Indictable https://www.indictablepodcast.com Indictable is a true crime podcast hosted by Dr Catrin Williams, a forensic psychologist who works daily in the criminal justice field. This podcast won't just tell a story, it will explore the minds, motives and behaviors around crime and take a specific focus on the perpetrators. A forensic psychologist, like Catrin, will be expected to reflect with perpetrators of crime and learn to understand their perception of events to determine the steps that led to the final offence. Why did they do it? What led them to that point? What did it do for them?

By using scientifically grounded explanations of real cases and patterns of offending, Catrin (and colleagues/guests) will delve into the mind of the perpetrator and instead of answering WHAT happened, will answer WHY it happened. 

Episodes explore topics such as offender typologies, stalking and obsession, moral disengagement, trauma, memory, the psychology of deception and so much more related to crime. The main aim of the episodes is to give the listener insight into what it's like to be a forensic psychologist every day, with care, curiosity and a human-centered lens. 

Behind every crime is a human mind, and understanding this takes us beyond the headlines. 

]]> Fri, 17 Jul 2026 12:16:00 +0100 https://podbean.com/?v=5.5 en Copyright 2025 All rights reserved. True Crime 1440 episodic drcatrinwilliams drcatrinwilliams No true https://pbcdn1.podbean.com/imglogo/image-logo/21801613/brain_diagram_square_2048.jpg Indictable https://www.indictablepodcast.com 144 144 Incel Communities & Violence Incel Communities & Violence https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/incel-communities-violence/ https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/incel-communities-violence/#comments Fri, 17 Jul 2026 12:16:00 +0100 drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/77ab5799-a70c-35b0-bce6-bfcd9b6ab0ac Episode Summary

 

Incel Communities & when this becomes violent

 

Who was talking?

 

Dr Catrin Williams (Forensic Psychologist)

 

Show notes

 

In this episode of The Indictable Podcast, forensic psychologist Dr Catrin Williams examines the psychology of the incel movement—not simply to condemn or ridicule its members, but to understand how loneliness, rejection, identity and online communities can combine to create a deeply harmful ideology. The episode traces the term’s origins in an inclusive support community before exploring the modern incel worldview, including appearance-based hierarchies, “Chads” and “Stacys,” sexual entitlement, misogyny, the red pill and the fatalistic black pill. Catrin considers the roles of dating-app experiences, rejection sensitivity, poor mental health, low self-esteem and profound social isolation, alongside the sense of belonging that incel forums can provide. She also examines echo chambers, the mythologising of violent attackers, sexual frustration theory and the psychological processes through which grievance may escalate into radicalisation or violence—while emphasising that identifying as an incel does not automatically make someone violent.

 

References and Reading

 

Andersen, J. C. (2024). To alleviate stigma: How incels negotiate masculinity online. Men and Masculinities, 27(5), 472–491. https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X241285447

Brooks, R. C., Russo-Batterham, D., & Blake, K. R. (2022). Incel activity on social media linked to local mating ecology. Psychological Science, 33(2), 249–258. https://doi.org/10.1177/09567976211036065

Dunn, M. J., & Hill, A. (2014). Manipulated luxury-apartment ownership enhances opposite-sex attraction in females but not males. Journal of Evolutionary Psychology, 12(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1556/JEP.12.2014.1.1

Hanson, R. K., & Morton-Bourgon, K. E. (2005). The characteristics of persistent sexual offenders: A meta-analysis of recidivism studies. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73(6), 1154–1163. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.73.6.1154

Lankford, A. (2021). A sexual frustration theory of aggression, violence, and crime. Journal of Criminal Justice, 77, Article 101865. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2021.101865

Lindsay, A. (2022). Swallowing the black pill: Involuntary celibates’ (incels) anti-feminism within digital society. International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy, 11(1), 210–224. https://doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.2138

Matter, D., Schirmer, M., Grinberg, N., & Pfeffer, J. (2024). Investigating the increase of violent speech in incel communities with human-guided GPT-4 prompt iteration. Frontiers in Social Psychology, 2, Article 1383152. https://doi.org/10.3389/frsps.2024.1383152

Moskalenko, S., Fernández-Garayzábal González, J., Kates, N., & Morton, J. (2022). Incel ideology, radicalization and mental health: A survey study. The Journal of Intelligence, Conflict, and Warfare, 4(3), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.21810/jicw.v4i3.3817

Rhodes, G. (2006). The evolutionary psychology of facial beauty. Annual Review of Psychology, 57, 199–226. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.57.102904.190208

Sparks, B., Zidenberg, A. M., & Olver, M. E. (2022). Involuntary celibacy: A review of incel ideology and experiences with dating, rejection, and associated mental health and emotional sequelae. Current Psychiatry Reports, 24(12), 731–740. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-022-01382-9

Sparks, B., Zidenberg, A. M., & Olver, M. E. (2024a). An exploratory study of incels’ dating app experiences, mental health, and relational well-being. The Journal of Sex Research, 61(7), 1001–1012. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2023.2249775

Sparks, B., Zidenberg, A. M., & Olver, M. E. (2024b). One is the loneliest number: Involuntary celibacy (incel), mental health, and loneliness. Current Psychology, 43(1), 392–406. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04275-z

Speckhard, A., Ellenberg, M., Morton, J., & Ash, A. (2021). Involuntary celibates’ experiences of and grievance over sexual exclusion and the potential threat of violence among those active in an online incel forum. Journal of Strategic Security, 14(2), 89–121. https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.14.2.1910

Wikipedia contributors. (n.d.). 2018 Toronto van attack. In Wikipedia. Retrieved July 16, 2026, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_Toronto_van_attack

 

Content warnings and Disclaimer

 

The views and opinions expressed in this podcast are those of the host and guests and do not represent the official positions of any organisation or professional body. This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be taken as psychological advice or a substitute for professional consultation. While efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of information shared, psychological concepts and case details are simplified for discussion. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or deceased, is purely coincidental unless explicitly stated.

The hosts and guests will never discuss any details of individual cases or locations that they have personally worked with or within. Vague personal and professional experiences may be shared as part of discussions, but considerable details will have been changed to ensure that there is no identifiable information to ensure anonymity and confidentiality. There will be no discussion on any current or ongoing cases in the United Kingdom, not any cases from the United Kingdom unless they are historical and fully resolved. All discussions adhere to HCPC and BPS ethical guidelines regarding confidentiality, professional boundaries and responsible communication of psychological information.

Listener discretion is advice, as some topics may contain descriptions of violence trauma and other sensitive content.

 

Get in touch at indictablepodcast@gmail.com

 

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

 

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

 

www.indictablepodcast.com

]]> Episode Summary

 

Incel Communities & when this becomes violent

 

Who was talking?

 

Dr Catrin Williams (Forensic Psychologist)

 

Show notes

 

In this episode of The Indictable Podcast, forensic psychologist Dr Catrin Williams examines the psychology of the incel movement—not simply to condemn or ridicule its members, but to understand how loneliness, rejection, identity and online communities can combine to create a deeply harmful ideology. The episode traces the term’s origins in an inclusive support community before exploring the modern incel worldview, including appearance-based hierarchies, “Chads” and “Stacys,” sexual entitlement, misogyny, the red pill and the fatalistic black pill. Catrin considers the roles of dating-app experiences, rejection sensitivity, poor mental health, low self-esteem and profound social isolation, alongside the sense of belonging that incel forums can provide. She also examines echo chambers, the mythologising of violent attackers, sexual frustration theory and the psychological processes through which grievance may escalate into radicalisation or violence—while emphasising that identifying as an incel does not automatically make someone violent.

 

References and Reading

 

Andersen, J. C. (2024). To alleviate stigma: How incels negotiate masculinity online. Men and Masculinities, 27(5), 472–491. https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X241285447

Brooks, R. C., Russo-Batterham, D., & Blake, K. R. (2022). Incel activity on social media linked to local mating ecology. Psychological Science, 33(2), 249–258. https://doi.org/10.1177/09567976211036065

Dunn, M. J., & Hill, A. (2014). Manipulated luxury-apartment ownership enhances opposite-sex attraction in females but not males. Journal of Evolutionary Psychology, 12(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1556/JEP.12.2014.1.1

Hanson, R. K., & Morton-Bourgon, K. E. (2005). The characteristics of persistent sexual offenders: A meta-analysis of recidivism studies. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73(6), 1154–1163. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.73.6.1154

Lankford, A. (2021). A sexual frustration theory of aggression, violence, and crime. Journal of Criminal Justice, 77, Article 101865. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2021.101865

Lindsay, A. (2022). Swallowing the black pill: Involuntary celibates’ (incels) anti-feminism within digital society. International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy, 11(1), 210–224. https://doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.2138

Matter, D., Schirmer, M., Grinberg, N., & Pfeffer, J. (2024). Investigating the increase of violent speech in incel communities with human-guided GPT-4 prompt iteration. Frontiers in Social Psychology, 2, Article 1383152. https://doi.org/10.3389/frsps.2024.1383152

Moskalenko, S., Fernández-Garayzábal González, J., Kates, N., & Morton, J. (2022). Incel ideology, radicalization and mental health: A survey study. The Journal of Intelligence, Conflict, and Warfare, 4(3), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.21810/jicw.v4i3.3817

Rhodes, G. (2006). The evolutionary psychology of facial beauty. Annual Review of Psychology, 57, 199–226. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.57.102904.190208

Sparks, B., Zidenberg, A. M., & Olver, M. E. (2022). Involuntary celibacy: A review of incel ideology and experiences with dating, rejection, and associated mental health and emotional sequelae. Current Psychiatry Reports, 24(12), 731–740. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-022-01382-9

Sparks, B., Zidenberg, A. M., & Olver, M. E. (2024a). An exploratory study of incels’ dating app experiences, mental health, and relational well-being. The Journal of Sex Research, 61(7), 1001–1012. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2023.2249775

Sparks, B., Zidenberg, A. M., & Olver, M. E. (2024b). One is the loneliest number: Involuntary celibacy (incel), mental health, and loneliness. Current Psychology, 43(1), 392–406. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04275-z

Speckhard, A., Ellenberg, M., Morton, J., & Ash, A. (2021). Involuntary celibates’ experiences of and grievance over sexual exclusion and the potential threat of violence among those active in an online incel forum. Journal of Strategic Security, 14(2), 89–121. https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.14.2.1910

Wikipedia contributors. (n.d.). 2018 Toronto van attack. In Wikipedia. Retrieved July 16, 2026, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_Toronto_van_attack

 

Content warnings and Disclaimer

 

The views and opinions expressed in this podcast are those of the host and guests and do not represent the official positions of any organisation or professional body. This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be taken as psychological advice or a substitute for professional consultation. While efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of information shared, psychological concepts and case details are simplified for discussion. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or deceased, is purely coincidental unless explicitly stated.

The hosts and guests will never discuss any details of individual cases or locations that they have personally worked with or within. Vague personal and professional experiences may be shared as part of discussions, but considerable details will have been changed to ensure that there is no identifiable information to ensure anonymity and confidentiality. There will be no discussion on any current or ongoing cases in the United Kingdom, not any cases from the United Kingdom unless they are historical and fully resolved. All discussions adhere to HCPC and BPS ethical guidelines regarding confidentiality, professional boundaries and responsible communication of psychological information.

Listener discretion is advice, as some topics may contain descriptions of violence trauma and other sensitive content.

 

Get in touch at indictablepodcast@gmail.com

 

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

 

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

 

www.indictablepodcast.com

]]> drcatrinwilliams true No 2152 12 full Cult leaders and Narcissism Cult leaders and Narcissism https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/cult-leaders-and-narcissism/ https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/cult-leaders-and-narcissism/#comments Fri, 03 Jul 2026 12:00:00 +0100 drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/3e4e2665-f651-384c-8231-eebf564dc704 In this episode of The Indictable Podcast, forensic psychologist Dr. Catrin Williams explores the rise and fall of Keith Raniere, founder of the self-development organisation NXIVM.

 

Once promoted as a pioneering personal growth programme attracting entrepreneurs, celebrities, and wealthy professionals, NXIVM was later exposed as an organisation built on manipulation, coercion, and abuse. In 2019, Raniere was convicted of racketeering offences including sex trafficking, forced labour conspiracy, and other crimes connected to his activities between 1998 and 2018.

 

Who was talking?

 

Dr Catrin Williams (Forensic Psychologist)

 

List of Topics Covered

 

  • Keith Raniere's background and early career
  • The creation and growth of NXIVM
  • The hierarchy, rituals, and culture within the organisation
  • DOS ("The Vow"), the secret society operating within NXIVM
  • The use of collateral, coercion, and psychological control
  • Branding, extreme dieting, and exploitation
  • The psychological characteristics commonly seen in cult leaders
  • Grandiosity and narcissistic traits

 

References and Reading

 

Gauglitz, I.K., Schyns, B., Fehn, T. et al. The Dark Side of Leader Narcissism: The Relationship Between Leaders’ Narcissistic Rivalry and Abusive Supervision. J Bus Ethics185, 169–184 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-022-05146-6

 

Rosenthal, S. A., & Pittinsky, T. L. (2006). Narcissistic leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(6), 617–633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2006.10.005

 

Content warnings and Disclaimer

 

This episode also explores the psychology of influence, power, and manipulation.

 

views and opinions expressed in this podcast are those of the host and guests and do not represent the official positions of any organisation or professional body. This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be taken as psychological advice or a substitute for professional consultation. While efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of information shared, psychological concepts and case details are simplified for discussion. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or deceased, is purely coincidental unless explicitly stated.

The hosts and guests will never discuss any details of individual cases or locations that they have personally worked with or within. Vague personal and professional experiences may be shared as part of discussions, but considerable details will have been changed to ensure that there is no identifiable information to ensure anonymity and confidentiality. There will be no discussion on any current or ongoing cases in the United Kingdom, not any cases from the United Kingdom unless they are historical and fully resolved. All discussions adhere to HCPC and BPS ethical guidelines regarding confidentiality, professional boundaries and responsible communication of psychological information.

Listener discretion is advice, as some topics may contain descriptions of violence trauma and other sensitive content.

 

Get in touch at indictablepodcast@gmail.com

 

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

 

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

 

www.indictablepodcast.com

 

]]> In this episode of The Indictable Podcast, forensic psychologist Dr. Catrin Williams explores the rise and fall of Keith Raniere, founder of the self-development organisation NXIVM.

 

Once promoted as a pioneering personal growth programme attracting entrepreneurs, celebrities, and wealthy professionals, NXIVM was later exposed as an organisation built on manipulation, coercion, and abuse. In 2019, Raniere was convicted of racketeering offences including sex trafficking, forced labour conspiracy, and other crimes connected to his activities between 1998 and 2018.

 

Who was talking?

 

Dr Catrin Williams (Forensic Psychologist)

 

List of Topics Covered

 

  • Keith Raniere's background and early career
  • The creation and growth of NXIVM
  • The hierarchy, rituals, and culture within the organisation
  • DOS ("The Vow"), the secret society operating within NXIVM
  • The use of collateral, coercion, and psychological control
  • Branding, extreme dieting, and exploitation
  • The psychological characteristics commonly seen in cult leaders
  • Grandiosity and narcissistic traits

 

References and Reading

 

Gauglitz, I.K., Schyns, B., Fehn, T. et al. The Dark Side of Leader Narcissism: The Relationship Between Leaders’ Narcissistic Rivalry and Abusive Supervision. J Bus Ethics185, 169–184 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-022-05146-6

 

Rosenthal, S. A., & Pittinsky, T. L. (2006). Narcissistic leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(6), 617–633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2006.10.005

 

Content warnings and Disclaimer

 

This episode also explores the psychology of influence, power, and manipulation.

 

views and opinions expressed in this podcast are those of the host and guests and do not represent the official positions of any organisation or professional body. This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be taken as psychological advice or a substitute for professional consultation. While efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of information shared, psychological concepts and case details are simplified for discussion. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or deceased, is purely coincidental unless explicitly stated.

The hosts and guests will never discuss any details of individual cases or locations that they have personally worked with or within. Vague personal and professional experiences may be shared as part of discussions, but considerable details will have been changed to ensure that there is no identifiable information to ensure anonymity and confidentiality. There will be no discussion on any current or ongoing cases in the United Kingdom, not any cases from the United Kingdom unless they are historical and fully resolved. All discussions adhere to HCPC and BPS ethical guidelines regarding confidentiality, professional boundaries and responsible communication of psychological information.

Listener discretion is advice, as some topics may contain descriptions of violence trauma and other sensitive content.

 

Get in touch at indictablepodcast@gmail.com

 

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

 

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

 

www.indictablepodcast.com

 

]]> drcatrinwilliams true No 2354 11 full 'I can fix him' - the Psychology behind attraction to Crime 'I can fix him' - the Psychology behind attraction to Crime https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/being-attracted-to-offenders-why/ https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/being-attracted-to-offenders-why/#comments Fri, 26 Jun 2026 12:00:00 +0100 drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/c847c4b7-0683-3bc0-a3bb-b7cc544434c4 Why do some people become romantically or sexually attracted to offenders?

In this episode of The Indictable Podcast, forensic psychologist Dr. Catrin Williams explores the psychology of hybristophilia—the attraction to individuals who have committed serious crimes.

Using notorious serial killer Ted Bundy and the social media phenomenon surrounding Cameron Herrin as case studies, Dr. Williams examines why some offenders receive fan mail, romantic proposals, online admiration, and devoted followings despite the harm they have caused.

Dr. Williams also discusses the ethical concerns surrounding offender fandoms, including the potential to minimise criminal behaviour, overlook victims, and inadvertently glamorise violence.

This episode contains discussion of serious violent offending and homicide.

 

References and further reading 

Pettigrew, M. (2019). Aggressive hybristophilia in men and the affect of a female serial killer. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 30(3), 419–428. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2019.1588911

Pasquarelli, D., & Mastronardi, V. M. (2021). Hybristophilia: "Cause mama I'm in love with a criminal". Rivista di Psicopatologia Forense, Medicina Legale, Criminologia, 26(1–3). https://doi.org/10.4081/psyco.2021.616

Williams, T. J. V., Slater, H., & Gomez, C. (2024). Unpacking the construction of online identities of hybristophilia communities on TikTok. Deviant Behavior. Advance online publication. indictablepodcast@gmail.com

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

www.indictablepodcast.com

]]> Why do some people become romantically or sexually attracted to offenders?

In this episode of The Indictable Podcast, forensic psychologist Dr. Catrin Williams explores the psychology of hybristophilia—the attraction to individuals who have committed serious crimes.

Using notorious serial killer Ted Bundy and the social media phenomenon surrounding Cameron Herrin as case studies, Dr. Williams examines why some offenders receive fan mail, romantic proposals, online admiration, and devoted followings despite the harm they have caused.

Dr. Williams also discusses the ethical concerns surrounding offender fandoms, including the potential to minimise criminal behaviour, overlook victims, and inadvertently glamorise violence.

This episode contains discussion of serious violent offending and homicide.

 

References and further reading 

Pettigrew, M. (2019). Aggressive hybristophilia in men and the affect of a female serial killer. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 30(3), 419–428. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2019.1588911

Pasquarelli, D., & Mastronardi, V. M. (2021). Hybristophilia: "Cause mama I'm in love with a criminal". Rivista di Psicopatologia Forense, Medicina Legale, Criminologia, 26(1–3). https://doi.org/10.4081/psyco.2021.616

Williams, T. J. V., Slater, H., & Gomez, C. (2024). Unpacking the construction of online identities of hybristophilia communities on TikTok. Deviant Behavior. Advance online publication. indictablepodcast@gmail.com

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

www.indictablepodcast.com

]]> drcatrinwilliams true No 1446 10 full Crime and remorse: TJ Lane Crime and remorse: TJ Lane https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/crime-and-remorse-tj-lane/ https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/crime-and-remorse-tj-lane/#comments Fri, 19 Jun 2026 11:31:00 +0100 drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/b701db8b-31eb-3acf-8672-a5ad6cc6a1cc Episode Summary

 

The Psychology of REMORSE – case study of T.J Lane

 

Who was talking?

 

Dr Catrin Williams (Forensic Psychologist)

 

List of Topics Covered

 

  • Topics discussed in this episode:
  • What moral disengagement is and why it matters in understanding offending
  • How individuals separate their morals from their behaviour
  • The 2012 Chardon High School shooting as a case study
  • Courtroom behaviour and perceived lack of remorse (TJ Lane)
  • What remorse actually means psychologically
  • Why remorse is important in sentencing and parole decisions
  • The difficulty of accurately measuring remorse
  • Factors that can affect how remorse is expressed (e.g. learning disabilities, psychosis, brain injury)
  • The difference between feeling remorse vs showing it
  • Key distinctions between:
    • Remorse
    • Guilt
    • Shame
    • Regret
    • Victim empathy
  • Core mechanisms of moral disengagement:
    • Moral justification
    • Euphemistic language
    • Advantageous comparison
    • Displacement of responsibility
    • Diffusion of responsibility
    • Minimising consequences
    • Dehumanisation

 

References and Reading

 

  • Spice, A., Viljoen, J. L., Douglas, K. S., & Hart, S. D. (2015). Remorse, psychopathology, and psychopathy. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology. https://summit.sfu.ca/_flysystem/fedora/sfu_migrate/16977/OA%20SUMMIT%20Spice%20et%20al%202015,%20Remorse,%20Psychopathology%20and%20Psychopathy.pdf

 

  • Bandura, A. (2016). Moral disengagement: How people do harm and live with themselves. Current Opinion in Psychology, 6, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.03.011

 

 

  • Proeve M. (2023). Addressing the challenges of remorse in the criminal justice system. Psychiatry, psychology, and law : an interdisciplinary journal of the Australian and New Zealand Association of Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 30(1), 68–82. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2022.2112101

 

  • Wright, K., & Gudjonsson, G. H. (2007). The development of a scale for measuring offence-related feelings of shame and guilt. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology , 18(3), 307 - 316.

 

  • Tangney, J. P., Stuewig, J., & Hafez, L. (2011). Shame, Guilt and Remorse: Implications for Offender Populations. The journal of forensic psychiatry & psychology, 22(5), 706–723. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2011.617541

 

 

 

Content warnings and Disclaimer

 

The views and opinions expressed in this podcast are those of the host and guests and do not represent the official positions of any organisation or professional body. This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be taken as psychological advice or a substitute for professional consultation. While efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of information shared, psychological concepts and case details are simplified for discussion. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or deceased, is purely coincidental unless explicitly stated.

The hosts and guests will never discuss any details of individual cases or locations that they have personally worked with or within. Vague personal and professional experiences may be shared as part of discussions, but considerable details will have been changed to ensure that there is no identifiable information to ensure anonymity and confidentiality. There will be no discussion on any current or ongoing cases in the United Kingdom, not any cases from the United Kingdom unless they are historical and fully resolved. All discussions adhere to HCPC and BPS ethical guidelines regarding confidentiality, professional boundaries and responsible communication of psychological information.

Listener discretion is advice, as some topics may contain descriptions of violence trauma and other sensitive content.

 

Get in touch at indictablepodcast@gmail.com

 

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

 

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

 

www.indictablepodcast.com

 

 

]]> Episode Summary

 

The Psychology of REMORSE – case study of T.J Lane

 

Who was talking?

 

Dr Catrin Williams (Forensic Psychologist)

 

List of Topics Covered

 

  • Topics discussed in this episode:
  • What moral disengagement is and why it matters in understanding offending
  • How individuals separate their morals from their behaviour
  • The 2012 Chardon High School shooting as a case study
  • Courtroom behaviour and perceived lack of remorse (TJ Lane)
  • What remorse actually means psychologically
  • Why remorse is important in sentencing and parole decisions
  • The difficulty of accurately measuring remorse
  • Factors that can affect how remorse is expressed (e.g. learning disabilities, psychosis, brain injury)
  • The difference between feeling remorse vs showing it
  • Key distinctions between:
    • Remorse
    • Guilt
    • Shame
    • Regret
    • Victim empathy
  • Core mechanisms of moral disengagement:
    • Moral justification
    • Euphemistic language
    • Advantageous comparison
    • Displacement of responsibility
    • Diffusion of responsibility
    • Minimising consequences
    • Dehumanisation

 

References and Reading

 

  • Spice, A., Viljoen, J. L., Douglas, K. S., & Hart, S. D. (2015). Remorse, psychopathology, and psychopathy. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology. https://summit.sfu.ca/_flysystem/fedora/sfu_migrate/16977/OA%20SUMMIT%20Spice%20et%20al%202015,%20Remorse,%20Psychopathology%20and%20Psychopathy.pdf

 

  • Bandura, A. (2016). Moral disengagement: How people do harm and live with themselves. Current Opinion in Psychology, 6, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.03.011

 

 

  • Proeve M. (2023). Addressing the challenges of remorse in the criminal justice system. Psychiatry, psychology, and law : an interdisciplinary journal of the Australian and New Zealand Association of Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 30(1), 68–82. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2022.2112101

 

  • Wright, K., & Gudjonsson, G. H. (2007). The development of a scale for measuring offence-related feelings of shame and guilt. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology , 18(3), 307 - 316.

 

  • Tangney, J. P., Stuewig, J., & Hafez, L. (2011). Shame, Guilt and Remorse: Implications for Offender Populations. The journal of forensic psychiatry & psychology, 22(5), 706–723. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2011.617541

 

 

 

Content warnings and Disclaimer

 

The views and opinions expressed in this podcast are those of the host and guests and do not represent the official positions of any organisation or professional body. This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be taken as psychological advice or a substitute for professional consultation. While efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of information shared, psychological concepts and case details are simplified for discussion. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or deceased, is purely coincidental unless explicitly stated.

The hosts and guests will never discuss any details of individual cases or locations that they have personally worked with or within. Vague personal and professional experiences may be shared as part of discussions, but considerable details will have been changed to ensure that there is no identifiable information to ensure anonymity and confidentiality. There will be no discussion on any current or ongoing cases in the United Kingdom, not any cases from the United Kingdom unless they are historical and fully resolved. All discussions adhere to HCPC and BPS ethical guidelines regarding confidentiality, professional boundaries and responsible communication of psychological information.

Listener discretion is advice, as some topics may contain descriptions of violence trauma and other sensitive content.

 

Get in touch at indictablepodcast@gmail.com

 

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

 

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

 

www.indictablepodcast.com

 

 

]]> drcatrinwilliams true No 2216 9 full Stalking Series: Ep6 - Cyberstalking Stalking Series: Ep6 - Cyberstalking https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/stalking-series-ep6-cyberstalking/ https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/stalking-series-ep6-cyberstalking/#comments Sat, 13 Jun 2026 12:00:00 +0100 drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/f591f4b8-4b1e-3da5-a2c6-27452f10016a In the final episode of this stalking miniseries, forensic psychologist Dr. Catrin Williams explores cyberstalking and the ways digital technologies can be used to harass, monitor, intimidate, and psychologically destabilise victims. The episode discusses why cyberstalking is often far more invasive and persistent than people assume, and why solutions such as blocking accounts or deleting social media are rarely enough to stop determined offenders.

The episode focuses on the case of James Florence, who carried out prolonged and escalating campaigns against multiple victims over several years. Using IT expertise, encrypted services, VPNs, hacked accounts, impersonation, and automated monitoring tools, Florence targeted at least seven victims — including minors — through online harassment, image manipulation, doxxing, humiliation campaigns, and sexualised abuse.

Dr. Williams discusses the psychological impact of cyberstalking, including the loss of safety, hypervigilance, fear, and the feeling that there is no clear escape when the abuse follows victims across platforms and into everyday life. The episode also explores how anonymity, moral disengagement, and blurred boundaries online can contribute to offending behaviour, particularly among younger perpetrators who may not fully grasp the seriousness or long-term consequences of their actions.

The discussion examines the overlap between online and offline stalking, the challenges law enforcement face in investigating technologically sophisticated offenders, and the broader question of how digital spaces can amplify coercive and obsessive behaviour.

 

 

Who was talking?

 

Dr Catrin Williams (Forensic Psychologist)

 

List of Topics Covered

 

  • What cyberstalking is and how it differs from offline stalking
  • The James Florence case and technology-facilitated abuse
  • Psychological impacts of cyberstalking on victims
  • Online anonymity, escalation, and challenges for law enforcement

 

References and Reading

 

Please see all references on episode 0 of this miniseries

 

 

Ayerza, J. M., Lee, J. R., & Holt, T. J. (2026). Cyberstalking and online dating: Examining cyberstalking victimization among dating app users. Asian Journal of Criminology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11417-025-09480-2

Bussu, A., Pulina, M., Ashton, S.-A., Mangiarulo, M., & Molloy, E. (2025). Cyberbullying and cyberstalking victimisation among university students: A narrative systematic review. International Review of Victimology. https://doi.org/10.1177/02697580241257217

Dreßing, H., Bailer, J., Anders, A., Wagner, H., & Gallas, C. (2014). Cyberstalking in a large sample of social network users: Prevalence, characteristics, and impact upon victims. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 17(2), 61–67. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2012.0231

 

Kim, B., Lee, J. R., & Reyns, B. W. (2023). A multilevel meta-analysis of cyberstalking: Domains and subdomains of contributing factors. Journal of Criminal Justice. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2023.102127

Lee, S. S., Park, J., & Lee, J. (2025). Gender differences in cyberstalking: The roles of risk, control, and opportunity factors in social media. Behavioral Sciences, 15(5), Article 566. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15050566

Maran, D. A., & Begotti, T. (2019). Prevalence of cyberstalking and previous offline victimization in a sample of Italian university students. Social Sciences, 8(1), Article 30. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci8010030

Weekes, C. J., Worsley, J. D., Wheatcroft, J. M., & Short, E. (2025). Cyberstalking perpetrators and their methods: A systematic literature review. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse. https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380251333411

 

Content warnings and Disclaimer

 

This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only. This episode contains discussions of stalking, harassment, sexual abuse material, coercive behaviour, and online exploitation that some listeners may find distressing. Listener discretion is advised.

 

The views and opinions expressed in this podcast are those of the host and guests and do not represent the official positions of any organisation or professional body. This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be taken as psychological advice or a substitute for professional consultation. While efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of information shared, psychological concepts and case details are simplified for discussion. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or deceased, is purely coincidental unless explicitly stated.

The hosts and guests will never discuss any details of individual cases or locations that they have personally worked with or within. Vague personal and professional experiences may be shared as part of discussions, but considerable details will have been changed to ensure that there is no identifiable information to ensure anonymity and confidentiality. There will be no discussion on any current or ongoing cases in the United Kingdom, not any cases from the United Kingdom unless they are historical and fully resolved. All discussions adhere to HCPC and BPS ethical guidelines regarding confidentiality, professional boundaries and responsible communication of psychological information.

Listener discretion is advice, as some topics may contain descriptions of violence trauma and other sensitive content.

 

Get in touch at indictablepodcast@gmail.com

 

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

 

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

 

www.indictablepodcast.com

 

 

 

]]> In the final episode of this stalking miniseries, forensic psychologist Dr. Catrin Williams explores cyberstalking and the ways digital technologies can be used to harass, monitor, intimidate, and psychologically destabilise victims. The episode discusses why cyberstalking is often far more invasive and persistent than people assume, and why solutions such as blocking accounts or deleting social media are rarely enough to stop determined offenders.

The episode focuses on the case of James Florence, who carried out prolonged and escalating campaigns against multiple victims over several years. Using IT expertise, encrypted services, VPNs, hacked accounts, impersonation, and automated monitoring tools, Florence targeted at least seven victims — including minors — through online harassment, image manipulation, doxxing, humiliation campaigns, and sexualised abuse.

Dr. Williams discusses the psychological impact of cyberstalking, including the loss of safety, hypervigilance, fear, and the feeling that there is no clear escape when the abuse follows victims across platforms and into everyday life. The episode also explores how anonymity, moral disengagement, and blurred boundaries online can contribute to offending behaviour, particularly among younger perpetrators who may not fully grasp the seriousness or long-term consequences of their actions.

The discussion examines the overlap between online and offline stalking, the challenges law enforcement face in investigating technologically sophisticated offenders, and the broader question of how digital spaces can amplify coercive and obsessive behaviour.

 

 

Who was talking?

 

Dr Catrin Williams (Forensic Psychologist)

 

List of Topics Covered

 

  • What cyberstalking is and how it differs from offline stalking
  • The James Florence case and technology-facilitated abuse
  • Psychological impacts of cyberstalking on victims
  • Online anonymity, escalation, and challenges for law enforcement

 

References and Reading

 

Please see all references on episode 0 of this miniseries

 

 

Ayerza, J. M., Lee, J. R., & Holt, T. J. (2026). Cyberstalking and online dating: Examining cyberstalking victimization among dating app users. Asian Journal of Criminology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11417-025-09480-2

Bussu, A., Pulina, M., Ashton, S.-A., Mangiarulo, M., & Molloy, E. (2025). Cyberbullying and cyberstalking victimisation among university students: A narrative systematic review. International Review of Victimology. https://doi.org/10.1177/02697580241257217

Dreßing, H., Bailer, J., Anders, A., Wagner, H., & Gallas, C. (2014). Cyberstalking in a large sample of social network users: Prevalence, characteristics, and impact upon victims. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 17(2), 61–67. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2012.0231

 

Kim, B., Lee, J. R., & Reyns, B. W. (2023). A multilevel meta-analysis of cyberstalking: Domains and subdomains of contributing factors. Journal of Criminal Justice. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2023.102127

Lee, S. S., Park, J., & Lee, J. (2025). Gender differences in cyberstalking: The roles of risk, control, and opportunity factors in social media. Behavioral Sciences, 15(5), Article 566. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15050566

Maran, D. A., & Begotti, T. (2019). Prevalence of cyberstalking and previous offline victimization in a sample of Italian university students. Social Sciences, 8(1), Article 30. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci8010030

Weekes, C. J., Worsley, J. D., Wheatcroft, J. M., & Short, E. (2025). Cyberstalking perpetrators and their methods: A systematic literature review. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse. https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380251333411

 

Content warnings and Disclaimer

 

This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only. This episode contains discussions of stalking, harassment, sexual abuse material, coercive behaviour, and online exploitation that some listeners may find distressing. Listener discretion is advised.

 

The views and opinions expressed in this podcast are those of the host and guests and do not represent the official positions of any organisation or professional body. This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be taken as psychological advice or a substitute for professional consultation. While efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of information shared, psychological concepts and case details are simplified for discussion. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or deceased, is purely coincidental unless explicitly stated.

The hosts and guests will never discuss any details of individual cases or locations that they have personally worked with or within. Vague personal and professional experiences may be shared as part of discussions, but considerable details will have been changed to ensure that there is no identifiable information to ensure anonymity and confidentiality. There will be no discussion on any current or ongoing cases in the United Kingdom, not any cases from the United Kingdom unless they are historical and fully resolved. All discussions adhere to HCPC and BPS ethical guidelines regarding confidentiality, professional boundaries and responsible communication of psychological information.

Listener discretion is advice, as some topics may contain descriptions of violence trauma and other sensitive content.

 

Get in touch at indictablepodcast@gmail.com

 

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

 

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

 

www.indictablepodcast.com

 

 

 

]]> drcatrinwilliams true No 1197 8 full Stalking Series: Ep5 - The Predatory Stalker Stalking Series: Ep5 - The Predatory Stalker https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/stalking-series-ep5-the-predatory-stalker/ https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/stalking-series-ep5-the-predatory-stalker/#comments Fri, 12 Jun 2026 12:00:00 +0100 drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/92338607-128f-3c37-91e7-b05cfc9d6460 In this episode, Dr. Catrin Williams looks at predatory stalking — a form of stalking that is often less about emotional attachment and more about control, planning, and access to a victim. Unlike other stalking typologies, predatory stalking can involve surveillance, rehearsing behaviours, gathering information about routines, and carefully creating opportunities to offend.

Catrin discusses the case of Mark Twitchell, the filmmaker convicted in 2011 of murdering John Altinger after luring him to a rented garage using a fake Plenty of Fish profile. The episode explores the level of planning involved in the offence, the attempts to conceal the crime afterwards, and the discovery of the document “SK Confessions,” which outlined fantasies and attempts to lure victims.

The episode also explores a British Psychological Society vignette involving “Lucas,” whose behaviour escalated from collecting details about victims’ routines and movements into sexual assaults, highlighting how stalking behaviours can gradually develop into more serious offending.

Throughout the episode, Catrin discusses how predatory stalking differs from other forms of stalking, warning signs professionals may look for, and the psychological processes that can sit behind this type of behaviour.

 

Who was talking?

 

Dr Catrin Williams (Forensic Psychologist)

 

List of Topics Covered

 

  • What predatory stalking is and how it differs from other stalking typologies
  • Surveillance, planning, and escalation in stalking behaviour
  • The Mark Twitchell case
  • When stalking behaviour progresses into violent or sexual offending

 

References and Reading

 

Please see all references on episode 0 of this miniseries

 

Parkhill, A. J., Nixon, M., & McEwan, T. E. (2022). A critical analysis of stalking theory and implications for research and practice. Behavioral sciences & the law, 40(5), 562–583. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2598

 

https://www.cbsnews.com/news/mark-twitchell-the-dexter-killer-letters-48-hours/

 

Turner, Z. (2020). Stalking and attachment theory: Causes and management (Master’s thesis, City University of New York Graduate Center). CUNY Academic Works. https://academicworks.cuny.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=5118&context=gc_etds&utm_

 

Content warnings and Disclaimer

 

This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only. The episode includes discussions of stalking, violence, sexual offending, and homicide, which some listeners may find upsetting. Listener discretion is advised.

 

The views and opinions expressed in this podcast are those of the host and guests and do not represent the official positions of any organisation or professional body. This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be taken as psychological advice or a substitute for professional consultation. While efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of information shared, psychological concepts and case details are simplified for discussion. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or deceased, is purely coincidental unless explicitly stated.

The hosts and guests will never discuss any details of individual cases or locations that they have personally worked with or within. Vague personal and professional experiences may be shared as part of discussions, but considerable details will have been changed to ensure that there is no identifiable information to ensure anonymity and confidentiality. There will be no discussion on any current or ongoing cases in the United Kingdom, not any cases from the United Kingdom unless they are historical and fully resolved. All discussions adhere to HCPC and BPS ethical guidelines regarding confidentiality, professional boundaries and responsible communication of psychological information.

Listener discretion is advice, as some topics may contain descriptions of violence trauma and other sensitive content.

 

Get in touch at indictablepodcast@gmail.com

 

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

 

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

 

www.indictablepodcast.com

 

]]> In this episode, Dr. Catrin Williams looks at predatory stalking — a form of stalking that is often less about emotional attachment and more about control, planning, and access to a victim. Unlike other stalking typologies, predatory stalking can involve surveillance, rehearsing behaviours, gathering information about routines, and carefully creating opportunities to offend.

Catrin discusses the case of Mark Twitchell, the filmmaker convicted in 2011 of murdering John Altinger after luring him to a rented garage using a fake Plenty of Fish profile. The episode explores the level of planning involved in the offence, the attempts to conceal the crime afterwards, and the discovery of the document “SK Confessions,” which outlined fantasies and attempts to lure victims.

The episode also explores a British Psychological Society vignette involving “Lucas,” whose behaviour escalated from collecting details about victims’ routines and movements into sexual assaults, highlighting how stalking behaviours can gradually develop into more serious offending.

Throughout the episode, Catrin discusses how predatory stalking differs from other forms of stalking, warning signs professionals may look for, and the psychological processes that can sit behind this type of behaviour.

 

Who was talking?

 

Dr Catrin Williams (Forensic Psychologist)

 

List of Topics Covered

 

  • What predatory stalking is and how it differs from other stalking typologies
  • Surveillance, planning, and escalation in stalking behaviour
  • The Mark Twitchell case
  • When stalking behaviour progresses into violent or sexual offending

 

References and Reading

 

Please see all references on episode 0 of this miniseries

 

Parkhill, A. J., Nixon, M., & McEwan, T. E. (2022). A critical analysis of stalking theory and implications for research and practice. Behavioral sciences & the law, 40(5), 562–583. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2598

 

https://www.cbsnews.com/news/mark-twitchell-the-dexter-killer-letters-48-hours/

 

Turner, Z. (2020). Stalking and attachment theory: Causes and management (Master’s thesis, City University of New York Graduate Center). CUNY Academic Works. https://academicworks.cuny.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=5118&context=gc_etds&utm_

 

Content warnings and Disclaimer

 

This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only. The episode includes discussions of stalking, violence, sexual offending, and homicide, which some listeners may find upsetting. Listener discretion is advised.

 

The views and opinions expressed in this podcast are those of the host and guests and do not represent the official positions of any organisation or professional body. This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be taken as psychological advice or a substitute for professional consultation. While efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of information shared, psychological concepts and case details are simplified for discussion. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or deceased, is purely coincidental unless explicitly stated.

The hosts and guests will never discuss any details of individual cases or locations that they have personally worked with or within. Vague personal and professional experiences may be shared as part of discussions, but considerable details will have been changed to ensure that there is no identifiable information to ensure anonymity and confidentiality. There will be no discussion on any current or ongoing cases in the United Kingdom, not any cases from the United Kingdom unless they are historical and fully resolved. All discussions adhere to HCPC and BPS ethical guidelines regarding confidentiality, professional boundaries and responsible communication of psychological information.

Listener discretion is advice, as some topics may contain descriptions of violence trauma and other sensitive content.

 

Get in touch at indictablepodcast@gmail.com

 

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

 

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

 

www.indictablepodcast.com

 

]]> drcatrinwilliams true No 1514 7 full Stalking Series: Ep4 - The Resentful Stalker Stalking Series: Ep4 - The Resentful Stalker https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/stalking-series-ep4-the-resentful-stalker/ https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/stalking-series-ep4-the-resentful-stalker/#comments Thu, 11 Jun 2026 14:13:00 +0100 drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/1de5fd69-50d0-3043-8a86-06e7897ad5fd Episode Summary

 

Stalking Miniseries – Episode 4 – The Resentful Stalker

 

Who was talking?

 

Dr Catrin Williams (Forensic Psychologist)

 

List of Topics Covered

 

  • What defines the resentful stalking typology
  • The role of grievance, perceived injustice, and punishment
  • How resentful stalking differs from other stalking types
  • Escalation patterns: from fixation to intimidation and threat
  • Risk factors and background vulnerabilities
  • Overlap with other stalking typologies
  • The progression from thoughts to action
  • The case of Robert John Bardo as an illustrative example
  • Missed opportunities for intervention
  • Legal implications and changes linked to stalking cases
  • Challenges in risk assessment
  • Implications for therapeutic work and management strategies

 

References and Reading

 

 

Content warnings and Disclaimer

 

The views and opinions expressed in this podcast are those of the host and guests and do not represent the official positions of any organisation or professional body. This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be taken as psychological advice or a substitute for professional consultation. While efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of information shared, psychological concepts and case details are simplified for discussion. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or deceased, is purely coincidental unless explicitly stated.

The hosts and guests will never discuss any details of individual cases or locations that they have personally worked with or within. Vague personal and professional experiences may be shared as part of discussions, but considerable details will have been changed to ensure that there is no identifiable information to ensure anonymity and confidentiality. There will be no discussion on any current or ongoing cases in the United Kingdom, not any cases from the United Kingdom unless they are historical and fully resolved. All discussions adhere to HCPC and BPS ethical guidelines regarding confidentiality, professional boundaries and responsible communication of psychological information.

Listener discretion is advice, as some topics may contain descriptions of violence trauma and other sensitive content.

 

Get in touch at indictablepodcast@gmail.com

 

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

 

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

 

www.indictablepodcast.com

 

]]> Episode Summary

 

Stalking Miniseries – Episode 4 – The Resentful Stalker

 

Who was talking?

 

Dr Catrin Williams (Forensic Psychologist)

 

List of Topics Covered

 

  • What defines the resentful stalking typology
  • The role of grievance, perceived injustice, and punishment
  • How resentful stalking differs from other stalking types
  • Escalation patterns: from fixation to intimidation and threat
  • Risk factors and background vulnerabilities
  • Overlap with other stalking typologies
  • The progression from thoughts to action
  • The case of Robert John Bardo as an illustrative example
  • Missed opportunities for intervention
  • Legal implications and changes linked to stalking cases
  • Challenges in risk assessment
  • Implications for therapeutic work and management strategies

 

References and Reading

 

 

Content warnings and Disclaimer

 

The views and opinions expressed in this podcast are those of the host and guests and do not represent the official positions of any organisation or professional body. This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be taken as psychological advice or a substitute for professional consultation. While efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of information shared, psychological concepts and case details are simplified for discussion. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or deceased, is purely coincidental unless explicitly stated.

The hosts and guests will never discuss any details of individual cases or locations that they have personally worked with or within. Vague personal and professional experiences may be shared as part of discussions, but considerable details will have been changed to ensure that there is no identifiable information to ensure anonymity and confidentiality. There will be no discussion on any current or ongoing cases in the United Kingdom, not any cases from the United Kingdom unless they are historical and fully resolved. All discussions adhere to HCPC and BPS ethical guidelines regarding confidentiality, professional boundaries and responsible communication of psychological information.

Listener discretion is advice, as some topics may contain descriptions of violence trauma and other sensitive content.

 

Get in touch at indictablepodcast@gmail.com

 

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

 

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

 

www.indictablepodcast.com

 

]]> drcatrinwilliams true No 1724 6 full Stalking Series: Ep3 - The Incompetent Suitor Stalking Series: Ep3 - The Incompetent Suitor https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/stalking-series-ep3-the-incompetent-suitor/ https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/stalking-series-ep3-the-incompetent-suitor/#comments Wed, 10 Jun 2026 14:04:00 +0100 drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/6a82332d-fba2-3171-aecf-8c2c302edad5 In episode three of The Indictable Podcast stalking miniseries, Dr Catrin Williams explores the incompetent suitor stalking typology.

The episode centres on the case of Mr Keel, who was convicted of stalking a woman over a two-year period (2016–2018). Despite repeated requests to stop and police involvement, his behaviour escalated across multiple channels, including calls, texts, emails, and social media contact. He also monitored the victim in person near her home and workplace and sent images taken close to her residence, as well as disturbing material.

After the victim changed her contact details, Mr Keel continued to appear near her home and workplace, leading to a restraining order. He later breached this order, was arrested, and admitted to sending abusive and threatening messages, acknowledging the fear caused.

The episode explains how incompetent suitor stalking is typically driven by a desire for connection, often directed at strangers or acquaintances. It is associated with loneliness, poor social skills, and difficulty interpreting social cues, and may in some cases be linked to neurodiversity.

While the risk of serious violence is generally lower than in other stalking typologies, the persistence and escalation of behaviour can have a significant psychological impact on victims.

 

Who was talking?

 

Dr Catrin Williams (Forensic Psychologist)

 

List of Topics Covered

 

  • ·Incompetent suitor stalking: definition and characteristics
  • Case study: escalation of persistent and multi-channel contact
  • Boundary violations and breaches of legal orders
  • Psychological drivers (loneliness, social skill deficits, misreading cues)
  • Risk and impact on victims

 

References and Reading

For a full list of all references used – please see show notes of ‘Episode 0’ of this miniseries.

The Examiner. (2021). George Town stalker handed suspended jail term. https://www.examiner.com.au/story/7144966/george-town-stalker-handed-suspended-jail-term/

Mullen, P.E., Pathé, M., Purcell, R. & Stuart, G.W. (1999). Study of stalkers. American Journal of Psychiatry, 156(8), 1244–1249. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.8.1244

 

Content warnings and Disclaimer

This episode discusses stalking, including persistent unwanted contact, harassment, and monitoring behaviours. It also references threatening communication and breaches of legal orders.Some listeners may find this content distressing. Please listen with care.

The views and opinions expressed in this podcast are those of the host and guests and do not represent the official positions of any organisation or professional body. This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be taken as psychological advice or a substitute for professional consultation. While efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of information shared, psychological concepts and case details are simplified for discussion. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or deceased, is purely coincidental unless explicitly stated.

The hosts and guests will never discuss any details of individual cases or locations that they have personally worked with or within. Vague personal and professional experiences may be shared as part of discussions, but considerable details will have been changed to ensure that there is no identifiable information to ensure anonymity and confidentiality. There will be no discussion on any current or ongoing cases in the United Kingdom, not any cases from the United Kingdom unless they are historical and fully resolved. All discussions adhere to HCPC and BPS ethical guidelines regarding confidentiality, professional boundaries and responsible communication of psychological information.

Listener discretion is advice, as some topics may contain descriptions of violence trauma and other sensitive content.

 

Get in touch at indictablepodcast@gmail.com

 

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

 

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

 

www.indictablepodcast.com

]]> In episode three of The Indictable Podcast stalking miniseries, Dr Catrin Williams explores the incompetent suitor stalking typology.

The episode centres on the case of Mr Keel, who was convicted of stalking a woman over a two-year period (2016–2018). Despite repeated requests to stop and police involvement, his behaviour escalated across multiple channels, including calls, texts, emails, and social media contact. He also monitored the victim in person near her home and workplace and sent images taken close to her residence, as well as disturbing material.

After the victim changed her contact details, Mr Keel continued to appear near her home and workplace, leading to a restraining order. He later breached this order, was arrested, and admitted to sending abusive and threatening messages, acknowledging the fear caused.

The episode explains how incompetent suitor stalking is typically driven by a desire for connection, often directed at strangers or acquaintances. It is associated with loneliness, poor social skills, and difficulty interpreting social cues, and may in some cases be linked to neurodiversity.

While the risk of serious violence is generally lower than in other stalking typologies, the persistence and escalation of behaviour can have a significant psychological impact on victims.

 

Who was talking?

 

Dr Catrin Williams (Forensic Psychologist)

 

List of Topics Covered

 

  • ·Incompetent suitor stalking: definition and characteristics
  • Case study: escalation of persistent and multi-channel contact
  • Boundary violations and breaches of legal orders
  • Psychological drivers (loneliness, social skill deficits, misreading cues)
  • Risk and impact on victims

 

References and Reading

For a full list of all references used – please see show notes of ‘Episode 0’ of this miniseries.

The Examiner. (2021). George Town stalker handed suspended jail term. https://www.examiner.com.au/story/7144966/george-town-stalker-handed-suspended-jail-term/

Mullen, P.E., Pathé, M., Purcell, R. & Stuart, G.W. (1999). Study of stalkers. American Journal of Psychiatry, 156(8), 1244–1249. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.8.1244

 

Content warnings and Disclaimer

This episode discusses stalking, including persistent unwanted contact, harassment, and monitoring behaviours. It also references threatening communication and breaches of legal orders.Some listeners may find this content distressing. Please listen with care.

The views and opinions expressed in this podcast are those of the host and guests and do not represent the official positions of any organisation or professional body. This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be taken as psychological advice or a substitute for professional consultation. While efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of information shared, psychological concepts and case details are simplified for discussion. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or deceased, is purely coincidental unless explicitly stated.

The hosts and guests will never discuss any details of individual cases or locations that they have personally worked with or within. Vague personal and professional experiences may be shared as part of discussions, but considerable details will have been changed to ensure that there is no identifiable information to ensure anonymity and confidentiality. There will be no discussion on any current or ongoing cases in the United Kingdom, not any cases from the United Kingdom unless they are historical and fully resolved. All discussions adhere to HCPC and BPS ethical guidelines regarding confidentiality, professional boundaries and responsible communication of psychological information.

Listener discretion is advice, as some topics may contain descriptions of violence trauma and other sensitive content.

 

Get in touch at indictablepodcast@gmail.com

 

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

 

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

 

www.indictablepodcast.com

]]> drcatrinwilliams true No 1273 5 full Stalking Series: Ep2 - The intimacy seeker Stalking Series: Ep2 - The intimacy seeker https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/stalking-series-ep2-the-intimacy-seeker/ https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/stalking-series-ep2-the-intimacy-seeker/#comments Tue, 09 Jun 2026 12:00:00 +0100 drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/30721406-664f-3146-9ad1-a0920d441293 In this episode of The Indictable Podcast stalking miniseries, Dr Catrin Williams explores the intimacy-seeking stalking typology.

Using a real case example, the episode examines the behaviour of Jacqueline Ades, a 31-year-old woman who, after a single date, sent approximately 65,000 messages to a man she met online—sometimes up to 500 per day. Her behaviour escalated from persistent contact to intrusion, including unlawfully entering his home and appearing at his workplace claiming to be his wife. A butcher knife was later found in her car. She was arrested multiple times in connection with the incidents.

Despite the severity of her actions, Ades maintained that she loved the victim and intended no harm.

The episode explores how intimacy-seeking stalking is often driven by unmet emotional needs, loneliness, and distorted beliefs about relationships. Individuals may misinterpret or ignore rejection, showing persistent and intrusive behaviour in pursuit of a perceived connection.

Dr Williams discusses the psychological features commonly associated with this typology, including significant mental health difficulties, poor social skills, and fixation.

The episode draws on British Psychological Society (BPS) material to illustrate how these patterns present in practice.

 

Who was talking?

 

Dr Catrin Williams (Forensic Psychologist)

 

List of Topics Covered

 

  • Intimacy-seeking stalking: definition and key features
  • Contrast with rejected stalking
  • Case study: escalation from messaging to intrusion and arrest
  • Psychological drivers (loneliness, fixation, misreading social cues)
  • Risk considerations, including violence and mental health factors

 

References and Reading

 

For a full list of all references used – please see show notes of ‘Episode 0’ of this miniseries.

CBS News. (2018, May 9). Jacqueline Ades, accused stalker, speaks out from jail about sending 65,000 texts. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jacqueline-ades-accused-stalker-speaks-out-from-jail-about-sending-65000-texts-phoenix/

Meloy, J. R. (1999). The psychology of stalking: Clinical and forensic perspectives. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 22(1), 95–107. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10450267/

British Psychological Society. (2022). Stalking: Psychological perspectives and practice guidance (Chapter 7). https://explore.bps.org.uk/content/report-guideline/bpsrep.2022.rep169/chapter/bpsrep.2022.rep169.7

Almond, L., & McEwan, T. (2013). Distinguishing stalking modus operandi: An examination of behavioural patterns. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology. https://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/17284/

Rosenfeld, B. (2009). Violence risk factors in stalking and obsessional harassment: A review and preliminary meta-analysis. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 36(2), 163–181. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19215627/

 

Content warnings and Disclaimer

This episode discusses stalking, including obsessive and intrusive behaviour, harassment, and boundary violations. It also references unlawful entry into a person’s home and the presence of a weapon. Some listeners may find this content distressing. Please take care while listening and consider accessing support if needed.

The views and opinions expressed in this podcast are those of the host and guests and do not represent the official positions of any organisation or professional body. This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be taken as psychological advice or a substitute for professional consultation. While efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of information shared, psychological concepts and case details are simplified for discussion. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or deceased, is purely coincidental unless explicitly stated.

The hosts and guests will never discuss any details of individual cases or locations that they have personally worked with or within. Vague personal and professional experiences may be shared as part of discussions, but considerable details will have been changed to ensure that there is no identifiable information to ensure anonymity and confidentiality. There will be no discussion on any current or ongoing cases in the United Kingdom, not any cases from the United Kingdom unless they are historical and fully resolved. All discussions adhere to HCPC and BPS ethical guidelines regarding confidentiality, professional boundaries and responsible communication of psychological information.

Listener discretion is advice, as some topics may contain descriptions of violence trauma and other sensitive content.

 

Get in touch at indictablepodcast@gmail.com

 

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

 

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

 

www.indictablepodcast.com

 

]]> In this episode of The Indictable Podcast stalking miniseries, Dr Catrin Williams explores the intimacy-seeking stalking typology.

Using a real case example, the episode examines the behaviour of Jacqueline Ades, a 31-year-old woman who, after a single date, sent approximately 65,000 messages to a man she met online—sometimes up to 500 per day. Her behaviour escalated from persistent contact to intrusion, including unlawfully entering his home and appearing at his workplace claiming to be his wife. A butcher knife was later found in her car. She was arrested multiple times in connection with the incidents.

Despite the severity of her actions, Ades maintained that she loved the victim and intended no harm.

The episode explores how intimacy-seeking stalking is often driven by unmet emotional needs, loneliness, and distorted beliefs about relationships. Individuals may misinterpret or ignore rejection, showing persistent and intrusive behaviour in pursuit of a perceived connection.

Dr Williams discusses the psychological features commonly associated with this typology, including significant mental health difficulties, poor social skills, and fixation.

The episode draws on British Psychological Society (BPS) material to illustrate how these patterns present in practice.

 

Who was talking?

 

Dr Catrin Williams (Forensic Psychologist)

 

List of Topics Covered

 

  • Intimacy-seeking stalking: definition and key features
  • Contrast with rejected stalking
  • Case study: escalation from messaging to intrusion and arrest
  • Psychological drivers (loneliness, fixation, misreading social cues)
  • Risk considerations, including violence and mental health factors

 

References and Reading

 

For a full list of all references used – please see show notes of ‘Episode 0’ of this miniseries.

CBS News. (2018, May 9). Jacqueline Ades, accused stalker, speaks out from jail about sending 65,000 texts. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jacqueline-ades-accused-stalker-speaks-out-from-jail-about-sending-65000-texts-phoenix/

Meloy, J. R. (1999). The psychology of stalking: Clinical and forensic perspectives. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 22(1), 95–107. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10450267/

British Psychological Society. (2022). Stalking: Psychological perspectives and practice guidance (Chapter 7). https://explore.bps.org.uk/content/report-guideline/bpsrep.2022.rep169/chapter/bpsrep.2022.rep169.7

Almond, L., & McEwan, T. (2013). Distinguishing stalking modus operandi: An examination of behavioural patterns. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology. https://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/17284/

Rosenfeld, B. (2009). Violence risk factors in stalking and obsessional harassment: A review and preliminary meta-analysis. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 36(2), 163–181. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19215627/

 

Content warnings and Disclaimer

This episode discusses stalking, including obsessive and intrusive behaviour, harassment, and boundary violations. It also references unlawful entry into a person’s home and the presence of a weapon. Some listeners may find this content distressing. Please take care while listening and consider accessing support if needed.

The views and opinions expressed in this podcast are those of the host and guests and do not represent the official positions of any organisation or professional body. This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be taken as psychological advice or a substitute for professional consultation. While efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of information shared, psychological concepts and case details are simplified for discussion. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or deceased, is purely coincidental unless explicitly stated.

The hosts and guests will never discuss any details of individual cases or locations that they have personally worked with or within. Vague personal and professional experiences may be shared as part of discussions, but considerable details will have been changed to ensure that there is no identifiable information to ensure anonymity and confidentiality. There will be no discussion on any current or ongoing cases in the United Kingdom, not any cases from the United Kingdom unless they are historical and fully resolved. All discussions adhere to HCPC and BPS ethical guidelines regarding confidentiality, professional boundaries and responsible communication of psychological information.

Listener discretion is advice, as some topics may contain descriptions of violence trauma and other sensitive content.

 

Get in touch at indictablepodcast@gmail.com

 

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

 

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

 

www.indictablepodcast.com

 

]]> drcatrinwilliams true No 1346 4 full Stalking Series: Ep1 - The Rejected Stalker Stalking Series: Ep1 - The Rejected Stalker https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/stalking-series-ep1-the-rejected-stalker/ https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/stalking-series-ep1-the-rejected-stalker/#comments Mon, 08 Jun 2026 12:50:00 +0100 drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/27af8f94-b49b-37fe-bcf6-86b224839b21 Dr Catrin Williams explores the “rejected stalker” typology through a case. What began as a relationship formed through AA escalated into severe domestic violence during pregnancy, repeated assaults, threats involving weapons, and ultimately persistent stalking following separation. Despite restraining orders, criminal convictions, and imprisonment, Cook continued to pursue contact through surveillance, threatening letters, smear campaigns, and harassment directed not only at M, but also at her workplace, family, and wider social network.

Using this case, Dr Williams examines how rejected stalking often emerges after the breakdown of an intimate relationship, where the perpetrator struggles to accept the loss. The episode explores the psychological drivers behind this typology, including attachment difficulties, emotional dysregulation, entitlement, coercive control, and the overlap between reconciliation-seeking and revenge. The episode also discusses why rejected stalkers are considered one of the higher-risk stalking groups, particularly where there is a prior history of domestic abuse and violence.

 

Who was talking?

 

Dr Catrin Williams (Forensic Psychologist)

 

List of Topics Covered

 

  • The “rejected stalker” typology and stalking after relationship breakdown
  • Domestic violence, coercive control, and escalation to stalking
  • Threats, surveillance, smear campaigns, and stalking from custody
  • Psychological drivers of rejected stalking, including attachment, entitlement, and revenge

 

References and Reading

For a full list of all references used – please see show notes of ‘Episode 0’ of this miniseries

 

Content warnings and Disclaimer

 

This episode discusses stalking, domestic violence, coercive control, threats, and psychological abuse, including violence during pregnancy and references to weapons. Some listeners may find this content distressing. Please take care while listening and consider accessing support if needed.

The content of this podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered legal, psychological, or clinical advice. Any views expressed are those of the host and are based on publicly available information, research literature, and professional opinion.

The views and opinions expressed in this podcast are those of the host and guests and do not represent the official positions of any organisation or professional body. This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be taken as psychological advice or a substitute for professional consultation. While efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of information shared, psychological concepts and case details are simplified for discussion. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or deceased, is purely coincidental unless explicitly stated.

The hosts and guests will never discuss any details of individual cases or locations that they have personally worked with or within. Vague personal and professional experiences may be shared as part of discussions, but considerable details will have been changed to ensure that there is no identifiable information to ensure anonymity and confidentiality. There will be no discussion on any current or ongoing cases in the United Kingdom, not any cases from the United Kingdom unless they are historical and fully resolved. All discussions adhere to HCPC and BPS ethical guidelines regarding confidentiality, professional boundaries and responsible communication of psychological information.

Listener discretion is advice, as some topics may contain descriptions of violence trauma and other sensitive content.

 

Get in touch at indictablepodcast@gmail.com

 

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

 

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

 

www.indictablepodcast.com

 

 

 

]]> Dr Catrin Williams explores the “rejected stalker” typology through a case. What began as a relationship formed through AA escalated into severe domestic violence during pregnancy, repeated assaults, threats involving weapons, and ultimately persistent stalking following separation. Despite restraining orders, criminal convictions, and imprisonment, Cook continued to pursue contact through surveillance, threatening letters, smear campaigns, and harassment directed not only at M, but also at her workplace, family, and wider social network.

Using this case, Dr Williams examines how rejected stalking often emerges after the breakdown of an intimate relationship, where the perpetrator struggles to accept the loss. The episode explores the psychological drivers behind this typology, including attachment difficulties, emotional dysregulation, entitlement, coercive control, and the overlap between reconciliation-seeking and revenge. The episode also discusses why rejected stalkers are considered one of the higher-risk stalking groups, particularly where there is a prior history of domestic abuse and violence.

 

Who was talking?

 

Dr Catrin Williams (Forensic Psychologist)

 

List of Topics Covered

 

  • The “rejected stalker” typology and stalking after relationship breakdown
  • Domestic violence, coercive control, and escalation to stalking
  • Threats, surveillance, smear campaigns, and stalking from custody
  • Psychological drivers of rejected stalking, including attachment, entitlement, and revenge

 

References and Reading

For a full list of all references used – please see show notes of ‘Episode 0’ of this miniseries

 

Content warnings and Disclaimer

 

This episode discusses stalking, domestic violence, coercive control, threats, and psychological abuse, including violence during pregnancy and references to weapons. Some listeners may find this content distressing. Please take care while listening and consider accessing support if needed.

The content of this podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered legal, psychological, or clinical advice. Any views expressed are those of the host and are based on publicly available information, research literature, and professional opinion.

The views and opinions expressed in this podcast are those of the host and guests and do not represent the official positions of any organisation or professional body. This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be taken as psychological advice or a substitute for professional consultation. While efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of information shared, psychological concepts and case details are simplified for discussion. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or deceased, is purely coincidental unless explicitly stated.

The hosts and guests will never discuss any details of individual cases or locations that they have personally worked with or within. Vague personal and professional experiences may be shared as part of discussions, but considerable details will have been changed to ensure that there is no identifiable information to ensure anonymity and confidentiality. There will be no discussion on any current or ongoing cases in the United Kingdom, not any cases from the United Kingdom unless they are historical and fully resolved. All discussions adhere to HCPC and BPS ethical guidelines regarding confidentiality, professional boundaries and responsible communication of psychological information.

Listener discretion is advice, as some topics may contain descriptions of violence trauma and other sensitive content.

 

Get in touch at indictablepodcast@gmail.com

 

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

 

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

 

www.indictablepodcast.com

 

 

 

]]> drcatrinwilliams true No 1615 3 full Stalking Series: Ep0 - What is stalking? Stalking Series: Ep0 - What is stalking? https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/stalking-series-ep0-what-is-stalking/ https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/stalking-series-ep0-what-is-stalking/#comments Sun, 07 Jun 2026 11:53:00 +0100 drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/59cd7fb8-c4cb-377a-808e-b927f20a9706 Dr Catrin Williams introduces The Indictable Podcast’s seven-part stalking miniseries, beginning with a clear overview of what stalking is, how common it is, and why it matters.

In England and Wales, an estimated 2.5 million people experience stalking each year. Rates are higher among women, younger individuals, and those who are divorced or separated. Stalking is most often perpetrated by someone known to the victim and frequently involves the use of technology. Despite this, it remains widely underreported.

Stalking is defined as a repeated pattern of unwanted behaviour that causes distress or fear. It can be difficult to recognise, particularly as it often overlaps with coercive control and domestic abuse.

Dr Williams outlines how stalking is assessed in practice, focusing on building a full picture of the relationship context, the impact on the victim, and the motivations and fixations of the perpetrator.

The episode also introduces key legislation in England and Wales, including:

  • Protection from Harassment Act 1997
  • Protection of Freedoms Act 2012
  • Stalking Protection Act 2020

Civil and criminal responses are discussed, including Stalking Protection Orders (SPOs), which can include both restrictions and positive requirements.

Finally, the episode introduces a biopsychosocial understanding of stalking behaviour, including attachment theory and relational goal pursuit, and previews Mullen’s five stalking typologies explored across the series:

  • Rejected
  • Intimacy seeker
  • Incompetent suitor
  • Resentful
  • Predatory

 

Who was talking?

 

Dr Catrin Williams (Forensic Psychologist)

 

List of Topics Covered

  • What stalking is and how it presents
  • Who is most at risk and how common it is
  • Links with coercive control and domestic abuse
  • How stalking is assessed and understood psychologically
  • Overview of UK legislation and stalking typologies

 

References and Reading

Please see the references available on the BPS website that have been utilised for this episode here: https://explore.bps.org.uk/content/report-guideline/bpsrep.2022.rep169/back-matter/bpsrep.2022.rep169.13

Dressing, H., Gass, P., Schultz, K., & Keuher, C. (2020). The prevalence and effects of stalking: A replication study. Deutsches Ärzteblatt International, 117(20), 346–363.

Dutton, M. A., & Goodman, L. A. (2005). Coercion in intimate partner violence: Toward a new conceptualization. Sex Roles, 52(11–12), 743–756.

Engel, G. L. (1980). The clinical application of the biopsychosocial model. American Journal of Psychiatry, 137(5), 535–544. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.137.5.535

Leigh, S., & Davies, J. (2021). A rapid evidence assessment of psychological treatment approaches for stalking behaviour. Journal of Forensic Practice.

MacKenzie, R. D., McEwan, T. E., Pathé, M. T., James, D., Ogloff, J. R. P., & Mullen, P. E. (2009). Stalking risk profile: Guidelines for the assessment and management of stalkers (1st ed.). StalkInc & Centre for Forensic Behavioural Science, Monash University.

McEwan, T. E., Simmons, M., Clothier, T., & Senkans, S. (2020). Measuring stalking: The development and evaluation of the Stalking Assessment Indices (SAI). Psychiatry, Psychology and Law. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2020.1787904

Mohandie, K., Meloy, J. R., McGowan, M. G., & Williams, J. (2006). The RECON typology of stalking: Reliability and validity based upon a large sample of North American stalkers. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 51, 147–155.

Mullen, P.E., Pathé, M., Purcell, R. & Stuart, G.W. (1999). Study of stalkers. American Journal of Psychiatry, 156(8), 1244–1249. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.8.1244

Office for National Statistics. (2018). Crime statistics. https://www.ons.gov.uk

Office for National Statistics. (2024). “I feel like I am living someone else’s life”: One in seven people a victim of stalking.https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/crimeandjustice/articles/ifeellikeiamlivingsomeoneelseslifeoneinsevenpeopleavictimofstalking/2024-09-26

Purcell, R., & McEwan, T. (2018). Treatment approaches for stalking. In C. Ireland, J. Ireland, & P. Birch (Eds.), Violent and sexual offenders: Assessment, treatment and management (pp. 428–444). Routledge.

Purcell, R., Pathé, M., & Mullen, P. E. (2004). When do repeated intrusions become stalking? Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 15, 571–583.

Scott, A. J., Lloyd, R., & Gavin, J. (2010). The influence of prior relationship on perceptions of stalking in the United Kingdom and Australia. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 37, 1185–1194.

Sheridan, L. P., & James, D. V. (2015). Complaints of group-stalking (‘gang-stalking’): An exploratory study of their nature and impact on complainants. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 26(5), 601–623.

Stark, E. (2013). Coercive control. In Violence against women: Current theory and practice in domestic abuse, sexual violence and exploitation (pp. 17–33).

Suzy Lamplugh Trust. (2018). Out of sight, out of mind: Two years on. https://www.suzylamplugh.org

U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics. (2019). Stalking victimization, 2019.https://bjs.ojp.gov/library/publications/stalking-victimization-2019

 

Content warnings and Disclaimer

This episode discusses stalking, including patterns of unwanted behaviour, coercive control, and the psychological impact on victims. Some listeners may find this content distressing. Please take care while listening and consider accessing support if needed.

The views and opinions expressed in this podcast are those of the host and guests and do not represent the official positions of any organisation or professional body. This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be taken as psychological advice or a substitute for professional consultation. While efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of information shared, psychological concepts and case details are simplified for discussion. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or deceased, is purely coincidental unless explicitly stated.

The hosts and guests will never discuss any details of individual cases or locations that they have personally worked with or within. Vague personal and professional experiences may be shared as part of discussions, but considerable details will have been changed to ensure that there is no identifiable information to ensure anonymity and confidentiality. There will be no discussion on any current or ongoing cases in the United Kingdom, not any cases from the United Kingdom unless they are historical and fully resolved. All discussions adhere to HCPC and BPS ethical guidelines regarding confidentiality, professional boundaries and responsible communication of psychological information.

Listener discretion is advice, as some topics may contain descriptions of violence trauma and other sensitive content.

 

Get in touch at indictablepodcast@gmail.com

 

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

 

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

 

www.indictablepodcast.com

 

]]> Dr Catrin Williams introduces The Indictable Podcast’s seven-part stalking miniseries, beginning with a clear overview of what stalking is, how common it is, and why it matters.

In England and Wales, an estimated 2.5 million people experience stalking each year. Rates are higher among women, younger individuals, and those who are divorced or separated. Stalking is most often perpetrated by someone known to the victim and frequently involves the use of technology. Despite this, it remains widely underreported.

Stalking is defined as a repeated pattern of unwanted behaviour that causes distress or fear. It can be difficult to recognise, particularly as it often overlaps with coercive control and domestic abuse.

Dr Williams outlines how stalking is assessed in practice, focusing on building a full picture of the relationship context, the impact on the victim, and the motivations and fixations of the perpetrator.

The episode also introduces key legislation in England and Wales, including:

  • Protection from Harassment Act 1997
  • Protection of Freedoms Act 2012
  • Stalking Protection Act 2020

Civil and criminal responses are discussed, including Stalking Protection Orders (SPOs), which can include both restrictions and positive requirements.

Finally, the episode introduces a biopsychosocial understanding of stalking behaviour, including attachment theory and relational goal pursuit, and previews Mullen’s five stalking typologies explored across the series:

  • Rejected
  • Intimacy seeker
  • Incompetent suitor
  • Resentful
  • Predatory

 

Who was talking?

 

Dr Catrin Williams (Forensic Psychologist)

 

List of Topics Covered

  • What stalking is and how it presents
  • Who is most at risk and how common it is
  • Links with coercive control and domestic abuse
  • How stalking is assessed and understood psychologically
  • Overview of UK legislation and stalking typologies

 

References and Reading

Please see the references available on the BPS website that have been utilised for this episode here: https://explore.bps.org.uk/content/report-guideline/bpsrep.2022.rep169/back-matter/bpsrep.2022.rep169.13

Dressing, H., Gass, P., Schultz, K., & Keuher, C. (2020). The prevalence and effects of stalking: A replication study. Deutsches Ärzteblatt International, 117(20), 346–363.

Dutton, M. A., & Goodman, L. A. (2005). Coercion in intimate partner violence: Toward a new conceptualization. Sex Roles, 52(11–12), 743–756.

Engel, G. L. (1980). The clinical application of the biopsychosocial model. American Journal of Psychiatry, 137(5), 535–544. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.137.5.535

Leigh, S., & Davies, J. (2021). A rapid evidence assessment of psychological treatment approaches for stalking behaviour. Journal of Forensic Practice.

MacKenzie, R. D., McEwan, T. E., Pathé, M. T., James, D., Ogloff, J. R. P., & Mullen, P. E. (2009). Stalking risk profile: Guidelines for the assessment and management of stalkers (1st ed.). StalkInc & Centre for Forensic Behavioural Science, Monash University.

McEwan, T. E., Simmons, M., Clothier, T., & Senkans, S. (2020). Measuring stalking: The development and evaluation of the Stalking Assessment Indices (SAI). Psychiatry, Psychology and Law. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2020.1787904

Mohandie, K., Meloy, J. R., McGowan, M. G., & Williams, J. (2006). The RECON typology of stalking: Reliability and validity based upon a large sample of North American stalkers. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 51, 147–155.

Mullen, P.E., Pathé, M., Purcell, R. & Stuart, G.W. (1999). Study of stalkers. American Journal of Psychiatry, 156(8), 1244–1249. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.8.1244

Office for National Statistics. (2018). Crime statistics. https://www.ons.gov.uk

Office for National Statistics. (2024). “I feel like I am living someone else’s life”: One in seven people a victim of stalking.https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/crimeandjustice/articles/ifeellikeiamlivingsomeoneelseslifeoneinsevenpeopleavictimofstalking/2024-09-26

Purcell, R., & McEwan, T. (2018). Treatment approaches for stalking. In C. Ireland, J. Ireland, & P. Birch (Eds.), Violent and sexual offenders: Assessment, treatment and management (pp. 428–444). Routledge.

Purcell, R., Pathé, M., & Mullen, P. E. (2004). When do repeated intrusions become stalking? Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 15, 571–583.

Scott, A. J., Lloyd, R., & Gavin, J. (2010). The influence of prior relationship on perceptions of stalking in the United Kingdom and Australia. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 37, 1185–1194.

Sheridan, L. P., & James, D. V. (2015). Complaints of group-stalking (‘gang-stalking’): An exploratory study of their nature and impact on complainants. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 26(5), 601–623.

Stark, E. (2013). Coercive control. In Violence against women: Current theory and practice in domestic abuse, sexual violence and exploitation (pp. 17–33).

Suzy Lamplugh Trust. (2018). Out of sight, out of mind: Two years on. https://www.suzylamplugh.org

U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics. (2019). Stalking victimization, 2019.https://bjs.ojp.gov/library/publications/stalking-victimization-2019

 

Content warnings and Disclaimer

This episode discusses stalking, including patterns of unwanted behaviour, coercive control, and the psychological impact on victims. Some listeners may find this content distressing. Please take care while listening and consider accessing support if needed.

The views and opinions expressed in this podcast are those of the host and guests and do not represent the official positions of any organisation or professional body. This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be taken as psychological advice or a substitute for professional consultation. While efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of information shared, psychological concepts and case details are simplified for discussion. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or deceased, is purely coincidental unless explicitly stated.

The hosts and guests will never discuss any details of individual cases or locations that they have personally worked with or within. Vague personal and professional experiences may be shared as part of discussions, but considerable details will have been changed to ensure that there is no identifiable information to ensure anonymity and confidentiality. There will be no discussion on any current or ongoing cases in the United Kingdom, not any cases from the United Kingdom unless they are historical and fully resolved. All discussions adhere to HCPC and BPS ethical guidelines regarding confidentiality, professional boundaries and responsible communication of psychological information.

Listener discretion is advice, as some topics may contain descriptions of violence trauma and other sensitive content.

 

Get in touch at indictablepodcast@gmail.com

 

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

 

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

 

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]]> drcatrinwilliams true No 1423 2 full When witness memory is wrong: The misinformation effect When witness memory is wrong: The misinformation effect https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/when-witness-memory-is-wrong-the-misinformation-effect/ https://drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/e/when-witness-memory-is-wrong-the-misinformation-effect/#comments Fri, 05 Jun 2026 12:00:00 +0100 drcatrinwilliams.podbean.com/fdcdb692-f75a-3de8-98b9-d5cb654ee246 In this episode, Ronald Cotton and Jennifer Thompson become the centre of a discussion about one of the most important psychological concepts in criminal justice: the misinformation effect.

Dr Catrin Williams examines how memory is formed, stored, and retrieved — and why human memory does not function like a CCTV recording. Using the wrongful conviction of Cotton as a case study, the episode explores how eyewitness identification, repeated exposure, authority influence, and post-event information can alter a person’s recollection of events.

The episode follows the timeline of Cotton’s conviction in 1984, Jennifer Thompson’s identifications of him through mugshots, line-ups, and trial testimony, and the later DNA evidence that excluded Cotton and identified Bobby Poole as the perpetrator. Cotton spent more than a decade imprisoned before being exonerated in 1995.

The discussion also explores the work of Elizabeth Loftus, the psychology of false memories, the difference between recall and recognition, and the role of suggestion in high-profile cases such as the McMartin preschool trial.

 

 

Who was talking?

 

Dr Catrin Williams (Forensic Psychologist)

 

List of Topics Covered

 

  • The misinformation effect
  • How memory encoding, storage, and retrieval work
  • Eyewitness identification reliability
  • The wrongful conviction of Ronald Cotton
  • Jennifer Thompson’s eyewitness testimony
  • Elizabeth Loftus’s false memory research
  • The McMartin Preschool case

 

References and Reading

 

Loftus, E. F. (2019). Eyewitness testimony. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 33(4), 498–503. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3542

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McMartin_preschool_trial

 

https://innocenceproject.org/cases/ronald-cotton/

 

 

Content warnings and Disclaimer

 

This podcast episode discusses serious criminal offences, wrongful conviction, sexual violence allegations, and failures within the criminal justice system. Listener discretion is advised.The content of this podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered legal or clinical advice. While every effort has been made to ensure factual accuracy, discussions are based on publicly available information and psychological research available at the time of recording.

The views and opinions expressed in this podcast are those of the host and guests and do not represent the official positions of any organisation or professional body. This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be taken as psychological advice or a substitute for professional consultation. While efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of information shared, psychological concepts and case details are simplified for discussion. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or deceased, is purely coincidental unless explicitly stated.

The hosts and guests will never discuss any details of individual cases or locations that they have personally worked with or within. Vague personal and professional experiences may be shared as part of discussions, but considerable details will have been changed to ensure that there is no identifiable information to ensure anonymity and confidentiality. There will be no discussion on any current or ongoing cases in the United Kingdom, not any cases from the United Kingdom unless they are historical and fully resolved. All discussions adhere to HCPC and BPS ethical guidelines regarding confidentiality, professional boundaries and responsible communication of psychological information.

Listener discretion is advice, as some topics may contain descriptions of violence trauma and other sensitive content.

 

Get in touch at indictablepodcast@gmail.com

 

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

 

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

 

www.indictablepodcast.com

]]> In this episode, Ronald Cotton and Jennifer Thompson become the centre of a discussion about one of the most important psychological concepts in criminal justice: the misinformation effect.

Dr Catrin Williams examines how memory is formed, stored, and retrieved — and why human memory does not function like a CCTV recording. Using the wrongful conviction of Cotton as a case study, the episode explores how eyewitness identification, repeated exposure, authority influence, and post-event information can alter a person’s recollection of events.

The episode follows the timeline of Cotton’s conviction in 1984, Jennifer Thompson’s identifications of him through mugshots, line-ups, and trial testimony, and the later DNA evidence that excluded Cotton and identified Bobby Poole as the perpetrator. Cotton spent more than a decade imprisoned before being exonerated in 1995.

The discussion also explores the work of Elizabeth Loftus, the psychology of false memories, the difference between recall and recognition, and the role of suggestion in high-profile cases such as the McMartin preschool trial.

 

 

Who was talking?

 

Dr Catrin Williams (Forensic Psychologist)

 

List of Topics Covered

 

  • The misinformation effect
  • How memory encoding, storage, and retrieval work
  • Eyewitness identification reliability
  • The wrongful conviction of Ronald Cotton
  • Jennifer Thompson’s eyewitness testimony
  • Elizabeth Loftus’s false memory research
  • The McMartin Preschool case

 

References and Reading

 

Loftus, E. F. (2019). Eyewitness testimony. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 33(4), 498–503. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3542

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McMartin_preschool_trial

 

https://innocenceproject.org/cases/ronald-cotton/

 

 

Content warnings and Disclaimer

 

This podcast episode discusses serious criminal offences, wrongful conviction, sexual violence allegations, and failures within the criminal justice system. Listener discretion is advised.The content of this podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered legal or clinical advice. While every effort has been made to ensure factual accuracy, discussions are based on publicly available information and psychological research available at the time of recording.

The views and opinions expressed in this podcast are those of the host and guests and do not represent the official positions of any organisation or professional body. This podcast is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be taken as psychological advice or a substitute for professional consultation. While efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of information shared, psychological concepts and case details are simplified for discussion. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or deceased, is purely coincidental unless explicitly stated.

The hosts and guests will never discuss any details of individual cases or locations that they have personally worked with or within. Vague personal and professional experiences may be shared as part of discussions, but considerable details will have been changed to ensure that there is no identifiable information to ensure anonymity and confidentiality. There will be no discussion on any current or ongoing cases in the United Kingdom, not any cases from the United Kingdom unless they are historical and fully resolved. All discussions adhere to HCPC and BPS ethical guidelines regarding confidentiality, professional boundaries and responsible communication of psychological information.

Listener discretion is advice, as some topics may contain descriptions of violence trauma and other sensitive content.

 

Get in touch at indictablepodcast@gmail.com

 

Where to find me! (Please follow x)

 

@indictablepodcast on Instagram, Tiktok and Facebook

 

www.indictablepodcast.com

]]> drcatrinwilliams true No 1745 1 full