. Program and speakers released now. Will be an awesome few days in Prague in June 19th – 21st. 

Happy listening 

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The articles: - 

Goodwin B, Nestel D. Demystifying simulators in healthcare. International Journal of Healthcare Simulation 2024. 

Swain C, et al. Trauma surgical simulation: discussing the replacement of live animals used as human patient simulators. Advances in Simulation 2024. 

Blissett S, et al. How do residents respond to uncertainty with peers and supervisors in multidisciplinary teams? Insights from simulations with epistemic fidelity. Advances in Simulation 2024. 

Sa-Couto C, et al. Writing a research abstract for a conference: 12 tips to excel in your work. International Journal of Healthcare Simulation. 2024 

Happy listening 

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The articles: - 

Riggs, J., McGowan, M. & Hicks, C. Dream one, do one, teach one: a mental practice script for bougie assisted cricothyrotomy. Can J Emerg Med (2023).  

Marshall SD, Sanderson P, McIntosh CA, Kolawole H. The effect of two cognitive aid designs on team functioning during intra-operative anaphylaxis emergencies: a multi-centre simulation study. Anaesthesia. 2016 Apr;71(4):389-404.  

Woodward M, Dixon-Woods M, Randall W, et al. How to co-design a prototype of a clinical practice tool: a framework with practical guidance and a case study. BMJ Quality & Safety Published Online First: 12 December 2023 

Symon B. and Walker K. Learning in healthcare virtual communities of practice; let’s rethink how we connect and grow. 2023. International Journal of Healthcare Simulation. 

Happy listening 

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Some highlights  

• Vicki LeBlanc talked about emotions and simulation. More from Vicki on Simulcast here. 
• Katie Walker and Ben Symon talked about ROI and demonstrating value and impact from our sim work.  
• Ellen Davies gave us the Art and Science of designing recommendations for an organisation-wide simulation program. Our recent podcast with her here 
• Zach Buxton helped us demystify 3 D printing for simulation educators.  
• Ian Summers shared his “Confessions of a manikin addict”  

Another nice summary of the day in IJOHS – thanks Liam McCollow 

And finally …We are on again in 2024 

Wednesday 27th November. Sim Reconnect 2024. Mark your diaries! 

In the meantime, if you’re interested in writing…. An academic, educator or clinician who just wants to ‘write better’… Consider our Writers festival at Bond University Monday 18th March. More information and registrations here 

In this episode, Jesse is (finally) back behind the mic to interview Ellie Davies and Victoria Brazil about their work and recent publication in Advances in Simulation.

Davies, E., Montagu, A. & Brazil, V. Recommendations for embedding simulation in health services. Adv Simul 8, 23 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41077-023-00262-3

We explore the background to this work and look to understand:

1. The concept of sim being embedded - why/ what contexts?

2. What do good 'embedded' sim services do?

3. The recommendations.

The recommendation domains are: (1) governance and leadership; (2) human resources; (3) principles and planning; (4) operationalise and evaluate and (5) look to the future.

For more detail listen to the episode or head to Advances in Simulation in Healthcare to read the article.

You can find Ellie, Adam and Victoria on LinkedIn and also contact Ellie as the corresponding author of the article on Advances.

This is the first of a series on teamwork that we will be releasing over the next 12 months at Simulcast. Our motivation is to give simulation practitioners a deeper understanding of teamwork and to enable more nuanced conversations about team performance and improvement in the debriefing room and beyond. We want to go beyond simple concepts and buzzwords about teamwork.  

Relax though, if you are not a teamwork nerd……in 2024 our Simulcast Journal Club will run every month with our usual eclectic mix of literature, and our teamwork thread episodes will be additional. 

So, this month we embarked on the journey with some classics: 

Rosenman et al. Changing Systems Through Effective Teams: A Role for Simulation. Academic Emergency Medicine 2017 

Hicks and Petrosoniak. The Human Factor Optimizing Trauma Team Performance in Dynamic Clinical Environments. Emerg Clin N America 2018 

Bolton et al. Revisiting Relational Coordination: A Systematic Review. Journal of Applied Behavioural Science 2021 

Anderson et al. Understanding adaptive teamwork in health care: Progress and future directions. Journal of Health Services Research and Policy 2021 

We also reflected on some great offerings from Eve and Ben with their talks on Relational Coordination and transactive memory systems at DFTB22. 

Also – don’t forget – Simulation Reconnect is on again.  

Wednesday November 15th at Bond University. Registrations open now!  

Happy listening 

vb 

Links here. 

Rodgers, David  et al. Artificial Intelligence and the Simulationists. Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare, September 21, 2023. 

Scerbo, Mark Can Artificial Intelligence Be My Coauthor?. Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare 18(4): p 215-218, August 2023. 

Vadla, May Sissel et al.. Increase in Newborns Ventilated Within the First Minute of Life and Reduced Mortality After Clinical Data-Guided Simulation Training. Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare, July 18, 2023. 

Pai, Dinker Ramananda MS, FRCS (Edin), CHSE, FSSH. Recovering From Adversity: Do We Need to Protect Our Learners?. Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare 18(5):p 349-350, October 2023. 

Also – don’t forget – Simulation Reconnect is on again.  

Wednesday November 15th at Bond University. Registrations open now!  

Happy listening 

Links here. 

Rajendran G, et al. (August 10, 2023) The Effect of Simulated Patient Death on Learner’s Stress and Knowledge Retention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Cureus 15(8): e43278 

Lorello GR, et al. Relinquishing control? Supervisor co-regulation may disrupt students' self-regulated learning during simulation-based training. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract. 2023 May 28. 

Smith-Millman M,et al. Hazard Assessment and Remediation Tool for Simulation-Based Healthcare Facility Design Testing. HERD. 2023 Aug 7 

Lingard L. Writing with ChatGPT: An Illustration of its Capacity, Limitations & Implications for Academic Writers. Perspect Med Educ. 2023 Jun 29;12(1):261-270. 

Plus Ben referred to this interesting Revisionist History episode – on answering new moral dilemmas through the Jesuit practice of casuistry. (We listen to podcasts as well you see)   

Also – don’t forget – Simulation Reconnect is on again.  

Wednesday November 15th at Bond University. Registrations open now!  

Happy listening 

Links here. 

Weldon et al. Transformative forms of simulation in health care – the seven simulation-based ‘I’s: a concept taxonomy review of the literature 

Smith et al. Older adults as simulated participants: a scoping review 

Bond et al. The Use of Virtual Standardized Patients for Practice in High Value Care 

Klenke-Borgmann et al. Role Clarity and Interprofessional Colleagues in Psychological Safety: A Faculty Reflection 

Also – don’t forget – Simulation Reconnect is on again.  

Wednesday November 15th at Bond University. Registrations open now!  

Together we explore how Sam and Vicky’s article introduces this concept of simulation for social integration, what that means, and then what that looks like through a series of case studies from sim teams around Scotland.  In doing so we unpack some deeper theories from the social sciences about the seeds of discord and how we can blossom them into something more productive. 

Many thanks to Sam, Eve and Vicky for their time. 

Reference:  

Samantha Eve Smith, Victoria Ruth Tallentire. Simulation for social integration, International Journal of Healthcare Simulation,  . 10.54531/tdzn8875. https://www.ijohs.com/article/doi/10.54531/tdzn8875 

Links here. 

Barlow et al. Understanding observed receiver strategies in the healthcare speaking up context.  

Petrosoniak et al. Are we talking about practice? A randomized study comparing simulation‑based deliberate practice and mastery learning to self‑guided practice 

Varpio & Sherbino. Demonstrating causality, bestowing honours, and contributing to the arms race: Threats to the sustainability of HPE research 

Kainth & Reedy. Transforming Professional Identity in Simulation Debriefing: A Systematic Metaethnographic Synthesis of the Simulation Literature 

Also – don’t forget – Simulation Reconnect is on again.  

Wednesday November 15th at Bond University. Registrations open now!  

Happy listening 

In this episode, Vic speaks with Dr Karen Dickinson about her work in IPE at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences in Little Rock, AR., where she is an Assistant Professor of Surgery and the Director of IPE Simulation and Clinical Skills Training. 

Karen gave us an overview of work in the area of IPE – “learning about, from, and with other professions”. Groups such as the Interprofessional Education Collaborative (IPEC) offer resources such as this scoping review of IPE and patient care and this Institutional Assessment Instrument (readers can evaluate their IPE efforts locally) 

We spoke about the differences and similarities between ‘IPE’ and ‘team training’ in sim and the barriers and enablers of this kind of work.  

Karen cited some examples, including interprofessional trauma simulations, and the mock trial involving health professions and law students,  (previously discussed on Simulcast!) 

A cross-cutting theme was that success requires a thoughtful change management strategy, including institutional alignment, deep engagement with stakeholders, and using evidence-informed approaches. 

Thanks to Dr Karen Dickinson for her insights  

Links here  

Bahr, N., Ivankovic, J., Meckler, G. et al. Measuring cognitively demanding activities in pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Adv Simul 8, 15 (2023). 

Janssens, Sarah & Kikkawa, Yoriko & Mavin, Timothy. (2023). How do maternity teams perform in and perceive a role-based approach to teamwork in maternity emergencies? A qualitative study in simulation. International Journal of Healthcare Simulation. 10.54531/wywv6555. 

Lee JY, Donkers J, Jarodzka H, Sellenraad G, Faber TJE, van Merriënboer JJG. The Effects of Reflective Pauses on Performance in Simulation Training. Simul Healthc. 2023 May 3. 

Somerville SG, Harrison NM, Lewis SA. Twelve tips for the pre-brief to promote psychological safety in simulation-based education. Med Teach. 2023 May 21:1-8. 

Also – don’t forget – Simulation Reconnect is on again.  

Wednesday November 15th at Bond University. Registrations open now! 

The main conversation was our recent article - Exploring participant experience to optimize the design and delivery of stress exposure simulations in emergency medicine.  

In our conversation we also talked about adaptive expertise, the book ‘Teams that Work’, and Dan’s application of mental rehearsal and principles from martial arts. 

Happy listening! 

Links here  

Vemuri, Sidharth. Et al. Informing Simulation Design: A Qualitative Phenomenological Study of the Experiences of Bereaved Parents and Actors. Simulation in Healthcare: 18(2):p 75-81, April 2023. 

Rose SC, et al. Interprofessional clinical event debriefing-does it make a difference? Attitudes of emergency department care providers to INFO clinical event debriefings. CJEM. 2022 Nov;24(7):695-701. 

Phillips, Emma et al. Maximizing opportunities during a simulation fellowship. International Journal of Healthcare Simulation April 2023 

Clarke, Samuel et al. Fostering Adaptive Expertise Through Simulation. Academic Medicine. April 21, 2023. And for more on educating for adaptive expertise, you might like to listen to this Harvard Macy Institute podcast.  

Also – don’t forget – Simulation Reconnect is on again.  

Wednesday November 15th at Bond University. Registrations open now! 

If you’d like to explore what your listening style is, you can check out the quiz in Bodie’s 2013 paper here. 

The paper 

Minehart, R., Symon, B. and Rock, L. (2022) What's your listening style?, Harvard Business Review. Available at: https://hbr.org/2022/05/whats-your-listening-style  

Links here (all open access) 

Kaba et al. Entrustable Professional Activities for simulation faculty?! A novel approach to standardizing mentorship and faculty development for healthcare simulation programs. International Journal of Healthcare Simulation. 2023;:1-10. 

Baliga, K., Halamek, L.P., Warburton, S. et al. The Debriefing Assessment in Real Time (DART) tool for simulation-based medical education. Adv Simul 8, 9 (2023). 

Shariff et al. Learning After the Simulation Is Over: The Role of Simulation in Supporting Ongoing Self-Regulated Learning in Practice. Academic Medicine 95(4):p 523-526, April 2020 

Frerejean, J. et al. Critical design choices in healthcare simulation education: a 4C/ID perspective on design that leads to transfer. Adv Simul 8, 5 (2023) 

Also – don’t forget – Simulation Reconnect is on again.  

Wednesday November 15th at Bond University. Registrations open in May.  

Susan is Associate Dean for Immersive Learning and Learning Spaces at the Center for Immersive and simulation Based learning at Stanford, and a long time friend of Simulcast. Her co-authors for this article are Jenny Rudolph, Stephanie Barwick, Sarah Janssens, and Komal Bajaj. 

In the episode we discuss the challenges for ISS: space, time, people, resources, safety; but also the opportunities: exploring work environments and the people in them, and probing systems and processes. The authors recognised the need for patient, systematic engagement with staff across healthcare institutions, and take us through their journeys in three separate ISS programs. They call their implementation approach ‘longitudinal prebriefing’. This great work is a reminder of how we need to play the ‘long game’ as simulation faculty, and to embrace ISS implementation as an organisational change challenge.

Christensen, M.D., Østergaard, D., Stagelund, S. et al. Embracing multiple stakeholders’ perspectives in defining competent simulation facilitators’ characteristics and educational behaviours: a qualitative study from Denmark, Korea, and Australia. Adv Simul 8, 1 (2023). 

Cassidy, D.J., Jogerst, K., Coe, T. et al. Simulation versus reality: what can interprofessional simulation teach us about team dynamics in the trauma bay?. Global Surg Educ 1, 56 (2022). 

Swerdlow, Barry et al. What is the Best Method to Teach Screen-Based Simulation in Anesthesia Distance Education? Clinical Simulation In Nursing, Volume 74, 49 - 56 

Karen J Dickinson, Wendy L Ward, Robert Minarcin, Christopher Trudeau, Kathryn K Neill . International Journal of Healthcare Simulation: An interprofessional medical malpractice mock trial: event evolution and assessment of efficacy. 10.54531/zxmk6987. Adi Health + Wellness.  

Happy listening! 

Preiksaitis CM, Lee MO, Schertzer K. Creating a Safe Space for Simulation: Is it Time to Stop Calling Them Confederates? Simul Healthc. 2022 Nov 28.  

Paul O’Connor, Emily O’Dowd, Sinéad Lydon, Dara Byrne . International Journal of Healthcare Simulation: Developing a strategic plan for a healthcare simulation facility. 

Mallory LA, Doughty CB, Davis KI, Cheng A, Calhoun AW, Auerbach MA, Duff JP, Kessler DO. A Decade Later-Progress and Next Steps for Pediatric Simulation Research. Simul Healthc. 2022 Dec 1;17(6):366-376.  

Minors AM, Yusaf TC, Bentley SK, Grueso D, Campbell-Taylor K, Harford M, Mehri S, Williams LJ, Bajaj K. Enhancing Safety of a System-Wide In Situ Simulation Program Using No-Go Considerations. Simul Healthc. 2023 Jan 10.  

Happy listening! 

Join us as we explore the evolving evidence on what ‘Advocacy and Inquiry’ actually leads to in a debrief, as well as the surprising impact of praise, paraphrasing and guess what I’m thinking questions. 

The paper 

Kolbe M, Grande B, Lehmann-Willenbrock N, et al 

Helping healthcare teams to debrief effectively: associations of debriefers’ actions and participants’ reflections during team debriefings 

BMJ Quality & Safety Published Online First: 28 July 2022. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2021-014393 

Vadla, M.S., Moshiro, R., Mdoe, P. et al. Newborn resuscitation simulation training and changes in clinical performance and perinatal outcomes: a clinical observational study of 10,481 births. Adv Simul 7, 38 (2022). 

Høllesli, L. J., Ajmi, S. C., Kurz, M. W., et al. (2022). Simulation-based team-training in acute stroke: Is it safe to speed up? Brain and Behavior, 12, e2814. 

Moore N, Ahmadpour N, Brown M, Poronnik P et al. (1, Supplement SRSIS 1). Designing virtual reality experiences to supplement clinician Code Black education. International Journal of Healthcare Simulation 2022 

Alyshah Kaba, Theresa Cronin, Walter Tavares, Tanya Horsley, Vincent J Grant, Mirette Dube. Improving team effectiveness using a program evaluation logic model: case study of the largest provincial simulation program in Canada. International Journal of Healthcare Simulation. 2022;:1-8. 

Thank you to all our listeners, and to the authors, reviewers and editors of the articles we’re reviewed. 

Happy holidays and see you in 2023 ! 

Their insights are comprehensive, confronting but deeply resonant for healthcare professionals. We discuss their methods, their findings and what this might mean for simulation being part of the solution to addressing harms caused by hierarchy. 

The papers 

Pack, R., Columbus, L., Duncliffe, T.H. et al. “Maybe I’m not that approachable”: using simulation to elicit team leaders’ perceptions of their role in facilitating speaking up behaviors. Adv Simul 7, 31 (2022). 

Garber, A.B., Posner, G., Roebotham, T. et al. Facing hierarchy: a qualitative study of residents’ experiences in an obstetrical simulation scenario. Adv Simul 7, 34 (2022). 

Before that… A final reminder to register for Sim Reconnect ! – a 1 day seminar at Bond University on the Gold Coast. 

And – if you’re working in translational or systems focused simulation – consider enrolling in the Bond subject Translational Simulation in healthcare, stand alone or as part of a Masters of Healthcare Innovations. 

Now – the papers! 

Rao et al. Daily team introductions and simulation education to improve team performance. Great paper from our friends at Logan Hospital, including Sonia Twigg 

Roze des Ordons et al. Guiding, Intermediating, Facilitating, and Teaching (GIFT): A Conceptual Framework for Simulation Educator Roles in Healthcare Debriefing. From a team of thought leaders in simulation debriefing  

Tsang et al. Electronic Decision Support in the Delivery Room Using Augmented Reality to Improve Newborn Life Support Guideline Adherence. A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. New frontiers in tech enabled clinical decision support from a group n the Netherlands 

Rochlen et al. Sequential Behavioral Analysis: A Novel Approach to Help Understand Clinical Decision-Making Patterns in Extended Reality Simulated Scenarios. More on the intersection of XR and our brains. 

Happy listening! 

Before that… A reminder to register for Sim Reconnect ! – a 1 day seminar at Bond University on the Gold Coast. 

And – if you’re working in translational or systems focused simulation – consider enrolling in the Bond subject Translational Simulation in healthcare, stand alone or as part of a Masters of Healthcare Innovations. 

Now – the papers! 

Sarah Janssens et al. Coleadership in Maternity Teams, a Randomized, Counterbalanced, Crossover Trial in Simulation. 

Kara Allen et al. Eight years of CRASH: A bi-national initiative helping critical care doctors return to work.  

Sandra Abbleglen et al. Debriefing interaction patterns and learning outcomes in simulation: an observational mixed-methods network study 

Pete Snelling et al. PRE-scripted debriefing for Paediatric simulation Associated with Resuscitation EDucation (PREPARED): A multicentre, cluster randomised controlled trial 

Díaz-Agea, José et al. To Clap or Not to Clap: Relevance of “Applause” in Simulation-Based Learning Sessions 

Happy listening 

Happy listening! 

 Advances in Simulation has announced a new thematic series. Methodological Innovations in Healthcare Simulation Research is “seeking manuscripts that challenge our collective thinking about how to conceptualise, frame, study, and theorise simulation in health and social care article type, in order to help advance our thinking about simulation research.”

 In this short episode, Vic speaks with Professor Walter Eppich about the thematic series, and explores examples of methodologic innovations in simulation. A deeper dive can also be found in the accompanying editorial from Walter and Advances Editor in Chief Gabriel Reedy. We look forward to reading and discussing the submissions in this series!

vb

Imposters was our first topic – and the prevalence of imposter syndrome among simulation faculty. (and take the chance to look at the IJOHS while you’re on their site) We followed with a paper about anxiety and performance in pre-hospital care students undergoing simulation based assessment. 

We enjoyed talking about the nuanced challenges and strategies for debriefing interprofessional simulation, and finished with a discussion of calculating cost effectiveness for simulation-based quality improvement projects. 

As mentioned on the podcast – express your interest for our Simulation:Reconnect event in November. Registrations open in August. 

Happy listening 

vb  

In this conversation, Vic speaks with Andrew Coggins about his recent Advances article Immediate faculty feedback using debriefing timing data and conversational diagrams. In this work, the team “explored the use of recording length of contributions during debriefings and use of conversational diagrams as a means of assessment of debriefing performance”. 

They build on work from Peter Dieckmann in 2009 who described “The art and science of debriefing in simulation: Ideal and practice” relationships in diagram form between participants, as well as a simple chess clock for the timing data. 

This is an interesting chat that might just change your debriefing practice. 

Happy listening 

vb 

Vic, Ben and Jess discuss the big issues on the May Simulcast Journal Club.  

We started on a more serious note – and discussed articles on working with simulated patients to assess the quality of healthcare, and using Forum Theatre to help healthcare professions manage patients who have suffered domestic abuse. We then talked about learning curves, and a systemic review looking at their use and reporting in healthcare simulation research. For another review of that article pop over to the Key Lime podcast for their take. 

We finished up with a paper highlighting the use of Lego Serious Play for training in debriefing. And that led us to wonder #whois@sim_brick … 

Happy listening! 

vb   

I was thrilled to be joined by two amazing guests to explore a space in the expanding world of virtual simulation for nursing education. Welcome to Simulcast Julie Stegman Vice President of the Nursing Segment of the Health Learning, Research & Practice (HLRP) business at Wolters Kluwer, and Professor Jacqueline Semaan, Simulation and Nursing Skills Lab Coordinator and Nursing Faculty at Lake Superior School of Nursing.

We discussed the socio-political context around gaps and need in nursing education and then dived into the development and early evaluation of the vSim package, all the while drawing extensions to broader opportunities.

Enjoy the chat. Cheers, Jesse

 We then discussed an article on 360 degree VR sim, the use of measures of parasympathetic stimulation, and the nuances of non-inferiority studies.  Our last paper looked at research priorities for healthcare simulation, using a Delphi methodology. 

Thanks to those who contributed this research. 

Happy listening ! 

vb   

Ben and Vic talk through 4 papers this month; Ethical considerations when conducting active short simulations in healthcare, computer modelling simulations for COVID public health policy, professional identity formation during a neonatology boot camp (with clarification that is not a training session for babies to do push ups), and the INACSL standards of best practice in scenario design. 

Happy listening!  

The episode includes quotes and audio snippets from simulation colleagues – Ben Symon, Chris Roussin, Jenny Rudolph, Walter Eppich and Michaela Kolbe. 

For more on psychological safety in simulation and the workplace – these prior simulcast episodes on the ‘safe container’ and ‘rapport’ might be of interest, together with Eve’s recent talk to RCEM on psychological safety in emergency medicine. 

This is the latest in our Simulcast collaboration with Advances in Simulation – an open access Simulation Journal. Thanks also to the teams at Gold Coast Health Emergency Department and to the Emergency Medicine Research Foundation who provided grant funding for the study  

And we finished with a fascinating look at ‘team neurosynchrony’ during laparoscopic surgical simulation – high performing teams tend to have synchronous pupillary dilatation during surgery, likely evidence of a shared understanding of the cognitive load at any moment. Yes really! 

Happy listening! 

In this episode we talk with Vicki LeBlanc and Glenn Posner about the research on emotions, cognitive processes and learning, and their narrative overview on this topic just published in Advances in Simulation. 

We discussed the inadequacies of simplistic models like Russel’s circumflex model of emotion or the Yerkes Dodson curve that many simulation educators draw upon. We take a deeper dive into literature drawn from many contexts about how emotions impact attention, memory, motivation and learning.  

Using an example from Glenn’s practice, we consider how this applies to our simulation design, delivery and debriefing 

The article is full of references to those looking for more on the topic, and look out for more from this team! 

Happy listening! 

vb 

In this episode Vic was joined by first author Milda Karvelyte – a Bachelor of Science in Human Biology graduate from Queen’s University Belfast and current medical student at the University of Aberdeen – and by senior author (and long-time friend of Simulcast) Gerry Gormley - a practicing GP and Professor in Simulation at Queen’s University Belfast. Gerry is a socio-cultural researcher and has an interest in broadening the reach of simulation across health and social care professions. 

We spoke about the challenges of experiencing and demonstrating empathy, about the process of the scoping review, the findings and what this means for simulation educators and researchers. 

We reflected on the unintended consequences of this type of simulation activity and – as usual – encourage thoughtful application to practice. 

Happy listening! 

vb 

Jesse was unable to join the rest of the Simulcast Team Christmas Edition so this is the consolation prize ep!! In this podcast Vic and Jesse discuss 2 publications from 2021.

Paper 1. recommended by Tim Mason

“Advancing Team Cohesion: Using an Escape Room as a novel approach”

Cohen and colleagues

Journal of Patient Safety and Risk Management 2021

Core premise – exploring the utility of an escape room in improving perception of cohesion within health care teams. Link to patient safety is some association between improved safety and quality of care outcomes in higher team cohesion settings.

Paper 2. Recommended by Sarah Janssens

“Cardiac Arrest Nurse Leadership (CANLEAD) trial: a simulation-based randomised controlled trial implementation of a new cardiac arrest role to facilitate cognitive offload for medical team leaders”

Pallas and colleagues

Emergency Medicine Journal 2021

Core Premise - This simulation-based study explored whether the introduction of a dedicated ’nursing team leader’ is an effective way of cognitively offloading medical team leaders of cardiac arrest teams. It was hypothesised that reduced cognitive load may allow medical team leaders to focus on high-level tasks resulting in improved team performance.

Transformative faculty development, suspension of disbelief in simulation, emotional activation for observers and participants, SPs or SPs – what’s in a name?, a taxonomy of non-technical skills, and lessons from the Fat Duck ……. 

Thanks to those who nominated articles for our discussion. Always welcome. 

Happy listening and happy holidays to our Simulcast community 

Vic, Ben, Jesse and Jess 

The conversation emphasises the importance of agility and adaptability in our learning conversations, and underscore the need for ongoing scholarly conversation on the topic. 

Happy Listening 

Impressive work, and great listening  

Carl also offers some great further reading/ viewing: - 

• From Safety-I to Safety-II: A White Paper Professor Erik Hollnagel 

• Improving Healthcare Team Communication Building on Lessons from Aviation and Aerospace by Christopher P. Nemeth 
• Cognition in the Wild Ed Hutchins 
• Damon Centola - How Behavior Spreads: The Science of Complex Contagions (video) 
• Seeing Whole Systems | Nicky Case ( video)  

Happy listening! 

Happy listening! 

vb 

Links and resources

Shiner et al 2019 Radiography and moulage

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1078817418302153

Bauer et al 2021 T

attoos and moulage

https://bmcmededuc.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12909-021-02763-z

Stokes-Parish 2020 Engagement and moulage in med students

https://advancesinsimulation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41077-020-00142-0

Stokes-Parish et al 2019 Authenticity in moulage

https://advancesinsimulation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41077-019-0103-z

We gave some shout outs to friends of Simulcast who’ve joined us in Twitter conversations and more! 

We enjoyed reading Team debriefings in healthcare: aligning intention and impact from Michaela Kolbe and colleagues – a must read for those interested in translating their simulation debriefing skills to clinical debriefings. We welcomed the launch of the International Journal of Healthcare Simulation and reviewed Dogan et al. A form of mental simulation with significant enhancements enabling teamwork training. (link not yet available)  

We appreciated the efforts of the Norwegian anaesthetic group in auditing their practice at a national level - Is simulation-based team training performed by personnel in accordance with the INACSL Standards of Best Practice: Simulation? - a qualitative interview study 

We often think about simulation as a strategy to achieve patient safety, but this month we reviewed a simulation-based curriculum for post graduate medical trainees aimed at teaching about quality improvement and patient safety – thank you Jacob Luty and colleagues. 

Lots of great listening and food for thought  

Looking forward to next month ! 

Vic spoke with Debra about the philosophy and aims of the Journal, the diverse articles planned for the first issue, and some detail for readers and potential authors. 

We look forward to discussing papers from IJOHS on the Simulcast journal club and wish the team all the best.  

Follow @IJoHSim on Twitter for updates 

.  

Many in the simulation community are thinking about the ways we might work on equity, diversity and inclusion through healthcare simulation. We are tempted to try and ‘fix’ inequities and biases, but are also aware than if badly done – these ‘fixes’ may cause harm. 

Ben Symon hosts this episode with Vic Brazil and Eve Purdy, and discuss the EDI-SIM tool they are trialling at the Gold Coast, and the collaborative autoethnography Eve is leading to explore the impact of this strategy. 

We made reference to recent publications on Recommendations and Guidelines for the Use of Simulation to Address Structural Racism and Implicit Bias and ‘moving from safe to brave’ in Simulation in healthcare , applaud the work that many are doing in the area, and  look forward to more conversations on these issues. 

Our first paper showcased the work of the STEPs (Simulation To Enhance Patient Safety) team at Fiona Stanley Hospital in Perth. Rory Trawber et al. write about Improving Simulation Accessibility in a Hospital Setting - Implementing a Simulation Consultation Service. They give us a practical guide to leveraging the impact of a small, skilled simulation delivery team through a formalised consultation service for clinical units seeking to use translational simulation for their quality and safety challenges in clinical care. Rory makes an ( audio) appearance in the podcast and describes the importance of using a quality ansafety based reporting tool, based on the work of Mel Barlow and colleagues on a documentation framework for healthcare simulation quality improvement activities. 

As a nice example of using simulation as a test bed for planned clinical process improvements, Ben-Haddout and a team from Roeun, France offer us A Cognitive Aid Improves Adherence to Guidelines for Critical Endotracheal Intubation in the Resuscitation Room. We were impressed with the opportunities afforded by the in situ simulation setting, and the interesting ways to look at cognitive aids. 

We discussed a paper on Online-synchronized clinical simulation: an efficient teaching-learning option for the COVID-19 pandemic time and: beyond. This is one of many articles currently being published that seek to tease out the benefits and drawbacks of online scenario-based activities for learning engagement and impact. 

We covered a scoping review on Healthcare Provider Stress and Virtual Reality Simulation, and concluded that - despite a small literature base at present – this is a space to watch for those seeing to improve healthcare providers ability to mange stress in the clinical workplace. A highlight was a really useful table listing various tools used to measure healthcare professionals stress – in either simulation settings or the real world. 

Happy Listening 

We start by discussing what Dan and Andrea mean by ‘Emergency Mind’ – “Leveraging the mental models and lessons from his own practice of emergency medicine—as well as from experts in the military, business, and athletic worlds—how to train mentally to perform at your best when you’re needed the most.” 

For more check out the book and more podcast episodes. We chat about other resources – the book On Combat, Scott Weingart on Combat Aviation Paradigms - and how simulation can shape culture.  

Happy listening! 

In this episode of the podcast we discuss the thoughtful approach taken by Michael  Meguerdichian, Komal Bajaj and Katie Walker at NYHHC Sim, and their recent paper on the topic in Advances in Simulation - Fundamental underpinnings of simulation education: describing a four-component instructional design approach to healthcare simulation fellowships. 

We spoke with Michael and Katie from the author team about the background to their Simulation Fellowship program, their strategy for selection and development of Fellows and take a deep dive into the application of Cognitive Load theory and the 4 Component Instructional Design approach they use. We reflect on how the field is developing and what the future holds for issues like curricula and accreditation of Sim Fellowships. 

Happy Listening! 

We also lamented the closure of BMJ STEL, but look forward to new endeavours by EIC Debra Nestel and team at the International Journal of Healthcare Simulation (IJoHS) 

Happy listening and look forward to next month! 

Ed Mellanby, Nathan Oliver and Chris Schnieke-Kind offer us the story of how the Meta Debrief Club originated, how it works, and the transformative experience it has been for their faculty. We spoke about the way they enable psychological safety, how they use tools like the DASH and OSAD, and their hopes for broader collaboration. 

Truly inspirational! 

Laura is a pulmonologist and critical care doctor who works in the intensive care unit at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Centre in Boston, USA, affiliated with Harvard Medical School. Particular interest in communication and teamwork – teaches at her own institution and with CMS, also her writing and speaking. 

Link to promo video here   https://vimeo.com/569125162 

We give a shout out to ASPiH, the UK based learned sociality for healthcare simulation, and their conference in November 2021. 

Ben impresses again with his tun of phrase including the ‘visual haiku’, ‘framework mashups’ and ‘paragraph of Purdy’. 

Happy listening and look forward to next month! 

References :  

1. Edmondson, Amy C. Teaming: How Organizations Learn, Innovate, and Compete in the Knowledge Economy. Jossey-Bass, 2012.  

1. Rudolph, J., Raemer, D. and Simon, R., 2014. Establishing a Safe Container for Learning in Simulation. Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare, 9(6), pp.339-349. 

1. Cheng, A., Palaganas, J., Eppich, W., Rudolph, J., Robinson, T. and Grant, V., 2015. Co-debriefing for Simulation-based Education. Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare, 10(2), pp.69-75. 

1. Purdy, E., 2021. Simulation and Cultural Compression. [online] ICE Blog. Available at: [Accessed 22 May 2021]. 

1. Purdy, E., Alexander, C., Caughley, M., Bassett, S. and Brazil, V., 2019. Identifying and Transmitting the Culture of Emergency Medicine Through Simulation. AEM Education and Training, 3(2), pp.118-128. 

We chat about 2 other articles focuses on debriefing for systems improvement and on team performance under stress. 

Vic suggests we take a look at a UK document outlining a national simulation strategy that might be of interest 

Happy listening and look forward to next month! 

In this episode we consider another Advances in Simulation article - Translational simulation: from description to action 

Ben talks with authors Chris Nickson, Steph Barwick and Vic Brazil, and draws out the principles and processes for translational simulation. Chris illustrates the approach describing his own work in ECMO in intensive care 

Ben shares his own experience in  partnering with consumers , and of others in developing “paediatric patient-focused and family-focused simulations” 

Vic reviews a qualitative exploratory analysis of simulation educators perspectives in working with Child and adolescent simulated patients (CASPs), and the experience of the Boston Children’s hospital in their Ready, Sim Go: an adapted simulation service line for patients and care givers. 

Next month – we’re talking all things video, specifically - Video Supported Feedback of Actual Resuscitations.  

Suzanne is Associate Dean Learning and Teaching and Associate Professor of Physiotherapy at Bond University, Australia, and Christina is a recent Doctor of Physiotherapy student from Bond University 

Our next paper continues in in the theme - Is that realistic? The development of a realism assessment questionnaire and its application in appraising three simulators for a gynaecology procedure, by Wilson et al. in Advances in Sim 2018 

We then took a brief look at two other papers – considering virtual reality simulation for stress inoculation training for resuscitation team leaders, and a challenging look at adverse event analysis and psychological safety in simulation faculty development. 

For March – join the discussion about partnering with consumers in developing “paediatric patient-focused and family-focused simulations” 

Come and join the discussion! 

This month Ben and Vic review 3 papers of interest – more on COVID sim, but this time involving healthcare consumer engagement, a description of Peer assisted learning in medical student simulation , and a systematic review of simulated based team training in EM and acute case.  We also invited Eve Purdy along for some comments on the last of those. 

The papers… 

Christodoulides N, Duggan WP, Dalrymple KR. COVID-SIM: building testing capacity through public engagement with healthcare simulation. BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning 2021;7:52-53. 

Nunnink L, Thompson A, Alsaba N, et al. Peer-assisted learning in simulation-based medical education: a mixed-methods exploratory study. BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning Published Online First: 16 December 2020. doi: 10.1136/bmjstel-2020-000645 

Weile, J., Nebsbjerg, M.A., Ovesen, S.H. et al. Simulation-based team training in time-critical clinical presentations in emergency medicine and critical care: a review of the literature. Adv Simul 6, 3 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41077-021-00154-4 

Next month  - we’re talking fidelity and functional task alignment - with a classic paper to consider. Read and join the discussion here. 

We also reviewed two other papers – one looking at the link between self efficacy and observed performance in neonatal resuscitation, and another exploring the construct of psychological safety in medical education. Safe or soft?  

Thanks for another great year of journal club and looking forward to next year! 

Happy holidays 

In this episode Vic speaks with Sandra Viggers (@StarSkaterDk) and Jessica Stokes-Parish (@j_stokesparish) about their roles as social media editors for Advances in Simulation and BMJ STEL. (Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning). They offer us insights relevant for researchers, educators and as consumers of social media content. 

For more on the virtual community of practice in simulation check out our Simulcast paper from earlier in the year 

Happy listening. 

Ben and Vic summarised the article and online discussion, and took a deep dive into procedural skills simulation. 

We reviewed a paper by the PEARL group at Stanford on 3D printed simulator for closed reduction of distal radius fractures, demonstrating the integration of low cost procedural skills simulation with sound educational frameworks. 

We then reviewed two papers from the TRUST study - Trauma Resuscitation Using in situ Simulation Team Training (TRUST) study: latent safety threat evaluation using framework analysis and video review - from the Petrosoniak group in Toronto. The related paper is focused on the outcomes from debriefing during the TRuST study  - Latent safety threat identification during in situ simulation debriefing: a qualitative analysis 

And finally – Ben gave us an invitation for the November Journal Club. Making the invisible visible: a place for utilizing activity theory within in situ simulation to drive healthcare organizational development? 

Please come along and join the conversation … 

Robbie is an emergency medicine senior trainee and fellow podcaster (check out Pondermed) who is undertaking a year as an Education Fellow at the Whittington hospital  . Captain Alex Jolly is an airline pilot who is UK based. The program has brought marvellous insights to the clinicians in terms of teamwork behaviours and shaping culture. It emerged from the @_ProjectWingman initiative which involves airline crew coming together to support the well-being of frontline NHS staff during the COVID-19 outbreak. They suggest healthcare simulation educators need to ‘just do it’, learn as we go, and celebrate the fresh perspectives from outside our own world. 

Happy listening 

Have you ever been involved in a simulation where you didn’t really know what to do? Had the awkward feeling where you didn’t know what was ‘real’ or what was allowed?  

In this episode we chat with Dr Warwick Isaacson, emergency physician and education fellow on the Gold Coast about the pre-brief. We delve into why he does a pre-brief, what his looks like and how he went about improving his pre-briefing skills. Listen for some practical strategies to improve your next simulation!  

Some useful resources he refers to within the episode are listed below:  

Rudolph JW, Raemer DB, Simon R. Establishing a safe container for learning in simulation: the role of the presimulation briefing. Simul Healthc. 2014 Dec;9(6):339-49. doi: 10.1097/SIH.0000000000000047. PMID: 25188485. 

We were also joined by Ian Summers, Director of Monash Simulation, who contributed as our expert commentator this month. 

Ben and Vic summarised the article and online discussion, and our trio then went deep on the definition of deception, and the concept of ‘fair’ in simulation design, drawing on the article and personal experience. 

And we reviewed 2 extra papers  

Lin Y, Hecker K, Cheng A, et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of workplace-based distributed cardiopulmonary resuscitation training versus conventional annual basic life support training BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning Published Online First: 29 September 2020 

Caners, K., Baylis, J., Heyd, C., & Chan, T. (2020). Sharing is caring: How EM Sim Cases (EMSimCases.com) has created a collaborative simulation education culture in Canada. CJEM, 1-3. 

And finally – Ben gave us an invitation for the September Journal Club. 

Kerrey, Benjamin, MD, MS, Boyd, Stephanie, et al. Developing a Profile of Procedural Expertise: A Simulation Study of Tracheal Intubation Using 3-Dimensional Motion Capture. Simul. healthc.. 2020;15(4):251-258.  

Please come along and join the conversation … 

Ben and I recap on the paper and the online discussion, Including the expert contributions from James Leung, the first author 

An we reviewed 3 extra papers – two looking at different ways healthcare simulation has been adapted to deal with the pandemic. 

Dubé, M., Kaba, A., Cronin, T. et al. COVID-19 pandemic preparation: using simulation for systems-based learning to prepare the largest healthcare workforce and system in Canada. Adv Simul 5, 22 (2020). 

Cheng, A., Kolbe, M., Grant, V. et al. A practical guide to virtual debriefings: communities of inquiry perspective. Adv Simul 5, 18 (2020). 

And one looking at how bomb defusal can help interprofessional learning ! 

Tidbury L, Jarvis K, Bridge P. Initial evaluation of a virtual reality bomb-defusing simulator for development of undergraduate healthcare student communication and teamwork skills BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning 2020;6:229-231. 

And finally – Ben gave us an invitation for the September Journal Club. 

Calhoun, Aaron W. Pian-Smith, May. Shah, Anjan et. al. Guidelines for the Responsible Use of Deception in Simulation, Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare: August 2020 - Volume 15 - Issue 4 - p 282-288 

Please come along and join the conversation … 

Many thanks to APLS, who were kind enough to give their recording to Simulcast to share with our listeners. 

References :  

1. Purdy E, Alexander C, Caughley M et al. Identifying and Transmitting the Culture of Emergency Medicine Through Simulation. AEM Education and Training 2019;3:118-128. doi:10.1002/aet2.10325 

2. Fraser K, Meguerdichian M, Haws J et al. Cognitive Load Theory for debriefing simulations: implications for faculty development. Advances in Simulation 2018;3. doi:10.1186/s41077-018-0086-1 

3. Roussin C, Weinstock P. SimZones. Academic Medicine 2017;92:1114-1120. doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000001746 

4. Marshall S. Sink or swim? The difficulty of finding the correct level of independence and support for trainees. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2015;114:724-725. doi:10.1093/bja/aev032 

This month we discussed “How to include medical students in your healthcare simulation centre workforce” by Viggers et. Al. We have already recorded a wonderful episode with Sandra on this paper that can be found here…. 

Ben and I recap on the paper and the online discussion, as well as the expert opinion from two medical students undertaking their simulation-based education rotation at present. 

We also reviewed 4 extra papers – one focused on reopening simulation facilities in the COVID era:-  

Ingrassia, P.L., Capogna, G., Diaz-Navarro, C. et al. COVID-19 crisis, safe reopening of simulation centres and the new normal: food for thought. Adv Simul 5, 13 (2020).  

and three papers with a with a simulated patient methodology theme: - 

Smith CM, Sokoloff LG, Alsaba N. Collaborative framework for working with older simulated participants (SP). BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning Published Online First: 16 June 2020. ( and this one makes reference to the ASPE Standards of Best practice that can be read here.) 

Budd, Natasha PhD; Andersen, Patrea PhD; Harrison, Penny BA; Prowse, Nycole Engaging Children as Simulated Patients in Healthcare Education, Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare: June 2020 - Volume 15 - Issue 3 - p 199-204 

Naismith, Laura M. PhD; Kowalski, Christopher et al. Participant Perspectives on the Contributions of Physical, Psychological, and Sociological Fidelity to Learning in Interprofessional Mental Health Simulation, Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare: June 2020 - Volume 15 - Issue 3 - p 141-146  

And finally – Ben gave us a heads up for the August Journal Club. 

Leung, J.S., Brar, M., Eltorki, M. et al. Development of an in situ simulation-based continuing professional development curriculum in pediatric emergency medicine. Adv Simul 5, 12 (2020). 

Please come along and join the conversation … 

We were joined by South African anaesthetist Rowan Duys (@HealthThink) and discuss the recruitment, roles and professional development and training opportunities available for students. We ended up talking about broader issues related to the positioning of medical students in health services, and sandra offered some tips about how to get started. 

vb 

We spoke about the paper’s findings – the predominance of white skinned mannikins in advertising materials – and how simulation might instead be able to contribute to antiracism and better representation of traditionally marginalised groups. We also highlighted Debra’s Nestel’s recent SESAM keynote on a similar topic and recommend this as additional viewing !

Jessica (not Jesse…) hosts her first podcast with guests Jonathan Begley, Albert Chan and Vic Brazil exploring a new paper in Anaesthesia – An aerosol box for intubation in COVID-19 patients: an in-situ simulation crossover study.  

We cover why they conducted the study, the outcomes, the use of simulation and future direction. We also discussed some interesting topics like the MacGuyver Bias and the article that Albert wrote in Life in The Fast Lane about the intubation box.  

MacGuyver Bias Article - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12630-019-01361-4 

Albert’s Life in the Fast Lane Article - https://litfl.com/should-we-use-an-aerosol-box-for-intubation/  

Ben and Vic discuss the paper of the month(s) - Cheng, A et al  A Conceptual Framework for the Development of Debriefing Skills.  - and attempt to summarise the brilliant discussion from the blog comments. 

We discuss the elements of ‘good debriefing’, reflect on the value of having a conceptual framework for debriefing skill development, and take a deeper dive into the nature of ‘adaptive expertise’. We talk about Kris Krogh’s practice development triangle and draw on the wisdom of Booker’s rule of three and Hannah Gadsby’s Nanette. We agree to embrace the ‘rich palette’ of debriefing skills, but encourage first learning the rules about how to make purple…….  

If you’re interested in the upcoming webinar series, find out more info or register here https://my.simaust.com/events - this Masterclass Series will run on June 4, June 18 and July 2 covering building confidence, kicking imposter syndrome to the curb and building a personal brand.  

And the link to the FB page https://www.facebook.com/groups/285101322099769  

Vic takes a deep breath and dives into theory with the team from Queens University Belfast, including Jenny Johnston, Helen Reid and Gerry Gormley. We discuss their recent Medical Education article - Into the uncanny valley: simulation versus simulacrum?  

Eve Purdy joined the chat to offer her unique anthropological perspectives. 

If you’ve ever felt slightly uncomfortable with OSCEs or breaking bad news to a plastic mannequin, this might help you understand why….. 

In the first paper, the authors compare VR and ‘live’ team-based simulation for interprofessional student groups, and suggest these modalities have the same outcome, as measured by performance on a team communication assessment. Next we discuss Natarajah and colleagues’ brilliant work in Myanmar, using a low cost simulator for training to use air enemas in paediatric intussusception, with measurably improved patient outcomes. 

In our third paper, Brown and colleagues offers a new approach to debriefing large groups, such as might be needed in large scale trauma simulations - offer us ‘simultaneous successive debriefing’. 

And finally – we discuss Laura Rock’s BMJ Opinion piece - Don’t answer feelings with facts.  Guidance for our conversations in the clinical and simulation contexts, and well beyond. 

Join the conversation for next month, when we pick up the March JC paper and review. Leave your comments and thoughts here. 

All the best 

vb 

His gives tribute to Professor Debra Nestel, the outgoing EIC, and tells us he aims to ‘live the title’ – aiming to be advancing the field – for scholars and practitioners. 

Simulcast looks forward to our continued collaboration with Gabe and with Advances.  

Community-based in situ simulation: bringing simulation to the masses 

Authors: Barbara M. Walsh, Marc A. Auerbach, Marcie N. Gawel, Linda L. Brown, Bobbi J. Byrne and Aaron Calhoun 

Despite advances in simulation technology and widespread understanding of the process, is healthcare simulation being delivered in the places that need it most? 

Writing in Advances in Simulation, Dr Barbara Walsh and colleagues explore technological innovations and organization strategies to bring simulation outside academic or large hospital settings to other locations in need of healthcare simulation. 

In this episode you’ll hear from: 

Albert Chan (@gaseousXchange) from Hong Kong , with a great airway management infographic  

Andrew Petrosoniak (@petrosoniak) from Toronto, Canada 

Tim Willett (@SIMtim_one), also from Canada www.SIM-ONE.ca 

James Leung (@drjscleung), from Mc Master, Ontario Canada 

Christine Park (@cpark_stories) from Chicago 

• The Whats app group https://chat.whatsapp.com/LVy0T1dWvan9enqMDwElRN 
• The Google drive https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1kDrTZ0mlFgug7RfoIocZ09Crj24py8z2 

Please be in touch if you’d like to tell your COVID simulation stories 

In this episode Vic welcomes Jess Stokes-Parish to the team, and introduces the Simulcast page we’ve set up for sharing and curating resources for simulation providers

They also discuss their personal experience so far with simulation preparation for COVID, and the strategies we’ve seen emerging around the world.

More to come on #COVIDsim soon….

How do we find our simulation friends online? What supports the formation and nurturing of these professional groups? This month Ben and Vic discuss the paper of the month….. 

 Thoma, B., Brazil, V., Spurr, J., Palaganas, J., Eppich, W., Grant, V. and Cheng, A. (2018). Establishing a Virtual Community of Practice in Simulation. Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare, 13(2), pp.124-130. 

We explore what that means, and consider some examples Our expert commentator @andrewjtagg offers his experience with https://dontforgetthebubbles.com/ 

For more great listening on CoP in health professions education – listen here  

We continued the CoP theme in looking at :- 

“It's Not an Acting Job … Don't Underestimate What a Simulated Patient Does” A Qualitative Study Exploring the Perspectives of Simulated Patients in Health Professions Education 

Pritchard, Shane A. BPhysio; Denning, Tracy MOsteo; Keating, Jennifer L. PhD; Blackstock, Felicity C. PhD; Nestel, Debra PhD Simulation in Healthcare: February 2020 - Volume 15 - Issue 1 - p 21-29 

And Ben’s own… 

Twigg S, Ardila Sarmiento MC, Lawton B, et al. Optimus BONUS: open access simulation-based education packages on paediatric resuscitation using spaced repetition and deliberate practice. BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning Published Online First: 09 January 2020. doi: 10.1136/bmjstel-2019-000536 

More on the packages here https://dontforgetthebubbles.com/practice-made-perfect/ 

And finally …… coronavirus sim…. of course…… Who says a mannikin can’t sneeze….? 

https://emsimcases.com/2020/02/18/suspected-covid-19/ 

Look forward to next month! 

Vic and Ben 

In this episode, Vic reviews Healthcare Simulation Research - A Practical Guide with two of the editors -Debra Nestel and Aaron Calhoun.  

This book covers a vast array of research topics, with 48 chapters written by experts in their fields, with practical advice for researchers at all levels. Aaron and Debra describe what’s in the book and how to read it. They offer their own reflections on the writing and what they learnt in the process, as well as some thoughts about where the field is heading in the future. 

There are tips for beginners and experts, as well as Debra introducing us to ‘theoretical connoisseurship’ 😊 

Healthcare Simulation Research - A Practical Guide by Debra Nestel, Joshua Hui, Kevin Kunkler, Mark W. Scerbo and Aaron W. Calhoun (eds) 

Delisle, M., Ward, M., Pradarelli, J., Panda, N., Howard, J. and Hannenberg, A. (2019). Comparing the Learning Effectiveness of Healthcare Simulation in the Observer Versus Active Role. Simulation in Healthcare: Simulation in Healthcare, 14(5), pp.318-332. 

We continued the theme of ‘methods and metrics’ and considered a Delphi study used to develop an evaluation tool for scenarios 

 Hernandez J, Frallicciardi A, Nadir N, et al. Development of a Simulation Scenario Evaluation Tool (SSET): modified Delphi study. BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning Published Online First: 13 December 2019.  

And considered a proposed adjunct to the description phase of debriefing 

Secheresse, T., Nonglaton, S. The “Timeline Debriefing Tool”: a tool for structuring the debriefing description phase. Adv Simul 4, 29 (2019) 

And in the Christmas spirit – Ben trialled a Santa Simulator from roblox… compete against him if you dare…. 

https://www.roblox.com/games/2596675282/Santa-Simulator 

Join the discussion at www.simulationpodcast.com 

Victoria 

Rose, M. and Rose, K. (2018). Use of a Surgical Debriefing Checklist to Achieve Higher Value Health Care. American Journal of Medical Quality, 33(5), pp.514-522. 

Brindle, M., Henrich, N., Foster, A., Marks, S., Rose, M., Welsh, R. and Berry, W. (2018). Implementation of surgical debriefing programs in large health systems: an exploratory qualitative analysis. BMC Health Services Research, 18(1). 

We also reviewed an interesting conceptual paper on self regulated learning (SRL) and simulation. 

Shariff, F. Hatala, R. Regehr,G Learning After the Simulation Is Over: The Role of Simulation in Supporting Ongoing Self-Regulated Learning in Practice. Academic Medicine. Publish Ahead of Print:, NOVEMBER 12, 2019 

And Ben introduced the paper for next month, reviewing the value observer roles in sim 

Delisle, M., Ward, M., Pradarelli, J., Panda, N., Howard, J. and Hannenberg, A. (2019). Comparing the Learning Effectiveness of Healthcare Simulation in the Observer Versus Active Role. Simulation in Healthcare: Simulation in Healthcare, 14(5), pp.318-332. 

So we’ll be back in December with our wrap  

Join the discussion at www.simulationpodcast.com 

Victoria 

They each brought immense personal experience to their publications, and we discussed ways to smooth the paths for others with similar challenges. We talked about key steps in stakeholder collaboration, needs assessment, scenario planning and delivery, debriefing, and reporting  

The papers:- 

Nora Colman, Cara Doughty, Jennifer Arnold, Kimberly Stone, Jennifer Reid, Ashley Dalpiaz & Kiran B. Hebbar. Simulation-based clinical systems testing for healthcare spaces: from intake through implementation. Advances in Simulation volume 4, Article number: 19 (2019) 

Alyshah Kaba & Sue Barnes. Commissioning simulations to test new healthcare facilities: a proactive and innovative approach to healthcare system safety. Advances in Simulation volume 4, Article number: 17 (2019) 

Thinking about conferences in 2020? Some links to the events Vic described at the end 

IMSH San Diego Jan 18-22, 2020. http://imsh2020.org/ 

SEAM Milan 17-19th June.  https://www.sesam-web.org/events/event/sesam-milan-2020/ 

NZASH Christchurch 6-7th November. https://nzash.co.nz/ 

Ben and Vic discuss the paper of the month,  

Kolbe, M., Eppich, W., Rudolph, J., Meguerdichian, M., Catena, H., Cripps, A., Grant, V. and Cheng, A. (2019). Managing psychological safety in debriefings: a dynamic balancing act. BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning, pp.bmjstel-2019-000470. 

Ng, S., Kangasjarvi, E., Lorello, G., Nemoy, L. and Brydges, R. (2019). ‘There shouldn't be anything wrong with not knowing’: epistemologies in simulation. Medical Education. 

We also discussed 2 other papers on peer debriefing and using sim to embed surgical safety checklists 

Solanki P, Angel D, Foster A Peer group high-fidelity simulation debriefing for final year medical students BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning 2019;5:225-226. 

Zaffry Z, Jaye P, Laws-Chapman C, et al. Safer surgery through simulation: increasing compliance with the 5 Steps to Safer Surgery through an in-situ simulation based training programme at Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning 2019;5:196-197. 

And Ben introduced the papers for August 

Brindle, M., Henrich, N., Foster, A., Marks, S., Rose, M., Welsh, R. and Berry, W. (2018). Implementation of surgical debriefing programs in large health systems: an exploratory qualitative analysis. BMC Health Services Research, 18(1). 

 

Rose, M. and Rose, K. (2018). Use of a Surgical Debriefing Checklist to Achieve Higher Value Health Care. American Journal of Medical Quality, 33(5), pp.514-522. 

So we’ll be back in November with our wrap  

Join the discussion at www.simulationpodcast.com 

Victoria 

The two papers we discussed were. 

Janssens S., Simon R, Beckmann M., Marshall, Stuart Shared Leadership in Healthcare Action Teams: A Systematic Review. Journal of Patient Safety: June 4, 2018  

Janssens S, Simon R, Barwick S, et al. Leadership sharing in maternity emergency teams: a retrospective cohort study in simulation BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning Published Online First: 07 February 2019. 

STORK team (Simulation Training Optimising Resuscitation in Kids) from Children’s Health Queensland provides simulation based education throughout Queensland.

Check out the OPTIMUS Bonus Content at https://dontforgetthebubbles.com/practice-made-perfect/

Nemat drops in for #HcSimWeek19 to share about 2 great sim projects she is involved with at Gold Coast University Hospital and Bond University

Steph dropped by for #HcSimWeek19 to share the work of the Mater Education team.

Definitely big friends of Simulcast and hosts of the Simulcast Journal Curry Club!

The book can be viewed/ purchased here.  

https://www.wiley.com/en-us/Healthcare+Simulation+at+a+Glance-p-9781118871836 

Looking for great online simulation education resources for yourself or for your team’s faculty development?  

In this episode Vic speaks with Christina Choung (@ckchoung) and Karen Schafer (@KarenShafer) from Vancouver Coastal Health about their new resources at https://bcsimulation.ca/ 

(you can also get there via https://simulation.vchlearn.ca/ ) 

We talked about the content of these modules, the challenges of faculty development, and some lessons learned for those of us trying to develop online resources in simulation education. 

@BCSimNet  on Twitter

Bochatay, N., Bajwa, N., Blondon, K., Junod Perron, N., Cullati, S. and Nendaz, M. (2019). Exploring group boundaries and conflicts: a social identity theory perspective. Medical Education. 

We also discussed 3 other papers covering a theme of ‘non-technical skills’. 

• Hamilton AL, Kerins J, MacCrossan MA, et al Medical Students’ Non-Technical Skills (Medi-StuNTS): preliminary work developing a behavioural marker system for the non-technical skills of medical students in acute care BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning 2019;5:130-139. 
• Johnson AP, Aggarwal R Assessment of non-technical skills: why aren’t we there yet? BMJ Quality & Safety 2019;28:606-608. 
• Hughes PG, Ahmed RA Blindfolded trauma team resuscitation: a strategy for improved leadership and communication BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning 2019;5:174-175. 

And Ben introduced the paper for August 

Stokes-Parish, J., Duvivier, R. and Jolly, B. (2019). Expert opinions on the authenticity of moulage in simulation: a Delphi study. Advances in Simulation, 4(1). 

So we’ll be back at the beginning of September with our wrap – recorded live at the Australasian Simulation Congress . 

Join the discussion at www.simulationpodcast.com 

Victoria  

Eve Purdy, Charlotte Alexander, Melissah Caughley, Shane Bassett, Victoria Brazil. Identifying and Transmitting the Culture of Emergency Medicine Through Simulation. AEM Education and Training 2019; 3: 118– 128 (Open access) 

Purdy, E. (2019). Simulation and Cultural Compression. [online] ICE Blog. Available at: https://icenetblog.royalcollege.ca/2019/03/19/simulation-and-cultural-compression/ [Accessed 29 May 2019]. 

Purdy, E., Alexander, C., Caughley, M., Bassett, S. and Brazil, V. (2019). Identifying and Transmitting the Culture of Emergency Medicine Through Simulation. AEM Education and Training, 3(2), pp.118-128. 

We also discussed 3 other papers covering a theme of ‘measurement’. 

Diederich, Emily, MD et al. Balancing Deliberate Practice and Reflection. A Randomized Comparison Trial of Instructional Designs for Simulation-Based Training in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Skills. Simulation in Healthcare: June 2019 - Volume 14 - Issue 3 - p 175–181 

Endacott R, Gale T, O’Connor A, et al Frameworks and quality measures used for debriefing in team-based simulation: a systematic review BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning 2019;5:61-72. 

MacKinnon et al Defining and measuring quality in acute paediatric trauma stabilisation: a phenomenographic study. Advances in Simulation 20194:4 

And Ben introduced the paper for July. 

Bochatay, N., Bajwa, N., Blondon, K., Junod Perron, N., Cullati, S. and Nendaz, M. (2019). Exploring group boundaries and conflicts: a social identity theory perspective. Medical Education. 

Additional Reading & Podcast for those interested in a deep dive :  

Eppich, W. and Schmutz, J. (2019). From ‘them’ to ‘us’: bridging group boundaries through team inclusiveness. Medical Education. 

http://revisionisthistory.com/episodes/26-the-hug-heard-round-the-world 

So we’ll be back at the end of July with our wrap – join the discussion at www.simulationpodcast.com 

In this, another joint feature with Advances in Simulation journal, we explore three main ideas:

1. Why does simulation have such a symbiosis with culture?
2. How to we understand more about this relationship? ie. there is nothing so practical as a good theory.
3. What does can this teach us about targeting culture as a translational objective in a sim program?

To answer these questions we stir in the ingredients of a thriving simulation program/service at Gold Coast University Hospital, two pieces of academic work from our guests, and some personal reflection along the way. The guests for this episode are Simulcast partner in crime, Victoria Brazil, and the very clever, Canadian Emergency Doc, Anthropologist, author and adventurer on temporary loan to Australia, Eve Purdy.

The publications of interest are:

Brazil, V., E. Purdy, C. Alexander and J. Matulich (2019). "Improving the relational aspects of trauma care through translational simulation." Advances in Simulation 4(1): 10. https://advancesinsimulation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41077-019-0100-2

Purdy, E., C. Alexander, M. Caughley, S. Bassett and V. Brazil (2019). "Identifying and Transmitting the Culture of Emergency Medicine Through Simulation." AEM Education and Training 3(2): 118-128. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/aet2.10325

Eve refers to a pivotal moment back in 2014, being in the audience for this talk by Victoria.

Hollingsworth, C., Wesley, C., Huckridge, J., Finn, G. and Griksaitis, M. (2017). Impact of child death on paediatric trainees. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 103(1), pp.14-18. 

And we talked about a few other sim papers across a range of topics and research methods,  

Goldshtein D, Krensky C, Doshi S, et al In situ simulation and its effects on patient outcomes: a systematic review BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning Published Online First: 05 April 2019. doi: 10.1136/bmjstel-2018-000387 

Petrosoniak A, Almeida R, Pozzobon LD, et al. Tracking workflow during high-stakes resuscitation: the application of a novel clinician movement tracing tool during in situ trauma simulation. BMJ STEL. 2019;5:78–84.  (Open Access) 

Ann L. Butt, Suzan Kardong-Edgren, Anthony Ellertson. Using Game-Based Virtual Reality with Haptics for Skill Acquisition, Clinical Simulation in Nursing, Volume 16, 2018, Pages 25-32, 

And Ben introduced the paper for June. 

Eve Purdy, Charlotte Alexander, Melissah Caughley, Shane Bassett, Victoria Brazil. Identifying and Transmitting the Culture of Emergency Medicine Through Simulation. AEM Education and Training 2019; 3: 118– 128 (Open access) 

So we’ll be back at the end of June with our wrap – join the discussion at simulationpodcast.com 

Victoria  

Our latest collaborative podcast with Advances in Simulation features an editorial - Words matter: towards a new lexicon for ‘nontechnical skills’ training by Paul Murphy, Debra Nestel and Gerry Gormley. 

In this podcast I was joined by Paul Murphy from Queens University Belfast, the lead author of the article, as well as Pamela Andreatta, who was part of a group who authored a similarly themed article in 2011. 

We discussed words, culture, drama, impression management and values in health professional education and simulation.  

vb 

Kristian Krogh, Albert Chan, and Nancy McNaughton 

Many health professional educators attend courses on simulation debriefing, but do they actually perform better as simulation debriefers as a result?  

Writing in Advances in Simulation, Kristian Krogh (@DrKrogh), Albert Chan (@gaseousXchange) and Nancy McNaughton (@uto_nancy) provoke us to consider this issue in their commentary - Another debriefing course! Who benefits? 

In this next instalment in our collaboration with Advances in Simulation, I spoke with Kristian and Nancy about the article. They suggest that high quality debriefing courses are not enough, and that we need to think more transfer to our local contexts, with a community of practice for peer feedback and support 

Fraser, K., Meguerdichian, M., Haws, J., Grant, V., Bajaj, K., & Cheng, A. (2019). Cognitive Load Theory for debriefing simulations: implications for faculty development. 

And we talked about a few other sim papers across a range of topics and research methods,  

Turton, D. , Buchan, K. , Hall‐Jackson, M. and Pelletier, C. (2019), Simulation: the power of what hurts. Med Educ, 53: 326-328.  

Chancey RJ1, Sampayo EM, Lemke DS, Doughty CB. Learners' Experiences During Rapid Cycle Deliberate Practice Simulations: A Qualitative Analysis. Simul Healthc. 2019 Feb;14(1):18-28 

Chen HE1, Yovanoff MA, Pepley DF, Sonntag CC, Mirkin KA, Han DC, Moore JZ, Miller SR. Can Haptic Simulators Distinguish Expert Performance? A Case Study in Central Venous Catheterization in Surgical Education. Simul Healthc. 2019 Feb;14(1):35-42.  

And Ben introduced the April paper 

Hollingsworth, C., Wesley, C., Huckridge, J., Finn, G. and Griksaitis, M. (2017). Impact of child death on paediatric trainees. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 103(1), pp.14-18. 

So we’ll be back at the end of April with our wrap – join the discussion at simulationpodcast.com 

Victoria  

Ben then turned our attention to followership and interviewed Jannet Lee-Jararam and Benjamin Berg from @SIMTIKI_HI in Honolulu. 

We loved hearing from delegates at #IMSH2019 and @AmyZhengMD from @UCSDMedSchool kindly volunteered to be interviewed, and spoke about how IMSH had changed in the time she had been attending.  

To wrap up – Ben and Vic reflect on their take home lessons from #IMSH2019. See you next year in California ! 

Schroeder J, O'Neal C, Jagneaux T. “Practically Saline”. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep. 2015;3(4):2324709615618980 PMID 26663812. 

And we talked about a few other sim papers across a range of topics and research methods,  

Bearman, M. , Greenhill, J. and Nestel, D. (2019), The power of simulation: a large‐scale narrative analysis of learners’ experiences. Med Educ. doi:10.1111/medu.13747 

Gardner AK, Abdelfattah K Getting better all the time? Facilitating accurate team self-assessments through simulation BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning Published Online First: 12 January 2019. doi: 10.1136/bmjstel-2018-000411 

O’Shea CI, Schnieke-Kind C, Pugh D, et al The Meta-Debrief Club: an effective method for debriefing your debrief BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning Published Online First: 02 February 2019. doi: 10.1136/bmjstel-2018-000419 

(and check them out at @MetaDebriefClub) 

And Ben introduced the March paper 

Fraser, K., Meguerdichian, M., Haws, J., Grant, V., Bajaj, K., & Cheng, A. (2019). Cognitive Load Theory for debriefing simulations: implications for faculty development. 

So we’ll be back at the end of March with our wrap – join the discussion at simulationpodcast.com 

We also spoke to Yue Dong (@dongyue), one of the conference organisers, for his reflections. 

Ben finished the day with a chat with Suzie Kardong-Edgren (@SuzieEdgren) about Tag Team Patient Safety Simulation. 

We then shifted focus to research and publishing in simulation with Michelle Kelly (@KellyKelmich )   summarising the session on ‘Articles of Influence’, and Sharon Muret-Wagstaff , one of the associate editors of Simulation in Healthcare, giving us some tips on how to be a peer reviewer. 

Ben and Vic reflect on other parts of Day 2, especially the morning plenary by Sir Ken Robinson, who inspired us to think about creativity and learning. Join the 56 million people who have watched his TeD talk on the topic here. Play more!  

Resa chose 3 articles for us to review, each focused on different aspects of using simulation for POCUS education. These have obvious relevance for those who use ultrasound at the bedside, but anyone using simulation for clinical skills training will find our discussion interesting. 

The papers:- 

1. Mackay FD, Zhou F, Lewis D, Fraser J, Atkinson PR. Can You Teach Yourself Point-of-care Ultrasound to a Level of Clinical Competency? Evaluation of a Self-directed Simulation-based Training Program. Cureus. 2018;10(9):e3320. Published 2018 Sep 17. doi:10.7759/cureus.3320 

1. Chetioui, A., Masia, T., Claret, P.-G., Markarian, T., Muller, L., Lefrant, J. Y., … Bobbia, X. (2018). Pocket-sized ultrasound device for internal jugular puncture: A randomized study of performance on a simulation model. The Journal of Vascular Access. https://doi.org/10.1177/1129729818812733 

1. Fikri M. Abu-Zidan and Arif Alper Cevik. Kunafa knife and play dough is an efficient and cheap simulator to teach diagnostic Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS). World Journal of Emergency Surgery 2019. 14:1 

On the podcast I am joined by Resa Lewiss, Zack Risler (@zrisler), Kelly Goodsell (@k_goodsell), Dan MIrsch (@DanMirsch), Mark Magee (@markamagee), Arthur Au (@arthurkau), and Rishi Kalwani (@RishiKalw) 

The International Meeting for Simulation in Healthcare (IMSH) is the biggest sim conference in the world. This year it was held in San Antonio, Texas, USA and Simulcast was a podcast partner for the meeting. Over the next few weeks, we’ll release five podcasts of conference highlights. 

Ben and Vic interview speakers, attendees, organisers, researchers, tech gurus and educators, and bring you some of our perspectives on what are useful lessons for our simulation practice. 

I this first instalment, we hear from the incoming president of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare (SSH), KT Waxman (@KTWaxman). Ben interviewed an enthusiastic Komal Bajaj (@KomalBajajMD) about the Women in Leadership pre-conference activity, and James Leung (@drjscleung)  from the Impacts group on paediatric simulation research. 

We heard more from our friend Stuart Rose (@INFOdebriefing) on clinical debriefing, and reflected on the opening plenary.  

Ben and Vic discuss the paper of the month, including expert commentary from our own Jesse Spurr! Is this really the holy grail of ‘proof’ for insitu sim?  

Josey, K., Smith, M., Kayani, A., Young, G., Kasperski, M., Farrer, P., Gerkin, R., Theodorou, A. and Raschke, R. (2018). Hospitals with more-active participation in conducting standardized in-situ mock codes have improved survival after in-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest. Resuscitation, 133, pp.47-52. 

We also discussed 3 other papers, with a theme of scenario/ simulation design. 

The first two were focused on complexity science. 

• Launer J. Complexity made simple. Postgrad Med J 2018;94:611–612 
• Gormley, Gerard and Tara J. Fenwick. Learning to manage complexity through simulation: students’ challenges and possible strategies. Perspectives on medical education (2016). 

On this topic, Jesse reminded us of this great post from Chris Hicks (@HumanFactOrz) https://emcrit.org/emcrit/complexity-of-simple/ 

And finally – local work from the team at Mater hospital, including @ErinlW_ and @SJanssensSimOG  in Brisbane that adds to our understanding of realism, especially in procedural simulation. 

• Wilson E, Hewett DG2, Jolly BC, Janssens S, Beckmann MM. Is that realistic? The development of a realism assessment questionnaire and its application in appraising three simulators for a gynaecology procedure. Adv Simul 2018 Nov 8;3:21 

Thanks again to our listeners and contributors for a great year in 2018 

Vic, Ben and Jesse 

Raemer, D., A. Hannenberg and A. Mullen (2018). "Simulation safety first: an imperative." Advances in Simulation 3(1): 25.

Raemer, D., A. Hannenberg and A. Mullen (2018). "Simulation Safety First: An Imperative." Simulation in Healthcare 13(6).

Raemer, D., A. Hannenberg and A. Mullen (2018). "Simulation Safety First: An Imperative." Journal of Surgical Simulation(5).

It is with great pleasure that we have Dan Raemer, one of the authors of the editorial ‘Simulation Safety First. An Imperative’ as guest today. Dan Raemer has had a long career in simulation and medical education spanning almost 40 years.  He is a bioengineer by training and been a member of a surgery or anesthesiology department for his entire working life.  Dan was the Chair of the Founding Board of Overseers for the Society for Simulation in Healthcare and was it’s first President.  Now in partial retirement, Dan, along with a nurse educator, Ann Mullen, and a renowned anesthesiologist, Alex Hannenberg, all from Boston, USA have started an education-oriented foundation to promote simulation safety.

We are also lucky to have Kara Allen along to discuss. Kara is an anaesthetist who in involved with inter professional simulation, including education and systems testing. She developed the CRASH and STAR courses which now run across Australia and New Zealand, helping critical care specialists navigate career transitions and return to work after leave. This has led her to work in a number of simulation settings, from stand-alone centres to simulation facilities embedded in clinical settings. 

Victoria, Dan and Kara, traverse the unintended harms from simulation and discuss the equal harms of not using simulation as a translational tool. 

If this sound familiar to Simulcast listeners, it is because Vic interviewed Ann Mullen (one of the authors of this article) back in October 2017 about hers and Dan's project, Foundations for Healthcare Simulation Safety.

So read the article, think about your simulation safety and take the pledge to improve.

https://icenetblog.royalcollege.ca/2017/12/15/simulation-and-patient-safety-a-complex-relationship/

https://healthcaresimulationsafety.org/

https://soundcloud.com/medicalsimulation/episode-007-dans-journey-to-the-dark-side

The International Meeting on Simulation in Healthcare (IMSH) will be in San Antonio, TX, USA in January 26-30th, 2019.  

Simulcast has partnered with the Society for Simulation in Healthcare (SSH) to cover the event for our listeners, and Ben and Vic will be bringing you the highlights of plenary talks, research updates and the latest technology from the Expo Hall. 

We spoke to Joseph Lopreiato, the current President of SSH about the planned event highlights, the city of San Antonio, and building the healthcare simulation community. 

For more details about the event, check out the conference website and follow #IMSH2019 on social media. 

vb  

Resuscitation Education Science: Educational Strategies to Improve Outcomes From Cardiac Arrest: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association 

Cheng, A., Nadkarni, V., Mancini, M., Hunt, E., Sinz, E., Merchant, R., Donoghue, A., Duff, J., Eppich, W., Auerbach, M., Bigham, B., Blewer, A., Chan, P. and Bhanji, F. (2018) Circulation, 138(6). 

We also discussed 3 other papers, with a theme of assessment and feedback 

• Hendrik Friederichs, Bernhard Marschall & Anne Weissenstein (2018) Simulation-based mastery learning in medical students: Skill retention at 1-year follow up, Medical Teacher, DOI: 10.1080/0142159X.2018.1503411 
• Molloy, E. and Bearman, M. (2018), Embracing the tension between vulnerability and credibility: ‘intellectual candour’ in health professions education. Med Educ. . doi:10.1111/medu.13649 
• Jeffrey N. Siegelman, Michelle Lall, Lindsay Lee, Tim P. Moran, Joshua Wallenstein, and Bijal Shah (2018) Gender Bias in Simulation-Based Assessments of Emergency Medicine Residents. Journal of Graduate Medical Education: August 2018, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 411-415. 

(and also discussed here by our friends at em simcases https://emsimcases.com/2018/10/23/limiting-gender-bias-in-simulation-assessment/ ) 

Thanks to Justin Morgenstern @First10EM for making the visit happen. We had a great time and the hospitality was amazing.

I spoke with Stephanie Barwick (@InSituSteph) and Damian Roland (@Damian_Roland) about this topic – how they got interested, what kind of research are they doing, and what recommendations do they have for our practice. 

vb

Please read our pdf summary of the Journal Club article, the month’s discussion and our expert commentary here.

Ben and Vic discuss the paper of the month, including expert commentary from Dr Gabriel Reedy (@gabereedy). 

Cheng, A., Palaganas, J., Eppich, W., Rudolph, J., Robinson, T. and Grant, V. (2015) Co-Debriefing for Simulation Based Education” Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare, 10(2), pp.69-75. 

 And we talked about a few other sim papers across a range of topics and research methods,  

Yogarajah A, Verma MM, Claro B, et al Construction of a reusable, high-fidelity model for simulation of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. BMJ Stel August 2018 doi:10.1136/bmjstel-2018-000389 

Wilbanks, Bryan A., PhD, DNP; Watts, Penni I., PhD; Epps, Chad A., MD Electronic Health Records in Simulation Education: Literature Review and Synthesis. Simulation in Healthcare: August 2018 - Volume 13 - Issue 4 - p 261–267 

Serag-Bolos ES, Shaeer KM, Gelot SR, et al Assessing pharmacy students’ preferences with implementing electronic medical records into the pharmacy curriculum. BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning Published Online First: 22 August 2018. doi: 10.1136/bmjstel-2018-000383 

So we’ll be back at the end of October with our wrap – join the discussion at simulationpodcast.com 

Victoria 

Since the start of the modern simulation era, many in the healthcare simulation community have taken a “Field of Dreams” approach to our simulation efforts, believing, like the character Ray Kinsella in the movie of the same name, that we “If we build it, they will come.” Often however, “buy-in” to simulation programs is just as difficult as getting real people to come to a baseball diamond in the middle of an Iowa cornfield. Simulation increasingly competes with a variety of other healthcare education, quality, and safety efforts for resources.

In this podcast, Jenny Rudolph talks with Victoria Brazil talk about Victoria’s alternate approach to positioning simulation in healthcare. Rather than creating simulation programs and then hoping people will come, instead, she argues, we need to solve real clinical problems, using goals co-created with the colleagues we aim to serve. This work focuses on clinical impact and culture change via what she calls “translational simulation. Translational simulation focuses our attention on identifying and addressing high yield problems at the “coal face” of clinical care. The focus is on simulation interventions that stretch outcomes beyond clinical and teamwork skills to improving clinical benchmarks, clinical outcomes and the patient journey.

Is this the same age-old exhortation to focus on patient quality and safety or something different?

Join the Center for Medical Simulation and Simulcast as we explore Victoria’s most recent publication on translational simulation and links to work by Bill McGaghie, and other exemplary work in the field.

Victoria Brazil is an emergency physician and host of Simulcast, director of the Gold Coast Simulation Service in Queensland Australia, and Professor at Bond University Medical School.  

Jenny Rudolph is an organizational behavior scholar, executive director of the Center for Medical Simulation in Boston, and an Assistant Professor of Anaesthesia at Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital.

PODCAST LINK

The links and articles below provide detail on a number of the studies and processes Jenny and Victoria discuss in the podcast.

Translational simulation: not “where?” but “why?” A functional view of in situ simulation.

Brazil, V. Advances in Simulation (2017).

https://advancesinsimulation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41077-017-0052-3

For more information on the theory and measurement of “relational coordination” which Brazil, Purdy and team will be using to study the impact of translational simulation take a look at the work of Jody Hoffer Gittell and team at the Relational Coordination Research Collaborative website:

https://rcrc.brandeis.edu/

Bill McGaghie’s seminal article on “Medical Education Research As Translational Science” is a must read for educators designing or redesigning simulation for clinical impact.

McGaghie, W. (2010)

http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/2/19/19cm8

Some of the issues regarding translational simulation might be terminology - as discussed here

 ( http://simulationpodcast.com/53-2/ )

Examples of translational simulation in action

To keep women from dying in childbirth, look to California

Montagne, R. NPR (2018)

https://www.npr.org/2018/07/29/632702896/to-keep-women-from-dying-in-childbirth-look-to-california

The California Maternal Quality Care Collaborative

https://www.cmqcc.org

When every second counts: How a simulation dramatically improved blood delivery times for trauma patients

Daugherty, A. (2018)

http://www.stmichaelshospital.com/media/detail.php?source=hospital_news/2018/0813

Please read our pdf summary of the Journal Club article, the month’s discussion and our expert commentary here.

This month's journal club podcast was a special live recording from on stage at Don't Forget the Bubbles conference in Melbourne. Ben, Victoria and Jesse were handed a whole concurrent session to deliver a Simulcast Presents Play School session. One of these sessions saw Jesse join Vic and Ben for the August Journal Club Live - excuse the few ums and ahs, crowd coughs and babies babbling (yep DFTB lead the way in being a parent and baby friendly conference. We broke through the high cognitive load to hopefully deliver the normal JC gold.

We discussed Intellectual Streaking in depth. Listen in for Ben's most risqué JC commentary yet. 

Intellectual streaking: The value of teachers exposing minds (and hearts)

Bearman, M. and Molloy, E. (2017).

Medical Teacher, 39(12), pp.1284-1285.

Victoria then brought us the Sim Cup article to discuss.

A novel simulation competition format as an effective instructional tool in post-graduate medical education by Ingrassia et al. Advances in Simulation 2018.

https://advancesinsimulation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41077-018-0075-4 

We then previewed the September Journal club, another classic debriefing paper so make sure to tune in.

Cheers,

Jesse

For this ‘pause and discuss’ episode, I was joined by Dr. Tim Chaplin - an ‘emerg doc’ (as they say in Canada) and Assistant Professor at Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada.  

Tim is also the Simulation Lead for the Department of Emergency Medicine. His research interests are in simulation-based education and resuscitation medicine. He has developed a simulation-based trauma education program for resident Trauma Team Captains as well as the Nightmares Course for junior residents covering in-patient call. 

I wanted to interview Tim after seeing him at a poster presentation on Boston recently, and was impressed by how he’d managed to bring together a large and geographically diverse group, to undertake a national snapshot of simulation-based research in Canada. 

We mention a range of topics including the outcomes of the 2017 SAEM Academic Emergency Medicine Consensus Conference: Catalyzing System Change Through Healthcare Simulation: Systems, Competency, and Outcomes 

We look forward to hearing more from Tim and his team in the future. 

Ben and Vic discuss the paper of the month, including expert commentary from Steph Barwick (@InSituSteph) 

10. J. Grant, T. Robinson, H. Catena, W. Eppich & A. Cheng (2018) Difficult Debriefing Situations : A toolbox for simulation educators” Medical Teacher, DOI: 10.1080/0142159X.2018.1468558

And we talked about a few other sim papers across a range of topics and research methods,  

Bajaj K, Minors A, Walker K, Meguerdichian M, Patterson M. "No-Go Considerations" for In Situ Simulation Safety. Simul Healthc. 2018 Jun;13(3):221-224.  

Walsh, Chloe, MSc; Lydon, Sinéad, PhD; Byrne, Dara, MMEd Ed; Madden, Caoimhe, MSc; Fox, Susan, PhD; O'Connor, Paul, PhD The 100 Most Cited Articles on Healthcare Simulation: A Bibliometric Review. Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare: June 2018 - Volume 13 - Issue 3 - p 211–220  (#FOAMsim) 

Verkuyl, M., Lapum, J. L., Hughes, M., McCulloch, T., Liu, L., Mastrilli, P., Romaniuk, D., & Betts, L. (2018, July). Virtual gaming simulation: Exploring self-debriefing, virtual debriefing, and in-person debriefing. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 20, 7-14. (#FOAMsim) 

So we’ll be back at the end of August with our wrap – join the discussion at simulationpodcast.com 

Victoria  

Rose, S. & Cheng, A. (2018). “Charge nurse facilitated clinical debriefing in the emergency department.” CJEM, 1-5. doi:10.1017/cem.2018.369.

And we talked about a few other sim papers across a range of topics and research methods, including simulation educators’ qualifications and transformative experiences, and sim for improving telephone conversations in healthcare

Gardner, Aimee K. et al. Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) for Simulation Leaders: The Time Has Come. Journal of Surgical Education, 2018

10. Dieckmann, M. Birkvad Rasmussen, S. B. Issenberg, E. Søreide, D. Østergaard & C. Ringsted (2018): Long-term experiences of being a simulation-educator: A multinational interview study, Medical Teacher, DOI: 10.1080/0142159X.2018.1471204

Walter J. Eppich, Jan-Joost Rethans, Timothy Dornan & Pim W. Teunissen. (2018): Learning how to learn using simulation: Unpacking disguised feedback using a qualitative analysis of doctors’ telephone talk, Medical Teacher, DOI: 10.1080/0142159X.2018.1465183

So we’ll be back with journal club in July – join the discussion

Victoria

Jack took us on a deep dive – explaining exactly what is meant by the terms AR and VR, and helped us distinguish the hype around this technology from the true potential to improve training. 

We geeked out a little on how it works, but then talked about AR/VR is in healthcare simulation in 2018, ad where it’s going – and its certainly likely to be in a sim program near you very soon, if not already. Anatomy and procedural skills and obvious early applications, but communication skills and teamwork via multiplayer ‘games’ are on the horizon. 

Jack will be leading a panel on this topic at SEAM in Spain next week, and we look forward to more from him, and in this interesting field 

July 26-28, 2018, Portland, Oregon 

SimOps is a healthcare simulation training and education event for operations and technical professionals. The conference attracts 200+ professionals to participate in workshops, hand-on sessions, leadership discussions and networking events. 

In this ‘pause and discuss’ I am joined by David Biffar, Assistant Director, Operations, from the Arizona Simulation Technology & Education Center (ASTEC), University of Arizona, College of Medicine  

He told us about the conference and what to expect -  the theme this year is professional development through both available courses and the networking opportunities that inherent in a conference designed specifically for the simulation operations specialist (SOS). 

Registration and information here - http://www.ssih.org/Events/SimOps-2018 

The articles for discussion were both published in the second half of 2017.

‘Simulation in the clinical setting: towards a standard lexicon’. by Glenn Posner, Marcia Clark and Vincent Grant.

https://advancesinsimulation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41077-017-0050-5

‘Translational Simulation: not ‘where?’ but ‘why?’ A functional view of in situ simulation. By Victoria Brazil.

https://advancesinsimulation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41077-017-0052-3

We traverse the subject of how terminology sets expectation and the importance of being precise when establishing the goals and expected outcomes and matching the right modality to achieve success.

Enjoy.

So we all need to get along in simulation debriefing, right? 

So easy to say, and yet rapport building can be difficult in any group, let alone one that has just been confronted with their own performance 

Jenny Rudolph from the Center for Medical Simulation was our guest in discussing this concept, prompted by a recent article and editorial in Simulation in Healthcare. 

In our discussion, we step through the ‘rapport framework’ - face sensitivities, sociality rights, interactional goals - and how it might apply to our debriefing conversations. We reflected on many of the concepts discussed in our first interview with Jenny on psychological safety.  http://simulationpodcast.com/2016/10/14/ep-4-safe-container-simulation/ 

Jenny offered theoretical insights from Carl Rogers and Milton Erickson, as well discussion of as a more contemporary take from Kim Scott in Radical Candor. 

We discussed how voice and body language contribute enormously to rapport, and finish with conjecture about who to mange cultural differences in debriefing conversations. We touched on Peter Dieckmann’s work in this area as highlighted on Simulcast Journal club - http://simulationpodcast.com/2017/10/03/simulcast-journal-club-podcast-8-september-wrap/  

And more recently as published here 

References 

Auerbach, Marc Cheng, Adam Rudolph, Jenny W. Rapport Management: Opening the Door for Effective Debriefing. Simulation in Healthcare: February 2018 - Volume 13 - Issue 1 - p 1–2 

https://journals.lww.com/simulationinhealthcare/Fulltext/2018/02000/Rapport_Management__Opening_the_Door_for_Effective.1.aspx 

Loo ME, Krishnasamy C, Lim WS. Considering face, rights and goals: a critical review of rapport management in facilitator-guided simulation debriefing approaches. Simul Healthc 2018;13(1):53–61. 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29076968 

Kumar A, Sturrock S, Wallace EM, et al. Evaluation of learning from Practical Obstetric Multi-Professional Training and its impact on patient outcomes in Australia using Kirkpatrick’s framework: a mixed methods study. BMJ Open 2018;8:e017451. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017451 

And a few other sim papers across a range of topics and research methods, all in the theme of ‘measurement’. 

Jiang, Bailin; Ju, Hui; Zhao, Ying; Yao, Lan; Feng, Yi. Comparison of the Efficacy and Efficiency of the Use of Virtual Reality Simulation with High-Fidelity Mannequins for Simulation-Based Training of Fiberoptic Bronchoscope Manipulation. Simulation in Healthcare: April 2018 - Volume 13 - Issue 2 - p 83–87. doi: 10.1097/SIH.0000000000000299 

Seelandt JC, Grande B, Kriech S, et al DE-CODE: a coding scheme for assessing debriefing interactions BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning Published Online First: 08 November 2017. doi: 10.1136/bmjstel-2017-000233 

Pawar S, Jacques T, Deshpande K, et al. Evaluation of cognitive load and emotional states during multidisciplinary critical care simulation sessions. BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning Published Online First: 07 December 2017. doi:10.1136/bmjstel-2017-000225 

Next month Ben is off on a holiday…..  

So we’ll be back with journal club in June, when we’ll also be coming to you from Bilbao Spain for SESAM conference! 

Vic 

Eppich, W. and Cheng, A. (2015). Promoting Excellence and Reflective Learning in Simulation (PEARLS). Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare, 10(2), pp.106-115. 

And a few other sim papers across a range of topics and research methods. 

1. 1. Snelgrove H, Fernando A Practising forethought: the role of mental simulation BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning Published Online First: 29 January 2018. doi: 10.1136/bmjstel-2017-000281
2. Lorello, G., Hicks, C., Ahmed, S., Unger, Z., Chandra, D., & Hayter, M. (2016). Mental practice: A simple tool to enhance team-based trauma resuscitation. CJEM, 18(2), 136-142. doi:10.1017/cem.2015.4

3. McNaughten B, Hart C, Gallagher S, et al. Clinician’s gaze behaviour in simulated paediatric emergencies. Archives of Disease in Childhood Published Online First: 07 March 2018. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2017-314119

4. Greenwood K, Ewell S. Faculty development through simulation-based education in physical therapist education. Advances in Simulation 2018 3:1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s41077-017-0060-3

Note – for a better discussion of phenomenology than I provide on the podcast….. https://icenetblog.royalcollege.ca/2018/02/13/appliedmededmethods101-phenomenography-to-understand-how-something-can-be-understood/ 

Next month Ben Invites us to join the April discussion of an evaluation paper  

Kumar A, Sturrock S, Wallace EM, et al. Evaluation of learning from Practical Obstetric Multi-Professional Training and its impact on patient outcomes in Australia using Kirkpatrick’s framework: a mixed methods study. BMJ Open 2018;8:e017451. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017451 

Looking forward to another great discussion  

Vic 

Hicks, C. and Petrosoniak, A.   “The Human Factor : Optimising Trauma Team Performance in Dynamic Clinical Environments ”  Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America, 36(1), pp.1-17 

And a few other sim papers across a range of topics and research methods. 

1. Jessica B. Stokes-Parisha,Robbert Duvivier, Brian Jolly. Investigating the impact of moulage on simulation engagement — A systematic review. Nurse Education Today 64 (2018) 49 - 55https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2018.01.003 

2. McGrath BA,Doherty C, Moore JA, et al. The role of high-fidelity simulation in designing emergency airway management algorithms: the experience of the UK National Tracheostomy safety project, BMJ STEL Published Online First 2017 doi:10.1136/bmjstel-2017-000267 

3. Katie A.Haerling. Cost-Utility Analysis of Virtual and Mannequin-Based Simulation. Sim Healthcare 13:34–41, 2018 

4. Dennis T.Hsieh ,  Wendy C. Coates. Poverty Simulation: An Experiential Learning Tool for Teaching Social Determinants of Health. AEM Education and Training 2018;2:51–54. 

Next month Ben Invites us to join the March discussion of a classic paper  

Eppich, W. and Cheng, A. (2015). Promoting Excellence and Reflective Learning in Simulation (PEARLS). Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare, 10(2), pp.106-115. 

Looking forward to another great discussion  

Vic 

SESAM is the Society in Europe for Simulation Applied to Medicine, and hosts an annual conference. 

This podcast was inspired by a blog post by Gabe Reedy highlighting the ‘best of’ work presented at SESAM 2017 in Paris, and highlighted as a supplement in Advances in Simulation journal . We also took the opportunity to look ahead to SESAM 2018 which will be in Bilbao, Spain June 27 – 29th, with the theme Translational simulation.  

My guests were Gabe Reedy (@gabereedy) , author of the blog post and educational leader at SAiL Centres in London, as well as Carla Sa Couto, chair of SESAM scientific committee this year. 

Simulcast will be bringing you highlights form the conference in June. 

In their own words “we describe the learning from success (LFS) approach to simulation and debriefing. Drawing on several theoretical frameworks, we suggest supplementing the widespread deficit-oriented, corrective approach to simulation with an approach that focusses on systematically understanding how good performance is produced in frequent (mundane) simulation scenarios.” 

Peter Dieckmann and Mary Patterson joined us for the podcast, and we took a deep dive into Safety 2.0 and some theory underpinning this approach. 

Appreciative inquiry, “positive deviance” and “exnovation” are new ideas for most simulation debriefers, but ideas which we need in our toolbox for making the most of our simulation. 

We offer some practical examples for what this might mean for our scenario design, delivery and debriefing 

Thanks to our guests and to Advances for another great collaborative effort 

Victoria 

Rudolph, J., Raemer, D. and Simon, R. (2014).  “Establishing a Safe Container for Learning in Simulation” Simulation in Healthcare: Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare, 9(6), pp.339-349. 

We tried to summarise a fantastic, multifaceted discussion and admired the wonderful expert article commentary from Chris Nickson.  

We then reviewed some recent papers 

1. Cecilia Escheret al.  Method matters: impact of in-scenario instruction on simulation-based teamwork training Advances in Simulation 2017 2:25 

 - how should we provide ‘extra scenario information’ to close the gap between the simulator appearance and real life.? 

2. Coffey F, Tsuchiya K, Timmons S, et alAnalysing voice quality and pitch in interactions of emergency care simulation BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning Published Online First: 06 September 2017.  

- interesting question, using sim as a ‘test bed’ 

3. Bean DM, Taylor P, Dobson RJBA patient flow simulator for healthcare management education BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning Published Online First: 07 October 2017 

- learn about the factors affecting efficient patient flow through hospitals using computer simulation, but don’t go looking for an online game… 

4. Christopher Hicks, AndrewPetrosoniak, The Human Factor: Optimizing Trauma Team Performance in Dynamic Clinical Environments, In Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 1-17, 

- a MUST READ landmark paper 

We’re taking a break now til February when we’ll be back with more great Simulcast Journal Club 

Vic