If you'd like more information about David Lang and The Little Match Girl Passion, we recommend:

1. David Lang's website
2. Dominic Wells's "In the Footsteps of Bach's St. Matthew Passion: The Passion Setting of David Lang and James MacMillan" Tempo 67, no. 264 (2013): 40–51.
3. Tom Service's BBC podcast "The Listening Service" on The Match Girl Passion
4. William Robin's Industry: Bang on a Can and New Music in the Marketplace New York: Oxford University Press, 2021

If you'd like more information about Ornette Coleman, we recommend:

1. Stephen Rush's book Free Jazz, Harmolodics, and Ornette Coleman (Routledge, 2016)
2. Michael Stephan's book Experiencing Ornette Coleman: A Listener's Companion (Rowman and Littlefield, 2017)
3. Nathan Frink's dissertation "Dancing in His Head: The Evolution of Ornette Coleman's Music and Compositional Philosophy" (University of Pittsburgh, 2016) 

If you'd like more information about Yehudi Wyner, we recommend:

• June Yin-Hsuan Chen's dissertation, "Analysis of Yehudi Wyner's Piano Concerto, 'Chiavi in Mano'"
• Chapter 17: "A Tale of Two Concertos: The Piano Concertos of Yehudi Wyner and Bernard Rands" in Observations on Music, Culture, and Politics by Daniel Asia
• David Cleary's "An Intoxicating Wyner at 70" in The New Music Connoisseur 8, no. 2 (2000) 9–10.

If you'd like to know more about the performance, we recommend:

1. Information about the live performance by the South Dakota Symphony Orchestra
2. The streaming performance of Giants in the Earth
3. Joshua Barone's coverage of the performance in the New York Times, "An Operatic ‘Diamond on the Side of the Road’ Catches Light Again."

If you'd like more information about Steven Stucky, we recommend:

1. "Stucky, Hartke, Crockett: Conversations in Los Angeles." Contemporary Music Review, 10, no. 1 (1994): 51–73.
2. Franklin Crawford, "Steal this concerto, please: An interview with Steven Stucky" Cornell Chronicle, April 21, 2005.
3. Steven Stucky, Lutosławski and his Music (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981).
4. This Washington Post article about the changes to the music prize from June 2004.

If you'd like more information about Paul Moravec, we recommend:

1. Paul Moravec's personal website
2. Dialogue with Moravec for the Kansas City Lyric Opera's production of The Shining
3. Paul Moravec's short article “Tonality and Transcendence.” Contemporary Music Review vol. 6. no. 2 (1992): 39–42.

If you'd like more information about John Adams, we recommend:

1. His memoir Hallelujah Junction: Composing an American Life (you can read an excerpt at NPR).
2. Dan Blim's article referenced in the show, "Disunity and the Commemoration of 9/11 in John Adams's On the Transmigration of Souls" Journal of the Society for American Music, 7, no. 4 (November 2013): 382-420.
3. Kalle Puolakka's article "Public Art and Dewey’s Democratic Experience: The Case of John Adams’s On the Transmigration of Souls" The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 74, No. 4 (2016): 371-81.

If you'd like to learn more about Henry Brant and Ice Field, we recommend:

1. This video of the work with commentary from Michael Tilson Thomas and organist Cameron Carpenter
2. Maria Anna Harley's article “An American in Space: Henry Brant’s ‘Spatial Music.’” American Music 15, no. 1 (1997): 70–92.
3. Frank Oteri's 2002 interview with Henry Brant in New Music Box

If you'd like to learn more about Corigliano, we recommend:

1. This interview with Corigliano by Living the Classical Life
2. Corigliano's composer's note about the Symphony No. 2
3. Elizabeth Bergman's “Of Rage and Remembrance, Music and Memory: The Work of Mourning in John Corigliano’s Symphony No. 1 and Choral Chaconne.” American Music 31, no. 3 (2013): 340–61

If you'd like more information about Lewis Spratlan, we recommend:

1. This video of Spratlan talking about the origins of the opera before the full premiere by the Santa Fe Opera.
2. This video of Spratlan detailing the opera's history with the Massachusetts Cultural Council.
3. A. Robert Lauer's article "The Santa Fe Opera’s Life Is a Dream" Bulletin of the Comediantes, Volume 63, Number 2 (2011): 155-60.

If you'd like more information about Melinda Wagner, we recommend:

1. Frank Oteri's excellent interview with Melinda Wagner from 2015
2. Yujia Xia's dissertation "Melinda Wagner and Her Piano Concerto: Extremity of Sky" from 2021.
3. Mark Alburger, "Winning the Pulitzer Can Brighten Your Whole Day: An Interview with Melinda Wagner," 20th-Century Music 6, no. 6 (1999): 1-7.

If you'd like more information about Aaron Jay Kernis and the String Quartet #2, we recommend:

1. Leta Miller's book Aaron Jay Kernis, the first biography of the composer that we reference several times in the episode.
2. A conversation between Kernis and Frank Oteri right after the biography was published.

If you'd like more information about Wynton Marsalis, we recommend:

1. Wynton Marsalis's official website
2. Moving to Higher Ground: How Jazz Can Change Your Life by Wynton Marsalis and Geoffrey Ward
3. David Stowe's article "The Diasporic Imagination of Wynton Marsalis," in The Black Urban Community, edited by Gayle T. Tate and Lewis A. Randolph (Palgrave, 2006)
4. Matthew Alan Thomas's dissertation "Dynamic canons: How the Pulitzer Prize, documentary film, and the U.S. Department of State are changing the way we think about jazz," University of Southern California, 2011

If you'd like more information about George Walker or Lilacs, we recommend:

1. Ginger Sharnell Jones-Robinson's DMA document, "An Analysis of Selected Vocal Works by George Walker" from the University of South Carolina, 2023.
2. Mikey Thomas Terry's interview with George Walker, The Musical Quarterly, Vol. 84, No. 3 (2000), pp. 372–88
3. This short documentary on Walker and his music

If you'd like more information about Morton Gould, we recommend:

1. J. Wesley Flinn's article, "Developing Variation in the Late Work of Morton Gould and Why It Matters" Gamut vol. 10. no. 1 (2021)
2. Lee Evan's dissertation, "Morton Gould: His Life and Music," Columbia University, 1978.
3. Peter Goodman's book, Morton Gould: American Salute (Amadeus Press, 2003).

If you'd like more information about Gunther Schuller, we recommend:

1. Schuller's autobiography, A Life in Pursuit of Music and Beauty
2. The Gunther Schuller Society
3. Read "The Compleat Musician in the Complete Conservatory" in Schuller's collection of essays, Musings. 

If you'd like more information about Christopher Rouse, we recommend:

1. This interview with Joe Alessi mentioned in the episode.
2. R. Burkhardt Reiter's 2005 dissertation, Symmetry and Narrative in Christopher Rouse's Trombone Concerto with white space waiting (an original composition for chamber orchestra). 
3. Laurie Shulman's article, "Christopher Rouse: An Overview" in Tempo, no. 199 (1997): 2-8.

If you'd like more information about Wayne Peterson, we recommend:

1. Joshua Kosman's Obituary of the composer in the New York Times.
2. Peterson's professional management service (with discography, video, etc.)
3. The Boston Modern Orchestra Project's recording of The Face of the Night, The Heart of the Dark.

About Howard Pollack

As mentioned in the podcast, here is Shulamit Ran performing with the New York Philharmonic in 1965:

If you'd like more information on Shulamit Ran, we recommend:

1. Malcolm Miller, "Between Two Cultures: A Conversation with Shulamit Ran" Tempo, 2004, 58(227):15-32.
2. "Casting Musical Spells: Time, Passion, and Inevitability in the Music of Shulamit Ran,"  In: Kouvaras, L., Williams, N., Grenfell, M. (eds) The Composer, Herself. Palgrave Macmillan (2023).

If you'd like more information about Mel Powell, we recommend:

1. Sally Lamb, “An Analytical Guide to the Works of Mel Powell.” DMA diss., Cornell University, 1988.
2. Jeffrey Perry, "Constructing a Relevant Past: Mel Powell's Beethoven Analogs" American Music 29, no. 4 (2011): 491–535.

Finally, you might like to see Mel Powell in action with Benny Goodman:

If you'd like more information about Roger Reynolds, we recommend:

1. Kyle Gann's American Music in the 20th Century (Schirmer, 1997).
2. Roger Reynolds's "Ideals and Realities: A Composer in America" American Music Vol. 25, No. 1 (2007): 4-49.

If you'd like more information about William Bolcom, we recommend:

1. Henry S. Jones's dissertation "William Bolcom's Twelve New Etudes for Piano" (Louisiana State University, 1994).
2. Ji Sun Lee's dissertation "Revolutionary Etudes: The Expansion of Piano Technique Exploited in the Twelve New Etudes of William Bolcom" (University of Arizona, 2001)
3. William Bolcom's website.

And if you'd like to read Dave's interview with Marc-André Hamelin (who premiered the entire set), you can find it here.

If you'd like more information about Harbison, we recommend:

1. Brian Galante's dissertation "John Harbison's The Flight into Egypt: An Analysis for Performance," University of North Texas, 2008.
2. Mike Seabrook's "John Harbison and His Music," Tempo 197 (July 1996): 7–11.
3. Tom Jacob's profile in the San Francisco Classical Voice.

For more information about George Perle, we recommend:

1. George Perle, Twelve-Tone Tonality, 2nd edition (University of California Press, 1996).
2. George Perle, The Operas of Alban Berg, Vol I and Vol II (University of California Press, 1989).
3. Elliott Antokoletz, "George Perle: Man, Composer, and Theorist," Theory and Practice 33 (2008): 55-63.
4. Steven Rosenhaus, "Harmonic Motion in George Perle's Wind Quintet No. 4" Ph.D. dissertation, New York University, 1995.

For more information about Stephen Albert, we recommend:

1. Ron Petrides's dissertation "Pitch Organization in Stephen Albert's Symphony RiverRun: A Study in Modal Combinations and Tonal Centricity" PhD Diss, NYU, 2008.
2. Holly Watkins's article "The Pastoral After Environmentalism: Nature and Culture in Stephen Albert's Symphony: RiverRun" Current Musicology, no. 84 (2007): 7-24.
3. Stephen Albert's Website (maintained by Alissa Grimaldi)

If you'd like more information about Rands, we recommend:

1. Will Robin's article "Horizons ’83, Meet the Composer, and New Romanticism’s New Marketplace" in Musical Quarterly, Vol. 102, nos. 2-3 (2019): 158–99.
2. Benjamin Rivera's thesis "An Introduction to the Musical Language of Bernard Rands, as Demonstrated in Canti d'Amor" from Roosevelt University in 2005.
3. Bruce Duffie's interview with Bernard Rands.

As promised in the episode, here's Ellen Taaffe Zwilich's appearance in Peanuts.

If you'd like more information about Zwilich, we recommend:

1. Julie Schnepel's article "Ellen Taaffe Zwilich's Symphony No. 1: Developing Variation in the 1980s" in Indiana Theory Review Vol. 10 (Spring and Fall 1989): 1-19
2. Anthony J. Palmer's "Interview with Ellen Taaffe Zwilich" in Philosophy of Music Education Review Vol. 19, No. 1 (Spring 2011): 80-99.
3. Ellen Taaffe Zwilich's website.

If you'd like to learn more about Roger Sessions, we recommend:

1. Roger Sessions on Music: Collected Essays, edited by Edward T. Cone (Princeton University Press, 1979).
2. Andrea Olmstead's book Roger Sessions: A Biography (Routledge, 2008).
3. The Correspondence of Roger Sessions by Andrea Olmstead and Roger Sessions (Northeastern University Press, 1992)
4. The Roger Sessions Society

If you'd like more information about David Del Tredici, we recommend:

1. Contemporary Music Review's issue on New Tonality, volume 6, issue 2 (1992), including Paul Moravec's interview with Del Tredici.
2. J. D. Dolan's article on Del Tredici in BOMB, No. 60 (Summer 1997): 42-45
3. James E. Chute's dissertation "The reemergence of tonality in contemporary music as shown in the works of David Del Tredici, Joseph Schwantner, and John Adams" (University of Cincinnati, 1991)
4. A recent interview with Del Tredici

If you'd like more information about Schwantner we recommend:

1. James Chute's dissertation "The reemergence of tonality in contemporary music as shown in the works of David Del Tredici, Joseph Schwantner, and John Adams" (University of Cincinnati, 1991)
2. Schwantner's website

3. Cynthia Folio's article "The synthesis of traditional and contemporary elements in Joseph Schwantner's 'Sparrows,'" Perspectives of New Music, vol. 24, no. 1 (1985): 184-96.

If you'd like more information about Colgrass, we recommend:

1. Colgrass's autobiographies Adventures of an American Composer and My Lessons with Kumi 
2. James Donald Broadhurst's dissertation "The early drum-melodic music of Michael Colgrass and the evolution of the Colgrass drum" (The Ohio State University, 2005)

If you'd like more information about Richard Wernick, we recommend:

1. This interview with Wernick from 2021 with the Network for New Music
2. Michael Rose's dissertation "Unity in diversity: the synthesis of compositional approaches in Richard Wernick's Vision of terror and wonder"
3. Bruce Duffie's interview with Wernick

Please rate and review us on Apple Podcasts!

And was Air Music actually supposed to win the Pulitzer Prize??? Tune in to find out.

If you'd like to know more about Ned Rorem, we recommend:

1. Ned Rorem, The Paris and the New York Diaries, 1951-1961, Open Road Media
2. J.D. McClatchy's 1999 interview with Ned Rorem in The Paris Review, Issue 150
3. A Ned Rorem Reader (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2001)

If you'd like more information about Dominick Argento, we recommend:

1. Jacquelyn Matava's dissertation "Dominick Argento's From the Diary of Virginia Woolf: A Preparation Guide for Performers" (Indiana University, 2014)
2. Russell Platt's New Yorker article "The Elegant Musical Vessels of Dominick Argento"
3. Argento's memoir, Catalogue Raisonnâe as Memoir: A Composer's Life (University of Minnesota Press, 2004)

Please write a review of us on Apple Podcasts or wherever you listen to the podcast -- thanks!

If you'd like more information about Donald Martino and Notturno, we recommend:

1. James Praznik's 2022 dissertation "Dreaming of Single Hexachords in an Infinite Expanse: An Analysis of Movement II of Donald Martino’s Notturno"
2. The collection of articles in tribute to Martino in Perspectives of New Music 29/2 (Summer 1991)
3. Bruce Duffie's interview with Martino

If you'd like more information about Elliott Carter and his String Quartet No. 3, we recommend:

1. This performance of the String Quartet No. 3 by the Jack Quartet.
2. Andrew W. Mead's article "Pitch Structure in Elliott Carter's String Quartet No. 3" in Perspectives of New Music,  vol. 22, no. 1/2 (Autumn, 1983 - Summer, 1984): 31-60
3. Laura Emmery's book Compositional Process in Elliott Carter's String Quartets: A Study in Sketches (Routledge, 2020)

If you'd like to know more about Druckman, we recommend:

1. Nicholas Papador's dissertation Jacob Druckman: A Bio-Bibliography and Guide to Research, Northwestern University, 2003.
2. Druckman's interview in Cole Gagne and Tracy Caras's Soundpieces: Interviews with American Composers (Scarecrow Press, 1982)
3. Bruce Duffie speaks with Jacob Druckman

If you'd like more information about Davidovsky, we recommend:

1. Wesley True's lecture “Men, Music, and Machines. Some Thoughts Generated by the Practice and Performance of Mario Davidovsky’s Synchronisms #6 for Piano and Electronics” published in the Journal of the American Liszt Society vol. 9 (June 1981): 50-54.
2. Eric Chasalow's "Mario Davidovsky, An Introduction," Agni no. 50 (1999): 195-200.
3. Davidovsky's bio page on the Edition Peters site.

If you're interested in learning more about Wuorinen, we recommend:

1. Charles Wuorinen's extensive website
2. Elliott Schwartz's article "Electronic Music: A Thirty-Year Retrospective" in Music Educators Journal, Vol. 64, No. 7 (March 1978): 36-41.
3. Perspective of New Music's "Charles Wuorinen: A Celebration at 80," Vol. 56, No. 2 (Summer 2018)

If you'd like more information about Husa, we recommend:

1. Lawrence W. Hartzell's "Karel Husa: The Man and the Music" in The Musical Quarterly Vol. 62, No. 1 (Jan., 1976), pp. 87-104
2. Susan Hayes Hitchens's Karel Husa: A Bio-bibliography, published by Greenwood Press in 1991.
3. New York Times obituary for Husa by Steve Smith: https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/04/arts/music/karel-husa-pulitzer-prize-winning-composer-dies-at-95.html

If you'd like more information about George Crumb, we recommend:

1. George Crumb's New York Times obituary
2. Thomas Riis's "A Conversation with George Crumb" in The American Music Research Center Journal, Vol. 3 (Jan 1, 1993)
3. Crumb's article "Music: Does It Have a Future?" in The Kenyon Review Vol. 2, No. 3 (Summer, 1980), pp. 115-122
4. Crumb's website: http://www.georgecrumb.net

In this episode, Dave and Andrew explore the first music winner to incorporate electronics, Leon Kirchner. Kirchner wanted to expand human capabilities by combining live performance with recorded electronic sounds. Although he did not focus his music on electronics after the 3rd Quartet, Kirchner's award ultimately set a trend for the Pulitzer the next few years, as the jury became more and more accepting of new sounds and timbres.

If you'd like more information about Leon Kirchner, we recommend:

1. Robert Rigg's biography Leon Kirchner: Composer, Performer, and Teacher (University of Rochester Press, 2010)
2. Bruce Duffie's 1990 interview with Leon Kirchner

If you'd like more information about Leslie Bassett, we recommend:

1. Leslie Bassett's homepage
2. Ellen S. Johnson's Leslie Bassett: a Bio-Bibliography, published in 1994 by Greenwood Press 

3. Stephanie Brunelli's dissertation, The use of the piano in the twentieth-century orchestra: A study of Pulitzer Prize compositions by Copland, Bassett, and Druckman

What happened in 1964 and what were the ramifications on later music winners?

(Photo of Pianist John Browning, 1966)

If you'd like more information about Samuel Barber or his Piano Concerto No. 1, we recommend:

1. Emily Lu's 1986 dissertation from the University of Wisconsin, "The Piano Concerto of Samuel Barber"
2. Jonathan Blumhofer's fascinating discussion of the piece in "Rethinking the Repertoire #13 – Samuel Barber’s Piano Concerto"
3. The interview with pianist John Browning in the Peter Dickinson edited volume Samuel Barber Remembered (Rochester: University of Rochester Press, 2010.

If you're interested in more information about Robert Ward or The Crucible, we recommend:

1. Robert Kolt's book Robert Ward's The Crucible: Creating an American Musical Nationalism.
2. Robert Kolt's article "The Devil Made Me Do It! History to Play to Opera: Media Transformation in Arthur Miller's 'The Crucible'" in the Hungarian Journal of English and American Studies Vol. 20, No. 1 (Spring, 2014), pp. 55-76.
3. Charles Patrick Wolver's 1986 dissertation "Robert Ward's The Crucible: A Critical Commentary."

If you're interested in more information about Walter Piston's teaching, we recommend:

1. Piston/DeVoto, Harmony
2. Piston, Counterpoint 
3. Piston, Orchestration

If you're interested in learning more about Carter or his Second String Quartet, we recommend:

1. David Thurmaier's "'A Disturbing Lack of Musical and Stylistic Continuity'? Elliott Carter, Charles Ives, and Musical Borrowing" Current Musicology, 96 (Fall 2013), 97-124.
2. Tiina Koivisto's "Multilayered Rhythms, Meter, and Notated Meter: Temporal Processes in Elliott Carter's Second String Quartet" Theory and Practice, 34 (2009), 141-171.
3. Elliott Carter's website, a well-maintained source of information about his music and recent recordings and performances.
4. Laura Emmery's study on the string quartets (including the 3rd, which will win the Pulitzer Prize in 1973): Compositional Process in Elliott Carter's String Quartets

If you'd like to learn more about John La Montaine, we recommend:

1. Frank Oteri's 2003 interview "Rediscovering John La Montaine"
2. Bruce Duffie's 1989 interview with John La Montaine

3. Erica Beth Weintraub's article “John La Montaine: Life on the Edge” in Music Educators Journal, vol 69, no. 7 (March 1983): 41-43

If you'd like more information about Samuel Barber or Vanessa we recommend:

1. This fascinating background article in Pasatiempo by James M. Keller
2. Howard Pollack's article "Samuel Barber, Jean Sibelius, and the Making of an American Romantic" in The Musical Quarterly, vol. 84, vo. 2 (Summer, 2000): 175-205
3. Barbara B. Heyman's biography Samuel Barber: The Composer and His Music, 2nd edition (Oxford University Press, 2020) 
4. A synopsis of the opera

If you want to know more about Dello Joio, we recommend:

1. Dello Joio's website (which was last updated in 2009, but still has useful documentation on his life and career)
2. Edward Downes's article "The Music of Norman Dello Joio" in The Musical Quarterly Vol. 48, No. 2 (April, 1962): 149-172.
3. Ann Meyer's interview with Norman Dello Joio published in Music Educators Journal Vol 74, Issue 2 (1987): 53-56.

If you'd like to learn more about Ernst Toch, we recommend:

1. This fascinating article about Toch's experience fleeing the Nazis written by his grandson.
2. Toch's Geographical Fugue, one of the first examples of "Gesprochene Musik."
3. Paul A. Pisk and Manton Monroe Marble's 1938 survey of Toch's music written for The Musical Quarterly.

If you're interested in The Saint of Bleecker Street, we recommend:

1. The original Broadway cast recording from 1954
2. The TV movie version of the opera, broadcast on NBC in 1955

We also recommend exploring the Spoleto festival a bit more, both the Festival of Two Worlds held in Spoleto, Italy and the Spoleto Festival hosted in Charleston, South Carolina, USA.

Quincy Porter bridges many of the themes we've seen so far in the podcast: he was the last student of nineteenth-century American composer Horatio Parker (who also taught 1947 prize  winner Charles Ives), he taught composition at an Ivy League school (Yale, in this case) for many years, and he was celebrated for his orchestral music during his lifetime, but is virtually forgotten today.

From that list, and from our previous episodes on Howard Hanson, Walter Piston, and Douglas Moore, you might think you have a good sense of what Porter's Ivy League New England musical style might be, but are you right? Join us to find out.

For more about Quincy Porter:

1) https://composers.com/composers/quincy-porter

2) https://necmusic.edu/archives/quincy-porter

As we move further into the 1950s, we're entering the doldrums of the Pulitzer Prizes, where few winners have entered the repertoire. Gail Kubik was a phenomenon in his day, writing equally well for the concert hall and the movie theatre. His Symphony Concertante began life as a film score before he extracted themes to craft this work featuring viola, trumpet, and piano. So why have you never heard of the work or, most likely its creator?

If you'd like to learn more about Kubik, we recommend:

1. His delightful score for the Academy Award-winning cartoon Gerald McBoing-Boing.
2. The extensive information from Kubik's archive at Kansas State University.
3. Alfred W. Cochran's article "The Functional Music of Gail Kubik: Catalyst for the Concert Hall" in Indiana Theory Review, Vol. 19 (Spring/Fall 1998), 1-11    

    

If you'd like to learn more about Moore, we recommend:

1. Jerry L. McBride's Douglas Moore: A Bio-bibliography
2. The website dedicated to his more famous and much more performed opera The Ballad of Baby Doe

In the middle part of the 20th century, Menotti was one of the most famous composers in America, particularly after his perennial Christmas favorite Amahl and the Night Visitors premiered on December 24, 1951, as the first opera composed for television. The Consul was one of his most celebrated operas during his lifetime and the first opera to receive the Pulitzer, but does it still resonate today?

If you'd like to learn more about Menotti, we recommend:

1. Donald Hixon's Bio-Bibliography on Menotti (Greenwood Press, 2000)
2. A wonderful interview with Menotti from 1997 conducted by Gene Brooks
3. The Youtube channel of the Gian Carlo Menotti Archive where you can discover historical recordings of Menotti's works and interviews from many connected to his life and work
4. A performance of the opera: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ekrx98zKnk0

Virgil Thomson is perhaps best known for his operas like Four Saints in Three Acts or his precise and incisive music criticism at the New York Herald Tribune. But he was also a pioneer in film scoring, particularly documentary film scoring during the Great Depression. In 1936, he wrote his first film score for Pare Lorentz's The Plow that Broke the Plains, and he followed it up with The River two years later for the same director. A decade later, the father of the narrative documentary film, Robert Flaherty, hired Thomson to score what would be his last film. As the only piece of movie music to ever win the Pulitzer, Louisiana Story is at least a curiosity in the prize's history, but does it stand up today?

If you'd like more information about Virgil Thomson we recommend:

1. Anthony Tommasini's magisterial biography Virgil Thomson: Composer on the Aisle (New York City: W.W. Norton & Company, 1999).
2. The Library of America's collection of Virgil Thomson's writings, edited by Tim Page
3. The Virgil Thomson Papers at Yale University: https://archives.yale.edu/repositories/6/resources/10673
4. Thomson's website page with more resources: http://www.virgilthomson.org/resources/further-research

Walter Piston was a long-time teacher at Harvard University (Leonard Bernstein and Elliott Carter count among his students) and author of several influential textbooks, including Principles of Harmonic Analysis (1933) and Orchestration (1955). He was also, according to Aaron Copland, “one of the most expert craftsmen American music can boast.” His Symphony No. 3, premiered by the Boston Symphony Orchestra in 1948, displays that craftsmanship but also the rich, sonorous sound he could pull from the orchestra. But how does it stand up today?

If you'd like more information about Walter Piston we recommend:

1. Carol Oja's essay "Reappraising Walter Piston"
2. Elliott Carter's summary of his teacher's music "Walter Piston" in The Musical Quarterly, vol. 32, no. 3 (July 1946): 354-375.
3. Howard Pollack's book Harvard Composers: Walter Piston and His Students, from Elliott Carter to Frederick Rzewski (Scarecrow Press, 1992).
4. The first recording of the piece: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=18IybqdI5dw

This piece, largely scored/written between 1908-11, features many of Ives's favorite techniques, including musical borrowing, cumulative form, and mixtures of harmonic techniques all wrapped up in a short and compact chamber symphony. Ives himself had mixed feelings about the piece, thinking it was a transitional "crossway between the older ways and the newer ways," but it caught the attention of the Pulitzer board through its premiere performance in New York conducted by Lou Harrison in 1946. It was also the first piece to win the Pulitzer Prize that written much earlier than its premiere, and it helped propel Ives and his music into the public eye.

If you'd like more information about Ives or his Symphony No. 3, we recommend:

1) The Charles Ives Society: www.charlesives.org

2) Charles Ives, Memos, edited by John Kirkpatrick (W.W. Norton, 1971)

3) J. Peter Burkholder, All Made of Tunes (Yale University Press, 1995)

4) Mark Zobel, The Third Symphony of Charles Ives. Vol. 6 CMS Sourcebooks in American Music, edited by Michael Budds. (Pendragon Press, 2009).

5) A new recording by Michael Tilson Thomas and the San Francisco Symphony: https://www.sfsymphony.org/Discover-the-Music/SFS-Media/charles-Ives-Nos3-4

If you'd like more information about Canticle of the Sun and Leo Sowerby, we recommend:

1. Brice Gerlach's dissertation "Leo Sowerby's The Canticle of the Sun: An Analysis for Performance."
2. Timothy Sharp's article "The Choral Music of Leo Sowerby: A Centennial Perspective," which you can find in The Choral Journal. 35, no. 8 (1995): 9–19.
3. A good recording of the piece: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P1yxjhfSH4A
4. Leo Sowerby's papers and archives at Northwestern University: https://findingaids.library.northwestern.edu/repositories/3/resources/495

If you'd like more information about Appalachian Spring and Aaron Copland, we recommend:

1. Howard Pollack's biography Aaron Copland: The Life and Work of an Uncommon Man.
2. Jennifer Delapp-Birket's article "Appalachian Spring at 75: Then and Now"
3. Copland House: http://www.coplandhouse.org
4. Publisher (Boosey and Hawkes): https://www.boosey.com/cr/composer/Aaron+Copland?ttype=BIOGRAPHY

If you'd like to know more about Howard Hanson, we recommend:

1. Harmonic Materials of Modern Music, Howard Hanson's book on music theory freely available online.
2. Allen Cohen's Howard Hanson in Theory and Practice, from Praeger Publishers in 2004.
3. Emily Abrams Ansari, The Sound of a Superpower: Musical Americanism and the Cold War, from Oxford University Press, 2018. This book combines Schuman and Hanson into one chapter and includes chapters on upcoming Pulitzer winners Aaron Copland and Virgil Thomson, exploring how all shaped American musical culture midcentury.

In this episode, Dave and Andrew explore the winner of the first Pulitzer Prize in Music, William Schuman and his Secular Cantata No. 2, "A Free Song." The work was William Schuman's contribution to the American war effort during World War II, but remains more of a curiosity than a mainstay in the choral/orchestral repertoire.

If you'd like to know more about William Schuman and how he won the prize, we recommend:

1. Steve Swayne's biography Orpheus in Manhattan: William Schuman and the Shaping of America's Musical Life (New York: Oxford University Press, 2011)
2. Steve Swayne's article on "A Free Song," "William Schuman, World War II, and the Pulitzer Prize," The Musical Quarterly, Volume 89, Issue 2-3 (Summer-Fall 2006): 273–320

Finally, several listeners have asked about our wonderful announcer for the podcast; Dale Morehouse is a marvelous singer, teacher, and stage director, and we're fortunate he agreed to help us out with the podcast.

In the first episode, Andrew and Dave discuss the impetus behind starting the podcast, how each episode will be organized, and some opening thoughts on the history of the music prize and the whole concept and meaning of the Pulitzer Prize. Please subscribe to receive each new episode.

If you're interested in further reading or want to see what resources we used for this episode, we recommend:

1. Julia K. Kuhlman's "Prizes, Winning, and Identity: Narrative Vocal Music of the Pulitzer Prize, 2008–2018"
2. Heinz-Dietrich Fischer's edited book The Pulitzer Prize Winners for Music (Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 2010). 

We also want to thank the Society for American Music for their support of this podcast through their Sight and Sound Subvention. The Society for American Music is dedicated to the study, teaching, creation, and dissemination of all musics in the Americas, so check out their many outstanding projects.

Want to contact us? Email us at hearingthepulitzers@gmail.com and follow us at twitter and Facebook @HPulitzers.