Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular CME

Cardiovascular Care of the Masters Athlete

Tue, 12 May 2026 06:00:00 -0500

Cardiovascular Care of the Masters Athlete

Guest: Kathryn Larson, M.D.

Host: Sharonne Hayes, M.D.

In this podcast, Dr. Kathryn Larson will discuss current research on the influence of exercise on cardiovascular physiology and health. Specifically, she will discuss her research on the effects of life-long endurance exercise exposures on cardiac function and exercise capacity, particularly as it pertains to female masters athletes. This unique population can serve as an important model of healthy cardiovascular aging and offer therapeutic insights into how exercise truly is an effective therapy.

Topics Discussed:

On a “big picture” scale, what is interesting and unique about older adults who continue to maintain a high level of exercise training?
Aging and the accumulation of cardiac and non-cardiac diseases clearly impact cardiovascular function over time. What lessons can we learn from masters athletes on how things like aging, menopause, and cardiovascular disease interact with a life-long habit of exercise?
What are some of the challenges that come with studying masters athletes?
Is there such a thing as “too much exercise?”

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

Cardiovascular Education App:
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No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Recorded on 09-December-2026.

Pregnancy, Labor and Delivery, and Postpartum Care in Women with Cardiovascular Disease

Tue, 05 May 2026 06:00:00 -0500

Pregnancy, Labor and Delivery, and Postpartum Care in Women with Cardiovascular Disease

Guest: Carl Rose, M.D.

Guest: Katie Young, M.D.

Guest: Katherine Arendt, M.D.

Host: Marysia Tweet, M.D., M.S.

Where patients deliver babies matters, particularly for women with cardiac disease. In this episode, Dr. Marysia Tweet interviews three experts on CVD, OB, and anesthesia. High-risk centers provide 24/7 in-house obstetric anesthesia and multidisciplinary resources that support anticipatory planning and rapid response to obstetric, cardiovascular, and anesthesia emergencies during labor and delivery. Whenever possible, cardiac obstetric patients should be managed by a multidisciplinary Pregnancy Heart Team from preconception to delivery to optimize planning and outcomes.

Topics Discussed:

Role of an obstetric anesthesiologist on a labor and delivery unit
Coordination of cardiology, OB anesthesia, MFM, and nursing care during labor and delivery
Cardiac indications for assisted vaginal delivery and cesarean delivery
Telemetry and ICU level monitoring postpartum

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Recorded on: 19-February-2026

AI ECG for Valvular Disease and Diastolic Function

Tue, 28 Apr 2026 06:00:00 -0500

AI ECG for Valvular Disease and Diastolic Function

Guest: Jae Oh, M.D.

Host: Kyle Klarich, M.D.

In this episode of “Interview With the Experts,” Dr. Kyle Klarich interviews Dr. Jae Oh on the use of AI ECG in his practice. ECG is widely available and standardized. AI ECG can be used for screening important left heart conditions and helpful in identifying asymptomatic patients with significant diastolic dysfunction or aortic stenosis. AI ECG can be a useful prognostic parameter when applied appropriately.

Topics Discussed:

How did you get involved in AI ECG for diastolic function and AS?
How did you develop AI ECG algorithms?
How does AI ECG perform for diastolic function and AS?
What do you think is the optimal clinical application of AI ECG?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Recorded on: 02-October-2025

Preconception Counseling for High-Risk Women

Tue, 21 Apr 2026 06:00:00 -0500

Preconception Counseling for High-Risk Women

Guest: Katie Young, M.D.

Guest: Carl Rose, M.D.

Host: Marysia Tweet, M.D.

Preconception counseling for high-risk women focuses on identifying and optimizing cardiovascular, metabolic, and medical conditions before pregnancy to reduce maternal and fetal risk. This podcast highlights risk stratification, medication review, and delivery planning considerations that can meaningfully improve pregnancy and postpartum outcomes.

Topics Discussed:

Core components of a comprehensive preconception evaluation
How do tools like modified WHO classification and CARPREG II inform counseling?
Cardiac medications and pregnancy
Cardiovascular surveillance across pregnancy in high-risk patients

2025 ESC Guidelines for the management of cardiovascular disease and pregnancy: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/46/43/4462/8234487

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Recorded on: 08-January-2026

Common Scenarios in ACHD

Tue, 14 Apr 2026 06:00:00 -0500

Common Scenarios in ACHD

Guest: Maan Jokhadar, M.D.

Host: Malcolm Bell, M.D.

In this third and final episode discussing ACHD, Drs. Bell and Jokhadar review practical management considerations for adults with congenital heart disease, focusing on common conditions encountered in general cardiology and primary care. The discussion highlights bicuspid aortic valve disease and associated aortopathy, repaired tetralogy of Fallot and coarctation of the aorta, prosthetic valve management, anticoagulation and bridging decisions, and current recommendations for endocarditis prophylaxis. Emphasis is placed on surveillance, complication prevention, and thoughtful risk–benefit assessment in routine and procedural care. Be sure to listen to the previous two episodes, “The Hospitalized ACHD Patient” and “ACHD for the Primary Care Provider.”

Topics Discussed:

Bicuspid Aortic Valve (BAV)
Coarctation of the Aorta (COA)
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)
Mechanical and Bioprosthetic Valves
Anticoagulation Management
Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis (SBE) Prophylaxis

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Recorded on: 04-November-2025

Menorrhagia Management in Women with Cardiovascular Disease

Tue, 07 Apr 2026 06:00:00 -0500

Menorrhagia Management in Women with Cardiovascular Disease

Guest: Shannon Laughlin-Tommaso, M.D.

Host: Marysia Tweet, M.D., M.S.

Heavy menstrual bleeding is a condition that occurs before menopause and can be caused by both hormonal and structural conditions, like fibroids or adenomyosis. There are many medical and procedural options for treating bleeding which are safe in women with CVD. Although hysterectomy is a definitive option for HMB, it can increase risks of CVD in young women.

Topics Discussed:

What are the causes of heavy menstrual bleeding?
what are the options for treating heavy menstrual bleeding in patients on or off anticoagulation?
Is heavy menstrual bleeding a risk factor for CVD?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Recorded 06-January-2026

ACHD for the Primary Care Provider

Tue, 31 Mar 2026 06:00:00 -0500

ACHD for the Primary Care Provider

Guest: Maan Jokhadar, M.D.

Host: Malcolm Bell, M.D.

This is the second of three episodes on adult congenital heart disease. Be sure to go back and listen to episode one, “The Hospitalized ACHD Patient.” In this episode, listeners will hear a primer on caring for adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) in the primary care setting. Dr. Malcolm Bell and Dr. Maan Jokhadar discuss when ACHD patients should be referred for specialized evaluation, how to locate clinics, and which symptoms should raise concern. Key practical tips are shared to help avoid common pitfalls and ensure safe, effective care for this unique patient population.

Topics Discussed:

Do all patients with CHD need to be seen in an ACHD clinic?
How to locate ACHD clinic?
What are some alarm symptoms for ACHD?
Common pitfalls to avoid

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Recorded on: 04-November-2025

Pacing and Defibrillation Without Leads

Tue, 24 Mar 2026 06:00:00 -0500

Pacing and Defibrillation Without Leads

Guest: Nicholas Tan, M.D.

Host: Anthony Kashou, M.D.

In this episode, listeners will hear about the history of pacemakers and defibrillators, both with and without leads. Potential risks and complications associated with transvenous cardiac devices are discussed. The listener should gain an awareness of leadless pacing and extravascular defibrillator systems.

Topics Discussed:

What are some of the risks associated with transvenous device implants?
What is leadless pacing, and how is it generally performed?
How does a defibrillator without transvenous leads work?
When will you consider “transvenous-free” pacing or defibrillation systems?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

09-December-2025

The Hospitalized ACHD Patient

Tue, 17 Mar 2026 06:00:00 -0500

The Hospitalized ACHD Patient

Guest: Maan Jokhadar, M.D.

Host: Malcolm Bell, M.D.

This is the first of three episodes on adult congenital heart disease. Adults with congenital heart disease are often admitted for a wide range of cardiac and non-cardiac issues, many of which carry unique management considerations. This episode emphasizes the importance of early ACHD consultation, especially in patients with cyanosis or prior complex repairs, and why even “simple” lesions deserve careful attention. We also touch on key bedside considerations that can significantly impact outcomes if overlooked. The goal is to build awareness and confidence when caring for this growing and complex patient population.

Topics Discussed:

Why are ACHD patients admitted?
When should a practitioner consult ACHD for their patient?
What are some of the common pitfalls to avoid?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Recorded on: 04-November-2025

Does Lifestyle Affect Pregnancy and Congenital Birth Defects?

Tue, 10 Mar 2026 06:00:00 -0500

Does Lifestyle Affect Pregnancy and Congenital Birth Defects?

Guest: Katie Young, M.D.

Guest: Carl Rose, M.D.

Host: Marysia Tweet, M.D., M.S.

Lifestyle choices before and during pregnancy can shape both maternal cardiovascular risk and fetal development. In this podcast, we explore how lifestyle factors before and during pregnancy influence maternal cardiovascular health and pregnancy outcomes.

Topics Discussed:

If a woman wishes to become pregnant, what can she do to minimize risk of adverse events during pregnancy or the postpartum period?
Are there certain lifestyle choices that are known to cause pregnancy complications?
Are there certain lifestyle choices that are known to cause congenital birth defects?
Are there any women for whom you would advise daily baby aspirin during pregnancy?
Are there lifestyle factors that should prompt enhanced fetal cardiac surveillance?
What cardiovascular or metabolic risk factors should ideally be optimized before conception?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Gene Therapy and Genetic Cardiomyopathies

Tue, 03 Mar 2026 06:00:00 -0600

Gene Therapy and Genetic Cardiomyopathies

Guest: John Giudicessi, M.D., Ph.D.

Host: Malcolm Bell, M.D.

In this podcast, listeners will learn what gene therapy is and the types of genes therapies under development for an array of genetically mediated cardiovascular disorders. In addition, active and upcoming gene therapy clinical trials for the treatment of specific arrhythmogenic, dilated, hypertrophic and restrictive cardiomyopathy genotypes will be discussed.

Topics Discussed:

What is gene therapy?
How do gene therapies differ from conventional management of genetic arrhythmogenic, dilated, hypertrophic and restrictive cardiomyopathies?
Are there different types of gene therapies?
What gene therapy trials are currently active or upcoming at Mayo Clinic and other institutions?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Recorded 21-October-2025

Leadless Pacemakers and Extravascular ICDs

Tue, 24 Feb 2026 06:00:00 -0600

Leadless Pacemakers and Extravascular ICDs

Guest: Alan M. Sugrue, M.B., B.Ch., B.A.O.

Host: Sharonne Hayes, M.D.

This episode of “Interviews With the Experts” explores how leadless pacemakers and extravascular ICDs are redefining device therapy by minimizing lead- and pocket-related complications while expanding options for patients with complex anatomy or infection risk. Listeners will learn how these systems differ from traditional transvenous technologies, review key data on safety and efficacy, and understand which patient profiles are best suited for each approach.

Topics Discussed:

How do leadless pacemakers differ from traditional transvenous systems in terms of technology, complication profile, and clinical outcomes?
In which patient populations should leadless pacing be considered as a first-line option?
What are the key design and functional differences between extravascular and subcutaneous ICDs?
What advantages and limitations should clinicians understand when deciding between these two systems?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Recorded 21-October-2025

Translating the DGA Into Real-World Cardiometabolic Care

Tue, 17 Feb 2026 06:00:00 -0600

Translating the DGA Into Real-World Cardiometabolic Care

Guest: Stephen L. Kopecky, M.D.

Host: Kyla M. Lara-Breitinger, M.D., M.H.S.

In this third episode roundtable, Dr. Lara Breitinger and Dr. Steve Kopecky examine what the DGAs get right—and where they fall short—for cardiovascular risk, from their emphasis on whole-food patterns to ongoing gaps around food processing, nutrient oversimplification, and sustainability messaging. They share how they translate the guidelines into real-world cardiometabolic care, including the evidence-based principles they use in clinic and when to individualize beyond national recommendations. Looking ahead, they explore the future of nutrition guidance—food as medicine, precision cardiometabolic care, and outcomes-driven recommendations—reminding listeners that the DGA is a starting point and to focus on "one bite at a time."

Topics Discussed:

The mismatch between guidelines and patients
What the DGA gets right—and wrong—for CV risk
How you counsel patients today
Where nutrition guidance needs to go next

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Recorded on: 10-February-2026

Applications of the New DGA

Tue, 10 Feb 2026 06:00:00 -0600

Applications of the New DGA

Guest: Tara Schmidt, RDN, LD

Host: Kyla Lara-Breitinger, M.D., M.H.S.

Every five years, new dietary guidelines for Americans are put out by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). The Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2025-2030 (10th edition) was recently published in early 2026 and has sparked some controversy with not only its visual icon, but some of its emphases as well. In this second episode reviewing the new DGA, Dr. Kyla-Lara Breitinger and Tara Schmidt, RDN, LD review what the new guidelines advise and what may be confusing for consumers.

Topics Discussed:

Do you want to share a bit of history around the DGAs?
What recommendations from the new DGAs align with longstanding nutrition science?
Are there elements of the new guidelines that raise any concern?
What should be some key nutritional focuses for Americans, given what we know about their health status?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Recorded on: 05-February-2026

Dietary Guidelines for Americans: What Changed, What Didn’t, and Why it Matters

Tue, 03 Feb 2026 06:00:00 -0600

Dietary Guidelines of America: What Changed, What Didn’t, and Why it Matters

Guest: Dariush Mozaffarian, M.D., Dr.P.H.

Host: Kyla Lara-Breitinger, M.D., M.H.S.

The release of the new Dietary Guidelines for Americans has sparked important conversations across medicine, public health, and clinical practice. In this three-episode Interview with the Experts mini-series, Mayo Clinic preventive cardiologist Dr. Kyla Lara-Breitinger brings clarity to what the guidelines mean for patients and clinicians alike—cutting through headlines, controversy, and confusion with evidence-based insights from national and Mayo Clinic experts. Together, we explore what’s new, what remains unchanged, where debate persists, and how these guidelines translate into real-world cardiometabolic care, with a strong emphasis on practical, patient-centered nutrition advice.

Topics Discussed:

Why does the new DGA matter for cardiology?
What’s new vs. recycled?
Core controversies
Clinical takeaways

Referenced article:

Mozaffarian D. The 2025-2030 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. JAMA. Published online January 14, 2026. doi:10.1001/jama.2026.0283 The 2025-2030 Dietary Guidelines for Americans | Lifestyle Behaviors | JAMA | JAMA Network

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Recorded on: 27-January-2026

Conduction System Pacing

Tue, 27 Jan 2026 06:00:00 -0600

Conduction System Pacing

Guest: Nicholas Tan, M.D., M.S.

Host: Anthony Kashou, M.D.

In this episode of the “ECG Making Waves” segment of Mayo Clinic’s cardiovascular podcast series “Interviews with the Experts,” Dr. Nicholas Tan joins us to discuss conduction system pacing. The listener will hear about the basics and rationale of conduction system pacing, as well as clinical scenarios where it should be considered.

Topics Discussed:

How does conduction system pacing (or CSP) differ from conventional means of pacing?
In broad strokes, how is CSP performed?
In what situations would you consider doing CSP?
Are there any risks or uncertainties regarding CSP?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Recorded 09-December-2025

AI Detection of Cardiac Amyloidosis

Tue, 20 Jan 2026 06:00:00 -0600

AI Detection of Cardiac Amyloidosis

Guest: Patricia Pellikka, M.D.

Host: Malcolm Bell, M.D.

Dr. Patricia Pellikka dives into the AI model she helped build. Working with an AI echo company, Ultromics Ltd., her team built an AI echo model to detect cardiac amyloidosis. The model works from an apical 4 chamber videoclip and was approved by the FDA via the breakthrough pathway. They have validated it internationally in a population with 22% prevalence of cardiac amyloidosis and it had a sensitivity of 85%, specificity 93%, PPV 78%, NPV 96%, and AUC 0.93. The performance of the model was consistent across cardiac amyloid types; among AL, wild type ATTR, and hereditary ATTR, the sensitivity was 84%, 85%, and 86%, respectively. The performance of the model was also superior to previously validated scores which use clinical and echocardiographic variables for detecting cardiac amyloidosis. The results of the study were published online in the European Heart Journal in July.

Topics Discussed:

You have built an AI echo model to detect cardiac amyloidosis. How did you get into this?
Tell us about the model that you built. How did you validate it?
How does the model compare with other screening methods for detecting cardiac amyloidosis?
What are the next steps for your research?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Clopidogrel Monotherapy in Chronic Coronary Artery Disease

Tue, 13 Jan 2026 06:00:00 -0600

Clopidogrel Monotherapy in Chronic Coronary Artery Disease

Guest: Keri Zieminski, APRN, C.N.P., D.N.P.

Host: Sharonne Hayes, M.D.

This episode of Mayo Clinic’s “Interviews With the Experts” will give an overview of clopidogrel monotherapy in patients with chronic CAD that are not on anticoagulation. Discussion will include why there has been a shift towards redefining antiplatelet medical therapy for this patient population, brief overview of recent trials, and how to manage a patient on clopidogrel monotherapy that needs to undergo noncardiac surgery.

Topics Discussed:

Why has there been a shift towards redefining antiplatelet medical therapy in patients with chronic CAD? What's changed?
Recently published trials that highlight clopidogrel monotherapy.
What is your process for managing a patient on clopidogrel monotherapy that needs to go for noncardiac surgery?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Global Practices in Cardiac Imaging for Cardiac Sarcoidosis

Tue, 06 Jan 2026 09:42:49 -0600

Global Practices in Cardiac Imaging for Cardiac Sarcoidosis

Guest: Tahir Kafil, M.D.

Host: Sharonne Hayes, M.D.

Cardiac imaging is a cornerstone in the diagnostic work-up and management of cardiac sarcoidosis. However, indications and use of advanced cardiac imaging vary from institution to institution, and even between providers at the same institution. We conducted an international Delphi consensus study of 89 global experts in cardiac sarcoidosis to evaluate real-world clinical practices and use of advanced cardiac imaging. We developed consensus for use of advanced cardiac imaging in cardiac sarcoidosis. Areas lacking consensus were noted as priority areas for research.

Topics Discussed:

From a big picture perspective, how is cardiac sarcoidosis generally diagnosed?
What exactly is the Delphi methodology your team used to build consensus?
The suggested algorithm for imaging in suspected cardiac sarcoidosis uses pretest probability, how was that defined?
Was cardiac MRI superior to PET in your study? Does one have to be first?
How do experts decide how often to do follow up PET imaging in established cardiac sarcoidosis?
What were areas of priority research that were identified?

The research study cited by Dr. Kafil was published on June 2, 2025. Click the following link to view the paper:

https://www.jacc.org/doi/full/10.1016/j.jcmg.2025.02.010

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Anticoagulation Monotherapy in Patients with Chronic Coronary Artery Disease and Atrial Fibrillation

Tue, 30 Dec 2025 06:00:00 -0600

Anticoagulation Monotherapy in Patients with Chronic Coronary Artery Disease and Atrial Fibrillation

Guest: Keri Zieminski, APRN, C.N.P., D.N.P.

Host: Sharonne Hayes, M.D.

This episode of Mayo Clinic’s “Interviews With the Experts” will give an overview of anticoagulation monotherapy in patients with chronic CAD and atrial fibrillation. Discussion will include a brief overview of recently published trials that highlight the use of anticoagulation monotherapy in chronic CAD with atrial fibrillation, and how to manage a patient on anticoagulation monotherapy that needs to undergo noncardiac surgery.

Topics Discussed:

Why has there been a shift towards redefining antithrombotic medical therapy in patients with chronic CAD with atrial fibrillation? What's changed?
Recently published trials that highlight the use of anticoagulation monotherapy in the chronic CAD + AF population.
What is your process for managing a patient on anticoagulation monotherapy that needs to go for noncardiac surgery?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Updated Guidelines for Perioperative Cardiovascular Management for Noncardiac Surgery

Tue, 23 Dec 2025 06:00:00 -0600

Updated Guidelines for Perioperative Cardiovascular Management for Noncardiac Surgery

Guest: Michael Cullen, M.D.

Host: Kyle Klarich, M.D.

This episode of Mayo Clinic’s “Interviews With the Experts” reviews the assessment of patients with known or suspected cardiovascular disease undergoing noncardiac surgery. Dr. Michael Cullen discusses recommendations from 2024 ACC/AHA perioperative guidelines regarding medication management before and after noncardiac surgery, including recommendations for antiplatelet therapy and bridging anticoagulation. Finally, he highlights new recommendations in the recent 2024 ACC/AHA perioperative guidelines and compare these guidelines to the 2022 European Society of Cardiology perioperative guidelines.

Topics Discussed:

How should clinicians approach the assessment of a patient prior to noncardiac surgery?
How should physicians and APPs manage cardiac medications around the time of noncardiac surgery?
What are some of the new recommendations in the 2024 ACC/AHA guidelines for perioperative management prior to noncardiac surgery?
How do the 2024 ACC/AHA perioperative guidelines differ from the 2022 ESC noncardiac surgery guidelines?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Obesity, Hypertension, and Risk Factors in Terms of Prevention and Decreasing the Risk of HfpEF

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 06:00:00 -0600

Obesity, Hypertension, and Risk Factors in Terms of Prevention and Decreasing the Risk of HfpEF

Guest: Affan Irfan, M.D., Ph.D.

Host: Stephen L. Kopecky, M.D.

HFpEF is a type of heart failure where the heart pumps normally but becomes stiff. This leads to fatigue, shortness of breath, and fluid retention. It is closely linked to obesity, hypertension, and metabolic disorders, with cases rising as these conditions become more common.

Topics Discussed:

What is HFpEF and its risk factors?
How common are obesity and hypertension, and how often do they lead to HFpEF?
How do you diagnose HFpEF?
How effective are weight loss, diet, and exercise in preventing HFpEF?
What medical and public health strategies help reduce these risk factors and HFpEF cases?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Aortic Regurgitation: Beyond the Valve

Tue, 09 Dec 2025 06:00:00 -0600

Aortic Regurgitation: Beyond the Valve

Guest: Vidhu Anand, M.B.B.S.

Host: Kyle Klarich, M.D.

In this episode of Mayo Clinic’s “Interviews With the Experts,” Dr. Klarich and Dr. Anand discuss evolving approaches to assessing left ventricular remodeling in chronic aortic regurgitation. Dr. Vidhu Anand discusses research showing that LV volumes, global longitudinal strain, and myocardial fibrosis can detect dysfunction earlier than traditional guideline thresholds. Listeners can expect to better understand the role of multimodality imaging, extra valvular involvement, and practical steps echocardiographers can take to optimize AR assessment.

Topics Discussed:

What imaging markers help detect early myocardial dysfunction in AR, and how do they assist in risk stratification?
Guidelines traditionally focus on LV dimensions and ejection fraction for surgical decision-making in AR. Is there any data that guidelines may not be capturing patients at the optimal time?
Is there a role of multimodality imaging in AR?

What practical steps can a sonographer or echocardiographer today to bring their AR assessment closer to what your research suggests is optimal?

Please reference Dr. Anand's research article(s) here:

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39545891/

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33253815/

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39218370/

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Presentation, Evaluation, and Management of Premature Ventricular Contractions

Tue, 02 Dec 2025 06:00:00 -0600

Presentation, Evaluation, and Management of Premature Ventricular Contractions

Guest: Alan M. Sugrue, M.B., B.Ch., B.A.O.

Host: Anthony H. Kashou, M.D.

In this episode, Dr. Anthony Kashou and Dr. Alan Sugrue cover a practical, evidence-based approach to premature ventricular contractions (PVCs), from incidental findings to high-burden, high-risk presentations. Listeners will gain tools to differentiate benign from pathologic PVCs, understand when to monitor versus refer, and recognize the role of catheter ablation in improving outcomes.

Topics Discussed:

PVCs show up on Holters and ECGs all the time — how do you decide when they matter?
How often do PVCs cause cardiomyopathy, and when should we act?
When should we consider ablation even if the patient is asymptomatic?
What’s the biggest misconception about PVC ablation today?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Tricuspid Regurgitation: New Insights and Implications for Clinical Practice

Tue, 25 Nov 2025 06:00:00 -0600

Tricuspid Regurgitation: New Insights and Implications for Clinical Practice

Guest: Vidhu Anand, M.B.B.S.

Host: Kyle Klarich, M.D.

This episode of Mayo Clinic’s “Interviews With the Experts,” explores new insights into tricuspid regurgitation and its implications for clinical practice. Dr. Vidhu Anand discusses the dynamic nature of TR, its impact on prognosis, and the importance of close monitoring even when the condition appears to improve. The conversation highlights evolving guideline considerations, patient risk stratification, and how AI and machine learning may soon support earlier, more personalized interventions. Listeners will gain practical takeaways on when to escalate care and how to optimize long-term outcomes for TR patients.

Topics Discussed:

How has our understanding of the natural history of tricuspid regurgitation changed, and what does this mean for the way we monitor and counsel patients?

What are the current indications for intervention in isolated TR?

How is TR currently classified? Are there any novel classifications based on patient’s risk profile, since comorbidities play an important role in TR?

Review of Mayo Clinic study using AI/machine learning and outcomes in TR.

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Cardiovascular Diet Myths

Tue, 18 Nov 2025 06:00:00 -0600

Cardiovascular Diet Myths

Guest: Stephen Kopecky, M.D.

Host: Sharonne Hayes, M.D.

Since 2018, Trans-Fats are prohibited from being a food additive in the US. In this episode of “Interviews With the Experts,” Dr. Stephen Kopecky discussed how trans fats are still in our food, just not as much as pre-2018, and the main sources of trans fat are ultra-processed foods. Listeners will learn what foods scan raise your blood cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, increase heart attack risk, accelerate the aging process, and slow the aging process.

Topics Discussed:

Are some trans-fats still sneaking into our food?
If a person eats food high in cholesterol, can blood levels of cholesterol (LDL-C) go up?
Which artificial sweeteners increase CV risk?
Can diet actually speed up or slow down the aging process?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Evolving Treatment Landscape in Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis

Tue, 11 Nov 2025 06:00:00 -0600

Evolving Treatment Landscape in Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis

Guest: Rosalyn Adigun, M.D., Pharm.D.

Host: S. Allen Luis, M.B.B.S., Ph.D.

In this episode of Mayo Clinic’s “Interviews With the Experts,” Dr. Allen Luis interviews Dr. Rosalyn Adigun on transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis. Listeners will come away with a detailed overview of the evolution of treatment options for patient diagnosed with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy, highlighting historical perspectives, early registration studies, current treatment options, and an outlook on future directions in the management of transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis.

Topics Discussed:

Overview of the historical perspectives on the diagnosis and management of transthyretin amyloidosis.
Current treatment options available for transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy, and factors that should guide a clinician's decision regarding the choice of therapy.
Treatment options in the coming years.
Ongoing research initiatives in the management of cardiac amyloidosis.

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Radiation Therapy and its Effect on the Heart and Cardiac Devices

Tue, 04 Nov 2025 06:00:00 -0600

Radiation Therapy and its Effect on the Heart and Cardiac Devices

Guest: Nicholas Tan, M.D., M.S.

Host: Anthony H. Kashou, M.D.

Mayo Clinic electrophysiologist Dr. Nicholas Tan joins Dr. Anthony Kashou on this episode of “ECG Making Waves” to discuss how radiation therapy can impact the heart and heart rhythm. After listening to this podcast, listeners will have developed awareness of the complexities behind managing cardiac devices in cancer patients.

Topics Discussed:

What effect does radiation therapy have on the heart?
What arrhythmias can be seen with radiation therapy?
How can radiation therapy impact cardiac device management?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

When to Consider Intervention for Peripheral Arterial Disease

Tue, 28 Oct 2025 06:00:00 -0500

When to Consider Intervention for Peripheral Arterial Disease

Guest: Stan Henkin, M.D.

Host: Malcolm Bell, M.D.

Although optimal medical therapy is key to decrease the risk of major adverse cardiac events in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD), lower extremity arterial revascularization also plays an important role in management of symptoms and prevention of amputation. Thus, it is important to recognize the optimal timing for patient to be referred for lower extremity arterial revascularization. This podcast will discuss when patients with established PAD should be considered for peripheral revascularization.

Topics Discussed:

Can you tell us about clinical subsets of PAD and what symptoms may be expected with each subset?
Recent BEST-CLI trial garnered a lot of attention and press. Can you tell us more about this trial and why results are important for treatment of patients with CLTI?
When should a patient with claudication be referred for revascularization?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Heart Healthy Diet: How to Evaluate Your Patients

Tue, 21 Oct 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Heart Healthy Diet: How to Evaluate Your Patients

Guest: Kyla Lara-Breitinger, M.D.

Host: Stephen L. Kopecky, M.D.

Nutrition counseling plays a vital role in cardiovascular care, and even brief conversations can make a meaningful impact. Rapid dietary screeners offer a practical way to assess how heart healthy a patient’s eating pattern is, helping providers initiate valuable discussions. While no single cardioprotective diet stands above the rest, emphasizing reduced intake of ultra-processed foods and ensuring adequate protein—primarily from plant-based sources and lean animal proteins like poultry, fish, and seafood—can support heart health. These dietary priorities become especially important in later life stages, when maintaining lean muscle mass is critical to reducing risks of frailty, morbidity, and mortality.

How do you evaluate whether your patient is following a heart healthy dietary pattern?
What makes a cardioprotective diet different from other diets?
Is there a best diet or go-to-diet that is superior to all?
When discussing nutrition with patients, what key advice should you prioritize?

Easily check your diet with mini-eat.org as discussed by Dr. Lara-Breitinger and Dr. Kopecky!

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

2024 Peripheral Arterial Guidelines: What’s New

Tue, 14 Oct 2025 06:00:00 -0500

2024 Peripheral Arterial Guidelines: What’s New

Guest: Stan Henkin, M.D.

Host: Malcolm Bell, M.D.

The new iteration of ACC/AHA/AACVPR/APMA/ABC/SCAI/SVM/SVN/SVS/SIR/VESS Guideline for the Management of Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease came out in 2024, providing multiple new recommendations for the management of lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) as compared to the 2016 PAD Guideline. These recommendations were made in light of multiple new trials since the prior guideline, including use of antiplatelet and antithrombotic therapy, lipid-lowering therapy and structured exercise therapy. For the first time, these guidelines also underscore the importance of health disparities in PAD. This podcast will highlight these new recommendations with focus on prevention of adverse events in patients with PAD.

Topics Discussed:

Why was an update of 2016 PAD guidelines necessary?
What are important new class I recommendations in the guidelines?
For the first time, health disparities are highlighted for patients with PAD. Why was this done?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Patients Struggling With SVT/AVNRT and Catheter Ablation

Tue, 07 Oct 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Patients Struggling With SVT/AVNRT and Catheter Ablation

Guest: Christopher DeSimone, M.D., Ph.D.

Host: Anthony H. Kashou, M.D.

In this episode, Dr. Anthony Kashou and Dr. Christopher DeSimone dive into the challenges patients face with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT). They explore treatment options ranging from medications to catheter ablation, highlighting how these approaches aim to improve quality of life. Listeners will learn what to expect during an ablation procedure, including safety, anesthesia, and risks. Most importantly, they discuss how patients can feel empowered to make informed decisions about their care and reclaim confidence in their health.

Topics Discussed:

Options and goals of current treatment options for AVNRT/SVT
Catheter ablation as a means to treat and cure AVNRT/SVT
What to expect and what will occur during AVNRT ablation

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Effects of Social Isolation and Loneliness on the Heart

Tue, 30 Sep 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Effects of Social Isolation and Loneliness on the Heart

Guest: Amir Lerman, M.D.

Host: Stephen L. Kopecky, M.D.

Social isolation and loneliness are common, mainly in the elderly, and are regarded as major cardiovascular risk factors. The factors are associated with an increase in cardiovascular events and mortality. Additionally, social isolation and loneliness are associated with increased systemic inflammation and progression of atherosclerosis

Topics Discussed:

How do you identify social isolation?
Mechanism of social isolation and loneliness on CV health
Prevalences and risk of social isolation and loneliness
Findings of a recent study from Mayo Clinic
Case story: the Roseto effect
Potential therapy

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Ischemia with No Obstructive Arteries (INOCA) in 2024

Tue, 23 Sep 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Ischemia with No Obstructive Arteries (INOCA) in 2024

Guest: Claire Raphael, M.B.B.S., Ph.D.

Host: Sharonne Hayes, M.D.

INOCA is a common condition. It is an acronym that stands for ischemia with non-obstructive coronary artery disease. We discuss when to consider a diagnosis of INOCA, how to diagnose it and how to treat patients.

Topics Discussed:

What is INOCA?
Who is at risk for INOCA?
How do we manage INOCA?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Statin Myopathy

Tue, 16 Sep 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Statin Myopathy

Guest: Stephen Kopecky, M.D.

Host: Sharonne Hayes, M.D.

Statins are very helpful to lower LDL cholesterol and subsequently lower cardiovascular risk. Studies of statins have excluded subjects that are statin intolerant which is usually due to muscle symptoms such as aches, called myalgias, muscle cramps, or weakness. One of the most significant predictors of statin intolerance is the dose -the higher the dose, the more likely to develop intolerance. Accepted in recommended ways to minimize intolerance is to use generic combination therapy with a lower dose statin and a cholesterol absorption inhibiting agent such as ezetimibe. Newer agents such as PCS K 9 inhibitors and inclisiran, both given subQ, and bempedoic acid may reduce statin muscle symptoms.

Topics Discussed:

Is any statin more or less likely to cause statin associated muscle symptoms?
Are there any protective medications that can minimize statin myalgias?
What newer non-statin agents have been shown to reduce risk of myalgias?
How is treating high cholesterol levels becoming more like treating blood pressure?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Recent Updates in AF Guidelines

Tue, 09 Sep 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Recent Updates in AF Guidelines

Guest: Christopher DeSimone, M.D., Ph.D.

Guest: Abhishek Deshmukh, M.B.B.S.

Host: Anthony H. Kashou, M.D.

There have been several recent publications from major societies (ACC/HRS/EHRA/ESC) regarding atrial fibrillation management updates. These include updates to treatment interventions in patients with AFib such as catheter ablation, medical therapy, heart failure, and timing of intervention.

Topics Discussed:

What are the new recommendations on catheter ablation?
What is new regarding the relationship between atrial fibrillation and heart failure?
Are there new guidelines on Intervention and timing in atrial fibrillation management?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Patient Selection and the Role of Echo Imaging for Tricuspid Structural Heart Procedures

Tue, 02 Sep 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Patient Selection and the Role of Echo Imaging for Tricuspid Structural Heart Procedures

Guest: Jeremy Thaden, M.D.

Host: Paul Friedman, M.D.

This podcast will give an overview of the growth of transcatheter structural heart procedures in recent years and the co-evolution of structural heart imaging (echocardiography) for patient selection and guidance.

Topics Discussed:

Mayo’s experience with transcatheter structural heart procedures
How has echo imaging evolved to facilitate guidance of structural heart procedures?
What advice can you give for those interested in structural heart imaging?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

What is ECG Age Vs. Chronological age, and How to Use it in Your CV Prevention Practice

Tue, 26 Aug 2025 06:00:00 -0500

What is ECG Age Vs. Chronological age, and How to Use it in Your CV Prevention Practice

Guest: Francisco Lopez-Jimenez, M.D., M.S.

Host: Stephen L. Kopecky, M.D.

After listening to this episode of the CV Prevention segment of Mayo Clinic’s podcast “Interviews with the Experts,” listeners will better understand why it is important to differentiate between biological and chronological age. This is something that may help identify increased risk for age-related conditions and factors that may adversely affecting a person’s health. Listeners will become familiar with different ways to measure aging rate or biological age, especially with ECG age. Finally, factors that appear to affect biological age, such as social determinants of health, lack of exercise, excess weight, and stress are discussed.

Topics Discussed:

What is ECG Age?
How did your team come up with the idea?
Why is important to differentiate between biological age and chronological age?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Robotic Cardiac Surgery

Tue, 19 Aug 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Robotic Cardiac Surgery

Guest: Phillip Rowse, M.D.

Guest: Marty Unruh, APRN, C.N.P., D.N.P.

Host: Kyle Klarich, M.D.

In this episode of “Interviews With the Experts,” listeners will hear a discussion on the most important questions patients should ask as they consider whether or not to pursue a robotic-assisted approach for surgical treatment of their valvular heart disease. It is clarified how robotic heart surgery works, including associated risks, benefits, and misconceptions. And finally, there is a discussion on the expected short- and long-term results of robotic heart valve surgery.

Topics Discussed:

What types of procedures can be performed robotically, and how does robotic surgery compare to traditional and other minimally invasive techniques?
Who qualifies for robotic surgery, and is it safe and effective?
What testing is needed beforehand, what is the typical recovery time, and how long is the hospital stay and return-to-work timeline?
Do surgeons perform the procedure or does the robot operate independently?
How many robotic surgeries has Mayo Clinic performed, and what are the benefits compared to open-heart surgery (sternotomy)?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Anticoagulation with AF and Cancer

Tue, 12 Aug 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Anticoagulation with AF and Cancer

Guest: Nicholas Tan, M.D., M.S.

Host: Anthony H. Kashou, M.D.

In today’s episode of ECG Making Waves, Dr. Anthony Kashou interviews Dr. Nicholas Tan on how to manage anticoagulation in patients with cancer. They discuss the importance of appreciating the challenging balance in managing stroke risk in patients with cancer and atrial fibrillation. After listening to this episode, listeners will understand alternative strategies for stroke prevention in addition to systemic anticoagulation.

Topics Discussed:

What is the relationship between cancer and atrial fibrillation?
Why is stroke prevention challenging in this situation?
What is the role of left atrial appendage closure in cancer patients?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Ceramide Risk Score: How to Incorporate it Into Your CV Prevention Practice

Tue, 05 Aug 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Ceramide Risk Score: How to Incorporate it Into Your CV Prevention Practice

Guest: Vlad Vasile, M.D., Ph.D.

Host: Stephen L. Kopecky, M.D.

Ceramides score is a blood test used to assess the risk of heart attacks and stroke. Most patients evaluated for cardiovascular risk benefit from this test, particularly patients deemed at intermediate risk by other assessments. Score is reported as numbers: the higher the score, the higher the risk. Ceramides score is reproducible and modifiable with lifestyle interventions and medications that lower cholesterol; it also helps with tracking patient progress and motivation.

Topics Discussed:

What is the ceramides score?
How is ceramides score different than hs CRP?
Who benefits from ceramides testing?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

CT Scan for Coronary Artery Calcification Window

Tue, 29 Jul 2025 06:00:00 -0500

CT Scan for Coronary Artery Calcification Window

Guest: Thomas C. Gerber, M.D., Ph.D.

Host: Stephen L. Kopecky, M.D.

Coronary artery calcification (CAC) scanning can help improving our assessment of the risk of heart attack or stroke in thoughtfully selected patients. Not everyone needs a CAC scan! The results of a CAC scan can be particularly helpful in deciding whether a patient should start medications to reduce their risk. Coronary artery calcium scanning is *not* used to follow a patient’s risk over time (to see whether the risk is decreasing or increasing).

Topics Discussed:

How is a coronary artery calcification (CAC) scan done, and what can the results tell us about a patient’s cardiovascular risk and management?
Who should consider having a CAC scan? Should a patient discuss the possibility of a CAC scan with their doctor, and should they just self-refer to a screening center?
What changes can we make in patient management based on CAC scan findings?
How should we monitor whether the management is improving the patient’s cardiovascular risk? How often should a CAC scan be done?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Management of Postoperative Pericarditis

Tue, 22 Jul 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Management of Postoperative Pericarditis.

Guest: Melissa Erdman, P.A.-C.

Guest: Juan Crestanello, M.D.

Host: Sharonne Hayes, M.D.

In this podcast, Mayo Clinic experts explore the complexities of diagnosing and managing postoperative pericarditis, a condition that presents unique challenges compared to other forms of pericarditis. The discussion delves into how this complication differs in presentation and progression, outlines current treatment approaches used in clinical practice, and examines potential preventive strategies that surgeons and care teams can implement to reduce its incidence and severity.

Topics Discussed:

How is postoperative pericarditis different from other causes?
What are the management strategies you are using to treat these patients?
Are there measures that surgeons can take to prevent or reduce incidence or severity?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

How a Years Worth of Experience of PFA for AF has Revolutionized My Practice

Tue, 15 Jul 2025 06:00:00 -0500

How a Years Worth of Experience of PFA for AF has Revolutionized My Practice

Guest: Christopher DeSimone, M.D., Ph.D.

Guest: Abhishek Deshmukh, M.B.B.S.

Host: Anthony H. Kashou, M.D.

Patients most commonly have undergone traditional catheter ablation for AF via a thermal energy source. A newer energy modality is called Pulsed Field Ablation – using very high energy pulsation of strong voltages to destroy tissue responsible for AF. At Mayo Clinic, we have significant expertise in using this technology for our patients. This has changed our ablation practice, approach to ablation, and has made a tremendous impact on AF management.

Topics Discussed:

How has the implementation of PFA for AFib changed your practice?
What are some of the benefits of offering patients PFA?
How has experience with this technology reflected your ablation approach?
Where is the field of PFA heading to next for AFib?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Lipoprotein (a) Elevation: What Does it do to CV Risk and What do You Need to Know About Treatment

Tue, 08 Jul 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Lipoprotein (a) Elevation: What Does it do to CV Risk and What do You Need to Know About Treatment

Guest: Vlad Vasile, M.D., Ph.D.

Host: Stephen L. Kopecky, M.D.

Lipoprotein (a) is a blood biomarker that poses independent risk of heart attacks and stroke when elevated. All patients should be screened for this biomarker. Currently, there are no efficient treatments for lipoprotein (a) elevations, but likely the scenery will change as we will have treatments available in the near future. For now, we recommend a healthy lifestyle, medications that lower cholesterol, aspirin and screening of all first-degree relatives of patients with elevated lipoprotein (a), including children.

Topics Discussed:

What is lipoprotein (a)?
How does lipoprotein (a) increase cardiovascular risk?
How do we treat lipoprotein (a) elevation?
Do you screen children of patients with elevated lipoprotein (a)?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

How to Tell Patients about Adding in Intervals to Their Physical Activity Program

Tue, 01 Jul 2025 06:00:00 -0500

How to Tell Patients about Adding in Intervals to Their Physical Activity Program

Guest: Kate Russell, C.E.P.

Host: Stephen L. Kopecky, M.D.

Intervals are a hugely beneficial addition to any exercise program. As with any exercise topic, finding good information can be difficult and overwhelming. We will discuss how to modify intervals to fit patients of all ages, fitness levels, and limitations

Topics Discussed:

How do I do intervals if I am unable to run?
Should I base my intensity on heart rates?
What’s more important, the length of the interval or the intensity?

Click here for the citation for the research article that Dr. Kopecky references, or see below:

Stamatakis E, Ahmadi M, Biswas RK, et al. Br J Sports Med Epub ahead of print: [01.13.2025]. doi:10.1136/ bjsports-2024-108484

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Role of Thrombophilia Testing in Venous Thromboembolism

Tue, 24 Jun 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Role of Thrombophilia Testing in Venous Thromboembolism

Guest: Ana Casanegra, M.D., M.S.

Host: Kyle Klarich, M.D.

Thrombophilia testing identifies inherited or acquired conditions that increase the risk of abnormal blood clotting. Sometimes it can help us guide management decisions for patients, but who and when to test are key questions to address before making this decision.

Topics Discussed:

What is thrombophilia, what is the difference with hypercoagulable states?
Who should consider getting tested for thrombophilia, what does the testing process involve, and what to consider in preparation for it?
How can the results of thrombophilia testing impact a person’s medical management and lifestyle?
Are there downsides of thrombophilia testing?

Easily check your diet with mini-eat.org as discussed by Dr. Lara-Breitinger and Dr. Kopecky!

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Electrophysiology Considerations in Oncology Patients

Tue, 17 Jun 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Electrophysiology Considerations in Oncology Patients

Guest: Nicholas Tan, M.D., M.S.

Host: Anthony H. Kashou, M.D.

In today’s episode of ECG Making Waves, Dr. Anthony Kashou interviews Dr. Nicholas Tan on how clinicians should consider electrophysiology in the patient with cancer. After listening to this episode, learners will understand the relationship between cancer and heart rhythm disorders, as well as begin to appreciate how cancer and arrhythmia treatments can interact.

Topics Discussed:

Why are arrhythmias even relevant in cancer patients?
What are some key arrhythmias associated with cancer or their therapies?
What is a general approach towards managing arrhythmias in cancer patients?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Chronic Total Occlusion in 2025

Tue, 10 Jun 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Chronic Total Occlusion in 2025

Guest: Gregory Barsness, M.D.

Host: Malcolm Bell, M.D.

Chronic (>3 months) complete epicardial coronary obstructive lesions, often referred to as CTOs, are recognized in a large minority of those referred for coronary angiography yet historically represent <5% of coronary intervention attempts. Improving tools, techniques and strategies have allowed greater access to percutaneous management of symptomatic coronary disease with improved procedural safety and technical and clinical success.

Topics Discussed:

What is a CTO and who do they affect?
What are the management options for those with CTO?
How are candidates for CTO PCI identified?
What are the risks and anticipated clinical benefits of CTO PCI and can these be anticipated and results optimized?
What does the future hold for those with symptomatic chronic coronary occlusions?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Supplements for Cardiovascular Prevention

Tue, 03 Jun 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Supplements for Cardiovascular Prevention

Guest: Lisa M. Gilman, APRN, C.N.P.

Host: Stephen L. Kopecky, M.D.

Supplement use is a growing industry in which patients seek additional potential benefit of reducing disease burden and improving overall health. This presentation will be an overview of supplements used to address cardiovascular disease prevention

Topics Discussed:

Our patients will often inquire if there are any supplements that would help their heart health. How do you approach this topic?
What supplements have been suggested to help improve cardiovascular health?
Patients may ask, how do we know if we are purchasing a good supplement?
Are there any other considerations to be thinking of to instruct our patients about supplements?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Role of Genetics in the Heart Failure Clinic

Tue, 27 May 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Role of Genetics in the Heart Failure Clinic

Guest: Naveen Pereira, M.D.

Host: Kyle Klarich, M.D.

Genetic testing for heart failure is most beneficial for patients with cardiomyopathies. It aids in personalized treatment, early diagnosis, and family risk assessment, although its uptake has been slow due to costs, access, and interpretation challenges. Ongoing research into genetic mutations and their role in cardiomyopathy pathophysiology could lead to new therapeutic targets and improved disease management.

Topics Discussed:

Which patients with heart failure should get genetic testing?
Why should genetic testing be performed?
How is genetic testing performed?
Why has there been a slow uptake in genetic testing for patients with cardiomyopathy? And what are some possible solutions?
Can genetics provide new insight into the pathophysiology of disease, specifically cardiomyopathies?
Can this information then be used to help developed new therapeutic targets?
What are some of the uncertainties in the field that research should be focused on?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Assessing Recurrence Following Pulsed Field Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation

Tue, 20 May 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Assessing Recurrence Following Pulsed Field Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation

Guest: Nicholas Tan, M.D., M.S.

Host: Anthony H. Kashou, M.D.

Pulsed field ablation has been rapidly adopted across the United States since FDA approval was granted 1 year ago, due to its excellent acute efficacy, favorable safety profile, and fast workflow. However, recurrences post-ablation are comparable to that of previously established modalities, making this a significant hurdle that has yet to be overcome. Changes to mapping/ablation strategies, updates to PFA parameters, autonomic modulation, and combination modality ablations (PFA/RFA) offer some avenues for improvement

Topics Discussed:

What is pulsed field ablation (PFA) and how does it differ from previously established modalities of ablation such as radiofrequency and cryoablation?
What are the recurrence rates post-PFA and how do they compare with other modalities?
In patients who undergo redo ablations following an index PFA procedure, what are the most common causes (i.e. reconnection of pulmonary veins versus new sites)?
How do you think PFA will evolve in the coming years

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Hybrid Procedures Collaboration with Interventional Cardiology

Tue, 13 May 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Hybrid Procedures Collaboration with Interventional Cardiology

Guest: Jason Anderson, M.D.

Guest: Elizabeth Stephens, M.D., Ph.D.

Host: Malcolm Bell, M.D.

Increasingly, collaboration between interventional cardiology and congenital cardiac surgeons has been used to optimize care for patients with congenital heart disease. Multi-disciplinary care is key, and “hybrid” procedures can be part of that collaboration. Effective use of catheter-procedures can help decrease the number of cardiac operations for many patients and new technologies are continually being developed in this space.

Topics Discussed:

What are “hybrid procedures” in cardiac surgery?
What age and diagnoses of congenital heart disease patients are candidates for hybrid procedures?
I’ve heard of the heart team approach or emphasis of multi-disciplinary approach at Mayo, what does that mean and is that important for parents and patients to look for?
Can you discuss how you decide whether a surgical or catheter approach is better?
A recent advancement is pulmonary flow regulators – can you explain what those are and how they have been used?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Interval Training – What Does the Science Tell Us About the Benefits Versus Continuous Activity

Tue, 06 May 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Interval Training – What Does the Science Tell Us About the Benefits Versus Continuous Activity

Guest: Amanda R. Bonikowske, Ph.D.

Host: Stephen L. Kopecky, M.D.

Learners will gain insights into the health and fitness benefits of high-intensity interval training (HIIT). They will explore various approaches to HIIT and learn strategies for integrating it into a well-rounded exercise program. Additionally, the podcast will offer a concise overview of current research on the enjoyment of HIIT and how this knowledge can inform effective HIIT prescriptions.

Topics Discussed:

What are the benefits of HIIT?
What are the different approaches to HIIT?
How can HIIT be incorporated into a comprehensive exercise program?
What do we know about enjoyment of HIIT?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Secrets to Achieving CAD Regression

Tue, 29 Apr 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Secrets to Achieving CAD Regression

Guest: Stephen Kopecky, M.D.

Host: Sharonne Hayes, M.D.

Coronary artery disease regression can occur in lipid rich plaque. Calcified and fibrotic plaque are essentially scars and cannot regress; however, they also are not associated with plaque rupture, which can lead to myocardial infarction. Studies with invasive angiography or CT angiography that have shown successful regression of CAD have addressed risk factors including hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. They also address lifestyle, including healthy diet such as DASH or Mediterranean diet, regular physical activity, and stress mitigation.

Topics Discussed:

Can all types of coronary plaque (calcified, fibrotic, lipid rich) regress?
How can we assess coronary artery disease regression?
What have studies told us the best way to achieve CAD regression?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Association Between COVID-19 Vaccination and Atrial Arrhythmias in Individuals with Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices

Tue, 22 Apr 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Association Between COVID-19 Vaccination and Atrial Arrhythmias in Individuals with Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices

Guest: Malini Madhavan, M.B.B.S.

Host: Anthony H. Kashou, M.D.

In a study of over 7000 individuals with a cardiac implanted device in the Biotronik CERTITUDE registry, the burden of device detected AF was noted to be higher in the 3 months after covid vaccination compared to the 3 months preceding vaccination. A similar trend was observed for Influenza vaccinated individuals. However, when comparing a propensity matched group of controls without COVID vaccination, the trend towards increased burden of AF was similar in the 2 groups. This led the authors to conclude that the observed increase in AF burden represents the natural progression of AF risk rather than vaccine related changes.

Topics Discussed:

The study of atrial fibrillation burden after COVID vaccination, including the conclusion.
How the incidence of AF after COVID 19 vaccination compares to that after influenza vaccination.
Other studies that have investigated arrhythmia occurrence after COVID vaccination.
Safety for patients with cardiovascular disease to get vaccinated for COVID 19.

References:

https://www.heartrhythmjournal.com/article/S1547-5271(22)00914-6/fulltext

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jce.16372

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9175153/#:~:text=A%20total%20of%202611%20events,COVID%2D19%20vaccine%20doses%20administered

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Updates in Left Atrial Appendage Closure

Tue, 15 Apr 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Updates in Left Atrial Appendage Closure

Guest: Ammar Killu, M.B.B.S.

Host: Sharonne Hayes, M.D.

In today’s episode of “Interviews With the Experts, listeners will learn how to select patients that may benefit from left atrial appendage occlusion. Listeners will understand the major differences between currently available commercial devices.

Topics Discussed:

What is left atrial appendage closure?
Who may benefit from left atrial appendage closure and is there expansion of indications?
What devices are currently approved for LAA closure? Are there any newer devices on the horizon?
What are the post device anticoagulation/ antithrombotic regimens?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Lifestyle Modification in the Setting of New Prevention Therapies

Tue, 08 Apr 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Lifestyle Modification in the Setting of New Prevention Therapies

Guest: R. Scott Wright, M.D.

Host: Stephen L. Kopecky, M.D.

Cardiovascular prevention has largely focused on new pharmaceutical therapies over the past several decades. Often overlooked are the critical roles of diet, exercise, sleep and other individual behaviors which underpin all of preventive measures for improved health. The podcast will discuss how busy clinicians can emphasize and incorporate these measures in their daily practices and lives.

Topics Discussed:

Is diet still important?
What is the best heart healthy diet?
What are the benefits of a healthy diet outside of lipid lowering?
How do new therapies work with good vs. poor dietary adherence?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Latest Developments in the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Tue, 01 Apr 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Latest Developments in the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Guest: Robert P. Frantz, M.D.

Host: Kyle Klarich, M.D.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a serious disease manifested by vasoconstriction and obliteration of the pulmonary arterial vasculature resulting in rise in pulmonary artery pressure and resistance and culminating in right heart failure. Listeners will learn more about traditional treatments for PAH, as well as new anti-proliferative therapies in active clinical investigation, and what that means for the future of treatment.

Topics Discussed:

What is most new and exciting in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension?
What monitoring is necessary in order to safely use sotatercept?
What future developments do you envision for the field of pulmonary hypertension?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Exploring New Frontiers in Rhythm Monitoring Technology

Tue, 25 Mar 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Exploring New Frontiers in Rhythm Monitoring Technology

Guest: Suraj Kapa, M.D.

Host: Anthony H. Kashou, M.D.

After listening to this podcast, the learners will be able to confidently identify areas of advancement in cardiac rhythm monitoring. Additionally, listeners will learn specific areas of future research around technology to support the future of cardiac rhythm monitoring.

Topics Discussed:

What is new in technology to advance rhythm monitoring?
What role is AI playing in rhythm monitoring?
What are potential risks associated with these technological advances?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Updates from the 2024 ESC and AHA Scientific Statements on Cardiac Sarcoidosis

Tue, 18 Mar 2025 06:00:00 -0500

Updates from the 2024 ESC and AHA Scientific Statements on Cardiac Sarcoidosis

Guest: Leslie T. Cooper Jr., M.D.

Host: Kyle W. Klarich, M.D.

Cardiac sarcoidosis is a systemic, chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by non-caseating, epithelioid cell granulomas that may involve many tissues and organs. The Heart Rhythm Society criteria for diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis require a biopsy-proven diagnosis of extra-cardiac sarcoidosis. If extra-cardiac sarcoidosis is confirmed, CS is highly probable when there is evidence of the following: (a) rhythm abnormalities in either ECG or Holter monitoring such as advanced AVB (Mobitz type II second-degree or third-degree AVB), sustained VT, and (b) LV dysfunction on echocardiography or CMR (LVEF <40%) and/or compatible pattern on advanced imaging modalities (cardiac PET, CMR). EMB, sometimes with electrogram guidance to increase diagnostic yield, remains useful in indeterminant cases, including isolated cardiac involvement or suspected genetic etiology. Multidisciplinary teams consisting of respiratory physicians, rheumatologists, and cardiologists with expertise in sarcoidosis as well as other relevant subspecialties such as advanced cardiac imaging specialists (CMR and nuclear medicine) and electrophysiologists are needed to integrate immunosuppression with arrhythmia and heart failure management.

Topics Discussed:

What percentage of patients with cardiac sarcoidosis have lung or thoracic lymph node involvement?
Which of the following are associated with greater risk of heart failure or ventricular arrhythmias in definite or probable cardiac sarcoidosis:
Which of the following medications may be added to guideline directed treatments for the initial management of acute and symptomatic cardiac sarcoidosis?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

New RNA Therapies for Treatment of ASCVD, Prevention, and Dyslipidemia

Tue, 11 Mar 2025 06:00:00 -0500

New RNA Therapies for Treatment of ASCVD, Prevention, and Dyslipidemia

Guest: R. Scott Wright, M.D.

Host: Stephen L. Kopecky, M.D.

RNA therapies are growing in number as targeted treatments for dyslipidemia including LDL-c, Lp(a) and Triglycerides. The podcast will explore the science behind these therapies, the evidence for safety and how clinicians can utilize them in their practices.

Topics Discussed:

What are the new RNA therapies available or soon to be available?
How are RNA based therapies being used?
How do they compare to the COVID-19 vaccine?
What is their effectiveness and side effect profile?
Are there side effects or concerns?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Myocarditis: What’s New in 2025

Tue, 04 Mar 2025 06:00:00 -0600

Myocarditis: What’s New in 2025

Guest: Leslie T. Cooper Jr., M.D.

Host: Kyle W. Klarich, M.D.

After this episode of Mayo Clinic’s cardiovascular podcast series “Interviews With the Experts,” the listener will be able to identify the novel 2024 ACC Expert Care Decision Pathway (ECDP) 4-stage classifications of myocarditis. Hear today’s expert discuss pivotal tests in the diagnosis of myocarditis, such as cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) are considered. Finally, learn more about the indications for genetic testing for myocarditis in your patients.

Topics Discussed:

What percentage of adult patients with myocarditis presenting as heart failure with reduced ejection fraction or ventricular arrhythmias have a pathogenic or likely pathogenic cardiomyopathic gene variant?
Which of the following are criteria to consider endomyocardial biopsy in the setting of acute myocarditis?
Identify Stage B myocarditis based on clinical presentation and testing.

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Post-Cardiac Ablation Atrial Arrhythmia Monitoring

Tue, 25 Feb 2025 06:00:00 -0600

Post-Cardiac Ablation Atrial Arrhythmia Monitoring

Guest: Suraj Kapa, M.D.

Host: Anthony H. Kashou, M.D.

In this episode of the segment "ECG Making Waves," the listener will learn to identify the right monitoring approach for a given patient’s arrhythmia considerations around ablation. They will also learn how to list specific considerations when reviewing and interpreting post-ablation arrhythmia ECGs.

Topics Discussed:

What specific aspects of the ECG and ECG monitoring are important to look for after cardiac ablation?
How do you approach rhythm monitoring discussions with your patients after ablation?
What are potential benefits and pitfalls of different monitoring approaches for atrial arrhythmias after ablation?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Lipid Drugs: Part 2

Tue, 18 Feb 2025 06:00:00 -0600

Lipid Drugs: Part 2

Guest: Alicia A. Mickow, APRN, C.N.P., M.S.N

Host: Stephen L. Kopecky, M.D.

In Part 2, we will explore potential side effects and barriers to prescribing these medications, considering various patient factors. If you missed Part 1 last week, we encourage you to listen to it first, as this episode serves as a continuation and conclusion of that discussion.

Topics Discussed:

Side effects of these newer non-statin drugs
Barriers to prescribing those drugs

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Lipid Drugs: Part 1

Tue, 11 Feb 2025 06:00:00 -0600

Lipid Drugs: Part 1

Guest: Alicia A. Mickow, APRN, C.N.P., M.S.N

Host: Stephen L. Kopecky, M.D.

In Part 1 of this two-part series, listeners will learn the challenges of managing patients who are statin-intolerant, the range of available treatment options, alternative dosing schedules, and strategies for introducing newer medications. Stay tuned for Part 2, where they will examine the side effects of these newer drugs and barriers to prescribing them.

Topics Discussed:

What are the non-stain medications available and how are they different from statins?
How do you decide which medication to use when patients are statin intolerant?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Heart Lung Transplantation

Tue, 04 Feb 2025 06:00:00 -0600

Heart Lung Transplantation

Guest: Richard C. Daly, M.D.

Guest: Philip J. Spencer, M.D.

Host: Kyle Klarich, M.D.

Heart lung transplantation is the transplant of the combined heart-lung organ bloc from a donor into a recipient who has end-stage disease of both the heart and the lungs. This is often necessary because the disease in 1 of the organs (the heart or the lungs) caused the disease in the other organ system. For example, pulmonary hypertension might cause gradual but irreversible right ventricular failure in the heart. The prognosis after heart-lung transplantation is similar to patients who receive isolated lung transplantation.

Topics Discussed:

Heart-lung transplantation and why it is unique.?
Types of diseases that would require heart-lung transplantation.
Prognosis after heart-lung transplantation compared to heart transplant and lung transplant survival.
Immunologic advantages to block heart-lung transplantation.

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Mayo Clinic's Experience with Cardioneural Ablation

Tue, 28 Jan 2025 06:00:00 -0600

Mayo Clinic's Experience with Cardioneural Ablation

Guest: Guru Kowlgi, M.B.B.S.

Host: Anthony H. Kashou, MD

After listening to this podcast, the learners will develop a fundamental understanding of cardioneural ablation, as well as which patients should be referred for the procedure. Additionally, they will get a sense of the outcomes of the cardioneural ablation program at Mayo Clinic.

Topics Discussed:

Give us a quick refresher of what cardioneural ablation is, and which patient is appropriate to be referred for cardioneural ablation?
What is the history of cardioneural ablation? When did you start the cardioneural ablation program at Mayo Clinic?
How many cases have you done? What are the outcomes in terms of syncope-free survival and are there any complications?
What differentiates Mayo Clinic from other centers performing this procedure?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Aortic Valve Prosthesis Selection

Tue, 21 Jan 2025 06:00:00 -0600

Aortic Valve Prosthesis Selection

Guest: Kimberly Holst, M.D.

Host: Sharonne Hayes, M.D.

In this podcast we will learn to identify patient specific factors to be considered during evaluation for aortic valve replacement including patient specific anatomy, comorbidities, and lifelong management of aortic valve disease. Learners will learn to identify advantages to mechanical and biologic prostheses for management of aortic valve disease and identify areas of developing technology and treatment options for aortic valve disease.

Topics Discussed:

What are the main factors to consider when evaluating a patient for aortic valve replacement?
What patient specific factors that may make a patient less suitable for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR)?
What are the advantages of each mechanical and biologic prostheses in treatment of aortic valve disease?
What new technologies are available for management of aortic valve disease?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Current Nutritional Controversies- What is the Science Behind the Current Trends in Mainstream Media?

Thu, 16 Jan 2025 06:00:00 -0600

Current Nutritional Controversies- What is the Science Behind the Current Trends in Mainstream Media?

Guest: Professor Christopher Gardner, Ph.D.

Host: Kyla Lara-Breitinger, M.D.

From the perspective of both mainstream and social media, it can often seem that there is more controversy than consensus about nutrition topics such as seed oils and ultra processed foods. To the contrary, Christopher Gardner, a nutrition scientist and professor of medicine at Stanford University finds just the opposite, that there is more consensus. However, recognizing the consensus requires providing important context for nutrition issues – in particular, with what, and instead of what. Once that context is provided, many of the topics with seemingly intractable disagreements like seed oils and ultra processed foods can be addressed from a more pragmatic perspective that can help us all to follow a more cardioprotective dietary pattern that leads to longevity and an increased health span. Join us as Professor Gardner addresses these topics with a uniquely engaging blend of humor and evidence-based science on this week’s podcast.

Topics Discussed:

Discuss beef tallow vs. seed oil controversy.
How did ultraprocessed foods become a dominant food source and how to win the battle against it?
Keeping it simple and pragmatic for daily life- how do we follow a cardioprotective pattern that leads to longevity and increased health span?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Can CT Angiography Be Used to Track CAD Regression?

Tue, 14 Jan 2025 06:00:00 -0600

Can CT Angiography Be Used to Track CAD Regression?

Guest: Eric Williamson, M.D.

Host: Stephen Kopecky, M.D.

Listeners to this podcast will learn about the role of coronary CT angiography (CCTA) in preventative cardiology. CCTA enables early detection and characterization of coronary plaque before significant cardiovascular events occur. It non-invasively visualizes both calcified and non-calcified plaques, allowing for a comprehensive assessment of coronary artery health. These early insights can inform lifestyle modifications and targeted therapies, ultimately reducing the risk of heart disease.

Topics Discussed:

What is the role of coronary CTA in the assessment of coronary atherosclerotic plaque?
What recent technological advancements have occurred to improve the characterization of coronary plaque?
How is AI playing a role in plaque assessment using CT?
What future developments will advance our use of CT for plaque assessment in the near future?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Myth-Busting: Common Misconceptions About Dairy and Heart Health, Personalized Nutrition and Dairy, & Practical Tips for Heart-Healthy Dairy Consumption

Fri, 10 Jan 2025 06:00:00 -0600

Myth-Busting: Common Misconceptions About Dairy and Heart Health, Personalized Nutrition and Dairy, & Practical Tips for Heart-Healthy Dairy Consumption

Guest: Tara Schmidt, RDN, LD

Guest: Jen Welper, Executive Chef

Host: Kyla Lara-Breitinger, M.D.

From encouraging full-fat dairy to avoiding dairy at all costs, the internet has a wide range of opinions and advice, expert and otherwise. Do the nutritional benefits outweigh the risks? Are there populations of people who should avoid it? Mayo Clinic experts dig into the research around dairy, associated health outcomes, and ways to healthfully incorporate it into one’s daily intake.

Topics Discussed:

How do you educate patients about LDL, cholesterol, and its relationship with dairy?
What are some of the nutritional benefits of dairy?
Should we be recommending that people replace cow milk with a plant-based alternative?
There’s a lot of talk of dairy causing inflammation. Is this true?
Best ways to incorporate dairy, consider alternatives to prevent over-consumption, and also sneak it in recipes.

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

The Role of Saturated Fats in Dairy & Dairy Alternatives and Their Impact

Wed, 08 Jan 2025 06:00:00 -0600

The Role of Saturated Fats in Dairy & Dairy Alternatives and Their Impact

Guest: Richard S. Bruno, Ph.D., RD.

Host: Kyla Lara-Breitinger, M.D.

The role of dairy foods—particularly full-fat varieties—in a healthy dietary pattern has been a subject of controversy for decades. Health recommendations have traditionally emphasized non-fat and low-fat dairy options to minimize energy (calorie) and saturated fat intake.

Topics Discussed:

The challenges inherent in conducting food-based research.
The controversial history of research on dairy foods.
Emerging paradigm shifts in scientific evidence supporting the health benefits of dairy foods, including full-fat varieties.
Practical considerations for incorporating this nutrient-rich, low-cost food matrix into a healthy dietary pattern to promote cardiometabolic health.

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Antiplatelets After Stenting

Tue, 07 Jan 2025 06:00:00 -0600

Antiplatelets After Stenting

Guest: Malcolm Bell, M.D.

Host: Sharonne Hayes, M.D.

In this podcast, we discuss the rationale for shortening the duration of dual antiplatelet therapy after coronary stenting and continuing P2Y12 inhibitor in preference to continuing aspirin as monotherapy. With this approach, the risk of significant bleeding is reduced significantly and with no corresponding increase in ischemic or thrombotic events. This strategy is particularly attractive for patients who are considered to be at high-risk of bleeding or who suffer an actionable bleed. A P2Y12 inhibitor appears to more efficacious for long term secondary prevention than aspirin.

Topics Discussed:

Changes in the use of dual antiplatelet therapy for patients undergoing coronary stenting.
Short DAPT and dropping the aspirin.
Patient population ideal for monotherapy with a P2Y12 inhibitor.
What do you do after 6 or 12 months of monotherapy – continue, or switch back to aspirin?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Introduction to Dairy and Cardiovascular Health & The Science Behind Dairy and Heart Health

Mon, 06 Jan 2025 06:00:00 -0600

Introduction to Dairy and Cardiovascular Health & The Science Behind Dairy and Heart Health

Guest: Maya Vadiveloo, Ph.D., RD.

Host: Kyla Lara-Breitinger, M.D.

After this podcast, listeners will understand the rationale behind low-fat dairy guidance. They will also learn about the benefits of dairy products, how to incorporate dairy if lactose intolerant, and what to look for in dairy-based alternatives. Finally, listeners will learn practical suggestions for incorporating dairy products into their diets.

Topics Discussed:

What’s the reason/reasons behind low-fat/fat-free dairy advice?
How can people who are lactose intolerant incorporate more dairy? Are dairy-based alternatives the same?
How much dairy should people consume? What ways can it be incorporated healthfully?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Modeling Disease Pathways Through Ventricular Depolarization

Tue, 31 Dec 2024 06:00:00 -0600

Modeling Disease Pathways Through Ventricular Depolarization

Guest: Peter van Dam, PhD

Host: Anthony H. Kashou, MD

Detection of disease progression is hampered due to the large variation in normal QRS morphologies, even for the ECG expert. Cardiac modeling techniques can improve the interpretation and diagnostic value of the ECG by visualizing relevant QRS deviations. Comparing the QRS waveforms and electrical pathway in genetical patients to normal controls shows that even small changes in the QRS can be detected in patients with a genetical disease, like Brugada or ACM.

Topics Discussed:

What is the PathECG?
How do you compare PathECG to normal ECG waveform?
What can the PathECG add to the ECG?
Could PathECG improve the quality of the ECG diagnosis?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Role of Denervation for Hypertension Management

Tue, 24 Dec 2024 06:00:00 -0600

Role of Denervation for Hypertension Management

Guest: Sanjay Misra, M.D.

Host: Paul Friedman, M.D.

In this podcast, the listener will learn more what renal denervation is, the mechanism by which it works, how the procedure is performed, and expected outcomes for patients.

Topics Discussed:

Ideal candidate and work up of the patient for renal denervation.
Describe the procedure, as well as the risks and benefits.
Follow up for patients after the procedure.
Anticipated outcomes.

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Chronic Thrombo-Embolic Pulmonary Hypertension

Tue, 17 Dec 2024 06:00:00 -0600

Chronic Thrombo-Embolic Pulmonary Hypertension

Guest: Robert P. Frantz, M.D.

Host: Kyle Klarich, M.D.

In this episode, the experts discuss chronic thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension. Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension results from unresolved emboli in the lungs, causing increased resistance, right heart strain, and shortness of breath. Listeners will learn more about three different treatments available, including surgery, balloons, and medication.

Topics Discussed:

What is chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension?
What are the surgical treatments of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension?
Are there other treatments available?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Arrhythmias in Pregnancy

Tue, 10 Dec 2024 06:00:00 -0600

Arrhythmias in Pregnancy

Guest: Katie A. Young, M.D.

Guest: Abhishek J. Deshmukh, M.B.B.S.

Host: Paul A. Friedman, M.D.

This episode dives into the complex and fascinating world of arrhythmia management during pregnancy, exploring how unique physiological changes can increase arrhythmia risk and impact treatment approaches. We’ll discuss common and high-risk arrhythmias, management strategies and the importance of a collaborative care approach involving specialists across disciplines.

Topics Discussed:

Identify the primary risk factors and physiological changes that contribute to arrhythmias in pregnant patients.
Describe evidence-based management strategies for common and high-risk arrhythmias during pregnancy, including considerations for medication and procedural interventions.
Recognize the role of interdisciplinary care in managing arrhythmias in pregnancy to ensure optimal maternal and fetal outcomes.

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

AI ECG Updates

Tue, 03 Dec 2024 06:00:00 -0600

AI ECG Updates

Guest: Francisco Lopez-Jimenez, M.D., M.S.

Host: Anthony H. Kashou, M.D.

There have been many recent developments regarding AI-ECG, with some algorithms able to identify common and very relevant medical conditions like CAD and diastolic disfunction. There are major limitations implementing AI-ECG, including regulatory, technical and clinician-related. Algorithms meant to detect rare diseases, when used indiscriminately, may lead to many false positive results. The future of AI-ECG is optimizing its implementation through seamless integration in workflows, use of point of care or wearables getting ECG signals, and using multimodality AI, where AI-ECG would be just one of several signals used to detect cardiac and non-cardiac conditions, aging, and to predict cardiovascular events.

Topics Discussed:

What is new on AI ECG these days? What new algorithms have been developed that you see may change clinical practice in the future? (although structured as 2 questions, its actually one)
What are the major limitations using AI-ECG in clinical practice?
What do you think is the future of AI-ECG?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Optimal Medical Therapy in Peripheral Artery Disease

Tue, 26 Nov 2024 06:00:00 -0600

Optimal Medical Therapy in Peripheral Artery Disease

Guest: Stan Henkin, M.D.

Host: Malcolm R. Bell, M.D.

Atherosclerosis of peripheral (ie, non-coronary) arteries, also known as peripheral artery disease (PAD), affects more than 8 million Americans. Unfortunately, compared to coronary artery disease (CAD), PAD is often underdiagnosed and undertreated. In this podcast, experts discuss optimal medical therapy in patients with PAD.

Topics Discussed:

What is peripheral artery disease? What are the most common symptoms of PAD?
You diagnose PAD. What pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic therapies do you consider?
How do you follow-up a patient with PAD?
When should a patient be referred to a vascular specialist?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Dyspnea After Pulmonary Embolism

Tue, 19 Nov 2024 06:00:00 -0600

Dyspnea After Pulmonary Embolism: Optimal Medical Therapy in Peripheral Vascular Disease

Guest: Stan Henkin, M.D.

Host: Malcolm R. Bell, M.D.

Historically, majority of clinical and research focus has been on acute management of pulmonary embolism (PE). However, long-standing functional impairment after PE is common, occurring in up to 50% of individuals with history of PE. This is termed post-PE syndrome – an underrecognized, underdiagnosed, and undertreated entity. In this podcast, experts discuss epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of post-PE syndrome.

Topics Discussed:

What is Post-PE syndrome? How common is it?
What is your suggested work-up of patient who presents with dyspnea after PE?
When should a patient be referred to a tertiary/expert center?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

MINOCA: Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries

Tue, 12 Nov 2024 06:00:00 -0600

MINOCA: Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries

Guest: Claire E. Raphael, M.B.B.S., Ph.D.

Host: Sharonne Hayes, M.D.

MINOCA is a myocardial infarction with no obstructive coronary artery disease. This podcast will discuss the underlying causes of MINOCA, how to and who to investigate and discuss contemporary management strategies.

Topics Discussed:

What is MINOCA?
What testing should I consider in patients with MINOCA
How are these patients treated?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

An AI-ECG Algorithm for Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction

Tue, 05 Nov 2024 06:00:00 -0600

An AI-ECG Algorithm for Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction

Guest: Jae Oh, M.D.

Host: Anthony H. Kashou, M.D.

Diastolic function assessment is crucial in diagnosing, managing, and predicting outcomes in various cardiac conditions. It provides insight into heart health, particularly in diagnosing heart failure. Shortness of breath, a common patient complaint, often indicates elevated diastolic filling pressure if linked to a cardiac condition. Echocardiography is the primary method for assessing diastolic function, but it is operator-dependent and not always available. In contrast, ECGs are standardized and widely accessible. Although subtle changes in ECGs are not easily detectable by the human eye, artificial intelligence can identify specific conditions reflected in the ECG. By training an AI model with labeled ECGs based on diastolic function determined through echocardiography, researchers achieved high accuracy in detecting diastolic dysfunction. AI-enhanced ECGs can significantly impact the identification of both asymptomatic and symptomatic cardiac conditions, potentially streamlining diagnostic strategies and reducing costs. Future developments may enable patients to monitor their heart health using simple wearable devices, enhancing the management of heart failure and other conditions.

Topics Discussed:

Your special clinical academic interest is echocardiography. Why are you interested in ECG AI in diastolic function?
What is diastolic function and why is it important to assess diastolic function in clinical practice?
Why did you decide to create AI-ECG for diastolic function assessment?
What did you find and how do you envision AI ECG for diastolic function be used in clinical practice?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Novel Mitral Therapies

Tue, 29 Oct 2024 06:00:00 -0500

Novel Mitral Therapies

Guest: Arman Arghami, M.D., M.P.H.

Guest: Mayra Guerrero, M.D.

Host: Kyle Klarich, M.D.

And the end of this podcast, the listener should understand how to identify new minimally invasive procedures to treat patients with mitral valve disease, delineate the difference between minimally invasive surgery versus percutaneous transcatheter interventions for mitral valve disease, and recognize when to refer patients for mitral valve interventions.

Topics Discussed:

What are the minimally invasive intervention options to treat patient with mitral valve disease?
Which are the patients who benefit from less invasive procedures?
How and when to refer a patient for mitral valve intervention?
If a patient had prior mitral valve surgery (repair or replacement) and has recurrent mitral valve disease, is redo mitral surgery always needed? Or can a patient with prior surgery be treated with a transcatheter mitral valve repair or replacement, avoiding the need for repeat surgery?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Myocarditis - Presentation and Recent Advances

Tue, 22 Oct 2024 06:00:00 -0500

Myocarditis - Presentation and Recent Advances

Guest: Drew Rosenbaum, M.D.

Host: Sharonne Hayes, M.D.

Through this podcast, listeners should understand how myocarditis manifests, both in the hospitalized patients as well as in clinical practice in order to facilitate recognition of the disease to initiate the appropriate work and achieve a diagnosis. The treatment strategies depend highly on the underlying condition. Although current strategies for treatment are evolving, a conceptual framework for which patients may benefit from anti-inflammatory therapies and which may not is critical to appropriate select therapies for patients affected by myocarditis.

Topics Discussed:

What is the spectrum of manifestations of myocarditis?
How do you diagnose myocarditis?
How is myocarditis treated and what is on the horizon for myocarditis?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Valve Disease in Pregnancy

Tue, 15 Oct 2024 06:00:00 -0500

Valve Disease in Pregnancy

Guest: Katie Young, M.D.

Hosts: Sharonne Hayes, M.D.

In this podcast we will review the medical management of native valvular heart disease in pregnancy, highlighting the importance of specialized care through a Pregnancy Heart Team approach.

Topics Discussed:

What are the anticipated physiologic changes of pregnancy and their importance to individuals with valvular heart disease?
What are the highest risk valvular lesions for pregnancy?
Can you discuss general medical management recommendations for those with stenotic lesions in pregnancy?
Are regurgitant valve lesions always well tolerated in pregnancy?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Cardioneural ablation for atrial fibrillation: Indications and rationale

Tue, 08 Oct 2024 06:00:00 -0500

Cardioneural ablation for atrial fibrillation: Indications and rationale

Guest: Guru G. Kowlgi, M.B.B.S.

Host: Anthony H. Kashou, M.D.

The learners will get an overview of how high a vagal tone can contribute to atrial fibrillation. In addition, they will gain an understanding of cardioneural ablation, which is a promising new catheter ablation treatment option for these patients.

Topics Discussed

How does high vagal tone contribute to atrial fibrillation
What subset of patients with atrial fibrillation can benefit from cardioneural ablation
What studies have been performed in this field, and what does the future of Afib ablation look like?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Interventional Management of Acute Pulmonary Embolism

Tue, 01 Oct 2024 06:00:00 -0500

Interventional Management of Acute Pulmonary Embolism

Guest: Arashk Motiei, M.D.

Hosts: Sharonne Hayes, M.D.

We will discuss the can temporary interventional management of patients with massive acute pulmonary embolism and intermediate high-risk acute pulmonary embolism.

Topics Discussed:

Who are the patients with pulmonary embolism who need to be considered for interventional treatment?
What do we know about risk assessment in patients with intermediate high-risk pulmonary embolism?
What are the types of interventional treatments that are currently available?
Systemic thrombolysis is often used for the management of acute pulmonary embolism. Is there any role for this with the availability of interventional approaches?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Cardiac Amyloidosis: No Longer Rare and Untreatable!

Tue, 24 Sep 2024 06:00:00 -0500

Cardiac Amyloidosis: No Longer Rare and Untreatable!

Guest: Omar F. Abou Ezzeddine, M.D., M.S.

Hosts: Malcolm R. Bell, M.D.

Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM), once considered rare, is more prevalent than previously thought. Diagnosing ATTR-CM is particularly important because there are now highly effective, specific therapies for ATTR-CM. In this podcast, we will provide a contemporary review of the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to patients with ATTR-CM in the current era.

Topics Discussed:

When to suspect the disease & who to screen for ATTR-CM?
How to diagnose and prognosticate ATTR-CM in the current era?
Provide an overview of current and emerging therapies for managing ATTR-CM.

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

IV Agents to Improve Echo Images, Value, and Safe Administration

Tue, 17 Sep 2024 06:00:00 -0500

IV Agents to Improve Echo Images, Value, and Safe Administration

Guest: Jeremy Thaden, M.D.

Guest: Mays Ali, M.D.

Hosts: Kyle Klarich, M.D.

In this podcast we will review current and evolving indications for UEA use in the clinical and research setting. They will review Mayo Clinic’s practice for UEA administration, commonly encountered UEA side-effects, and appropriate management strategies.

Topics Discussed:

What are the indications to use ultrasound enhancement agent (UEA) in your clinical practice and how are they useful?
Who administers the UEA in your clinical practice?
Are there potential side effects of UEA that one should be aware of?
What is the appropriate management of side effects and how does the echo lab manage them when they arise?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Cardioneural Ablation - A Promising Treatment Strategy for Refractory Vasovagal Syncope

Tue, 10 Sep 2024 06:00:00 -0500

Cardioneural Ablation - A Promising Treatment Strategy for Refractory Vasovagal Syncope

Guest: Guru G. Kowlgi, M.B.B.S.

Host: Anthony H. Kashou, M.D.

The learners will get an overview of how to diagnose and manage vasovagal syncope. In addition, they will gain an understanding of cardioneural ablation, which is a promising new catheter ablation treatment option for these patients.

Topics Discussed

What is vasovagal syncope (VVS)?
How do we diagnose vasovagal syncope?
What are some treatment strategies for VVS (including a discussion on cardioneural ablation and the use of pacemakers)?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Pre-Pregnancy Risk Assessment for CV Patients

Tue, 03 Sep 2024 06:00:00 -0500

Pre-Pregnancy Risk Assessment for CV Patients

Guest: Katie A. Young, M.D.

Hosts: Malcolm R. Bell, M.D.

In this podcast we will review the importance of specialized care in Cardiovascular Obstetrics and the role of the Pregnancy Heart Team in pregnancy risk assessment and pre-conception counseling.

Topics Discussed:

With maternal mortality rates being 2 fold higher in the US compared to other developed countries, how can we work to decrease maternal mortality rates?
How can we best estimate maternal cardiovascular and obstetric risks?
Who should be counseled against pursuing pregnancy?
What other testing do we consider as important components of the pre-conception evaluation?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Cardio-oncology: What is the Big Picture, What Drugs to Use, and What Tests to Follow

Tue, 27 Aug 2024 06:00:00 -0500

Cardio-oncology: What is the Big Picture, What Drugs to Use, and What Tests to Follow

Guest: Chadi Ayoub, M.B.B.S., Ph.D.

Hosts: Sharonne N. Hayes, M.D.

In this podcast, we will describe more frequent cardiotoxic effects associated with cancer therapies. Identify imaging modalities that can be used to detect and evaluate cardiotoxicity and common adverse cardiac events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. As well review currently available treatment options to address cardiovascular toxicity.

Topics Discussed:

What are the main chemotherapy agents that cause cardiotoxicity?What testing can be done to screen for and diagnose cardiotoxicity, and when should it be done?
What can be done to address cardio-toxicity when it arises? What treatments are available, and how can we minimize interruptions to cancer therapy?
Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy has revolutionized the care of some cancers, what cardiac toxicities are there and what have we learned about them from study of our patients?
How does radiation therapy affect the heart, and what can be done to minimize this?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Clinical Quantification of Myocardial Blood Flow Using PET

Tue, 20 Aug 2024 06:00:00 -0500

Clinical Quantification of Myocardial Blood Flow Using PET

Guest: Panithaya Chareonthaitawee, M.D.

Hosts: Malcolm R. Bell, M.D.

In this podcast, we will describe the clinical applications of PET MBF quantitation and discuss the strengths and limitations of PET MBF quantification.

Topics Discussed:

Why has PET myocardial perfusion imaging seen such growth?
You mentioned the ability of PET to measure myocardial blood flow. Why is this crucial?
So, should myocardial blood flow measurement be standard in all PET MPI studies? Does it require special equipment or extra time?
Are there specific values to remember for PET flow quantification?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

3D Visualization of the Heart in Immersive Technology Like Mixed Reality

Tue, 13 Aug 2024 06:00:00 -0500

3D Visualization of the Heart in Immersive Technology Like Mixed Reality

Guest: Dr. Klaudia Proniewska

Host: Anthony H. Kashou, M.D.

The most commonly applied way of teaching students the foundations of human anatomy and physiology involves textbooks and lectures. This method of transmitting knowledge causes difficulties for students, especially in the context of three-dimensional imaging of organ structures, and as a consequence, translates into difficulties with imagining them. Even with the rapid uptake of knowledge dissemination provided by online materials, including courses and webinars, there is a clear need for learning programs featuring first-hand immersive experiences tailored to individual study paces. In my research, I present an approach to enhance a classical study program by combining multi-modality data and representing them in a Mixed Reality (MR)-based environment. The advantages of the proposed approach have been proven by the conducted investigation of the relationship between heart anatomy, its electrophysiological characteristics, and resulting wave morphology on the electrocardiogram (ECG). Another part of the research focuses on the role of the anatomy of the heart, e.g., the sinoatrial node, in ECG formation, while the MR-based visualization of combined imaging data with non-invasive CineECG (by Peter van Dam) imaging demonstrates the educational application of these advanced technologies for teaching cardiac anatomy and ECG correlations.

Topics Discussed

Can you explain why three-dimensional structures are important to teach electrophysiology of the heart?
How does the electrocardiogram (ECG) relate to heart anatomy, and why is this relationship fundamental in understanding cardiac electrophysiology? Give an example.
Have you implemented any innovative teaching methods or technologies to enhance the learning experience in cardiac anatomy and electrophysiology? If so, can you describe their impact?
In your experience, what are the most effective ways to convey complex 3D structures and dynamic processes in cardiac anatomy and electrophysiology to students or professionals?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Marfan Surgery

Tue, 06 Aug 2024 06:00:00 -0500

Marfan Surgery

Guest: Alberto Pochettino, M.D.

Hosts: Paul A. Friedman, M.D.

Marfan syndrome is a genetic abnormality where the fibrillin protein is abnormal. That affects all collagen structures within a given individual. Phenotypic features involve ocular abnormalities such as lens dislocation and a higher risk of retinal detachment, as well as diffuse musculoskeletal abnormalities such as scoliosis, joints abnormalities, and the diffuse hyper extension of all joints. By far the most life-threatening feature in Marfan syndrome is aortic abnormality.

Topics Discussed:

Which patients with Marfan syndrome should be evaluated for aortic disease?
Do all Marfan patients develop aortic aneurysm?
What other cardiovascular abnormalities are noted in Marfan syndrome?
What preventive operations are available, and what are the expected outcomes from such operations?
If a Marfan patient develops a type B dissection what is the appropriate management?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and CV Risk

Tue, 30 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0500

Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and CV Risk

Guest: Thais D. Coutinho, M.D.

Hosts: Paul A. Friedman, M.D.

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are common and are associated with a significant increase in the risk of future cardiovascular diseases. Despite the well-established statistics, this increase in risk is not well recognized by patients or healthcare providers. The objectives of this podcast are to highlight the cardiovascular risks associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, describe strategies to identify and mitigate this risk, and identify knowledge gaps and research opportunities in the field.

Topics Discussed:

Can you explain what are the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy?
After a woman is diagnosed with a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, what are the cardiovascular consequences?
How should clinicians approach a patient with history of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, in order to understand and minimize their cardiovascular risk?
Tell us about some of your research in this field.
What are the major needs for new research and clinical translation in this field?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Genomics in Inflammatory Cardiomyopathies

Tue, 23 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0500

Genomics in Inflammatory Cardiomyopathies

Guest: Naveen L. Pereira, M.D.

Hosts: Kyle W. Klarich, M.D

Patients with heart failure and ventricular arrhythmias can have inflammatory heart disease such as myocarditis or sarcoidosis. The diagnosis is typically made by imaging studies including cardiac MRI and PET scans. However, it is critical to performed genetic testing in such patients given that genetic cardiomyopathy can often present as an inflammatory heart disease phenotype which may have important prognostic and therapeutic implications.

Topics Discussed:

How do inflammatory cardiomyopathies typically present? When do you suspect inflammation as a cause of cardiomyopathy?
How is the diagnosis typically made and is there a role for endomyocardial biopsy?
Why is genetic testing important once a diagnosis of an inflammatory cardiomyopathy is made?If the genetic test is positive in these patients what the clinical implications?

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.

Understanding ECG Waveforms: Normal vs. Abnormal

Tue, 16 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0500

Understanding ECG Waveforms: Normal vs. Abnormal

Guest: Dr. Peter van Dam

Host: Anthony H. Kashou, M.D.

The ECG interpretation is majorly driven by event detection, i.e. QRS onset and end, QT time, P wave etc. From these we can determine the normal heart rhythm, and some performance measures, like heart rate etc. The ECG waveforms, however, are much less understood. This is a pity, as ECG waveforms, provide instantaneous information on the electrophysiological and structural function of the heart. In this respect it is interesting to know if there is something like a normal ECG waveform or normal PathECG (CineECG). This latter technique is a vector-based method to estimate the electrical position of a moving vector within the heart. Similar normal distributions can be created to compare to the normal ECGs.

Topics Discussed

How can we define a normal ECG waveform? (ECGs from healthy normal people for different age groups, I used about 6000 normal ECGs, correction for heart rate by resampling to standard QT time (400 ms for instance, these ECGs can be used to create a distribution of amplitudes and derived signals (CineECG) to compare an ECG too)
What is needed for an accurate waveform comparison? (Good baseline correction, not filtering, but baseline correction) What is the onset and end of the P-wave, QRS and T wave?)
Are normal ECGs waveforms different from abnormal ECG waveforms? (Of course they overlap, describe left bundle branch block, or ischemia, with long QRS or deviating ST segment )
Did you use this method to classify ECGs as normal or abnormal? (results from our study (manuscript in preparation) that any QRST sequence in an ECG can be classified as abnormal with an accuracy (AUC) of more than 81%. In our study population 15% of the patients had only atrial related abnormal ECGS)

Connect with Mayo Clinic's Cardiovascular Continuing Medical Education online at https://cveducation.mayo.edu or on Twitter @MayoClinicCV and @MayoCVservices.

LinkedIn: Mayo Clinic Cardiovascular Services

No CME credit offered for this episode.

Podcast episode transcript found here.